Cattle husbandry practices management adopted by dairy farmers in Eastern semi-arid region of Algeria: A study of Setif Area

Author(s):  
Mohamed Benidir ◽  
Boussad Belkheir ◽  
Aissam Bousbia

This study was conducted in Eastern semi-arid region of Sétif (Algeria). 63 dairy cattle farmers were surveyed through personal interview using a well-structured questionnaire to collect the information about cattle husbandry practices followed in the study area. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics performed with SPSS software (version 19). The results revealed that the majority of farmers (68.85%) rely on family labor and 31.15 per cent use wage labor. As for the age group, operators aged between 21 and 35 represent the highest proportion (74.6%) and 21.1 per cent of the population aged between 36 and 50 years. On the other hand, chiefs over the age of 51 represent only 4.3 per cent. The free stall housing is the mode most practiced by the majority of farmers surveyed (59.01%) versus 40.99 per cent are practicing the stanchion stable system. The majority of respondents (90.16%) fed readymade concentrate to their animals followed by home prepared concentrate (9.84%). Artificial insemination is used by 19.67 per cent of farmers surveyed; the majority uses the natural service for breeding their animals. Pregnancy diagnosis is followed by all surveyed farmers but it was done by a qualified veterinarian. Calving interval was 12 months for all farmers surveyed. The majority of cattle farmers (96.82%) are calf producers-fatteners. The fattened calves and culled cows are main categories of cattle made in market for slaughtering.

Water Policy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1145-1160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Edson Espíndola Gonçalo ◽  
Danielle Costa Morais

AbstractThe world is facing a growing water scarcity problem in the most diverse regions. The Rio Grande do Norte (RN), a Brazilian semi-arid region, is facing its severest drought in the last 100 years. Given this context, managing water resources and combating the effects of the drought have become even more important. Decisions made in this context may involve multiple criteria established by more than one decision-maker. To tackle this issue, a multicriteria model for group decisions is proposed in order to rank the municipalities of the region and thus guide the public administration's efforts in tackling the drought and mitigating its effects. The applicability of the model is exemplified by studying the Apodi-Mossoró river basin, for which the PROMETHEE GDSS method was selected and the preferences of three decision-makers were calculated.


REPERTÓRIO ◽  
2010 ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Teatro & Dança Repertório

<div>O presente artigo refl ete sobre a historiografia do teatro baiano e traz elementos da história do circo-teatro no semi-árido da Bahia, entre os anos de 1911 e 1942, com foco na cidade de Senhor do Bonfim, através da apresentação de 21 companhias circenses que passaram pelo interior do estado na primeira metade do século XX.<br><br />This article reflects on the historiography of theater made in Bahia and brings elements of the history of the circus-theater in the semi-arid region of Bahia, between the years 1911 and 1942, focusing on the city of Senhor do Bonfim, by presenting 21 companies circus that passed through the countryside in the first half of the twentieth century.</div>


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 72-86
Author(s):  
Patrício Rinaldo dos Santos ◽  
Márcio Catharin Marchetti

Resumo O crescimento urbano desordenado e sem planejamento tem contribuído para o surgimento de vários problemas socioeconômicos e ambientais, até mesmo em pequenas cidades localizadas no semiárido do Nordeste brasileiro. Objetivou-se com este estudo verificar as ineficiências e os desafios que norteiam a implantação do Plano Diretor Participativo do município de Ibimirim, estado de Pernambuco. O estudo em evidência é de caráter descritivo e exploratório complementando-se, para o alcance dos resultados propostos, com o método observacional. Foram feitas análises documentais e observações diretas em campo. Verificou-se que o Plano Diretor está composto por eixos e que algumas normas não estão sendo cumpridas conforme a legislação em vigor. O município não revisa o seu Plano Diretor desde o ano de 2006 e não existe fiscalização nas construções, devido à ausência de instrumentos, como o código de posturas, o código de obras e edificações e o zoneamento urbano-ambiental. Espera-se que esta observação possa subsidiar políticas públicas para uma regularização urbana e promoção de melhores condições de vida para as presentes e futuras gerações, neste e em outros municípios do semiárido. Palavras-chave: Urbanização. Estatuto das cidades. Plano Diretor. Ibimirim. Abstract The uncontrolled and unplanned urban growth has contributed to the insertion of several socioeconomic and environmental problems, even in small cities located in the semi-arid region of Northeast Brazil. The objective of this study was to verify the inefficiencies and challenges that guide the implementation of the Participatory Master Plan of the municipality of Ibimirim, state of Pernambuco. The study in evidence is descriptive and exploratory, complementing it in the proposed results' scope with the observational method. Documentary analyses and direct observations were made in the field. It was found that the Master Plan is composed of axes and that some standards are not being complied with according to the legislation in force. The municipality has not revised its Master Plan since 2006, and there is no inspection in the buildings due to the absence of instruments, such as the city administrative rules, the code of works and buildings, and the urban-environmental zoning. It is expected that this observation can support public policies for urban regularization and promotion of better living conditions for present and future generations, in this and other municipalities of the semi-arid region. Keywords: Urbanization. Statute of cities. Master plan. Ibimirim. Resumen El crecimiento urbano desorganizado y no planificado ha contribuido para la generación de varios problemas socioeconómicos y ambientales, incluso en pequeñas ciudades ubicadas en la región semiárida del noreste de Brasil. El objetivo de este estudio fue verificar las ineficiencias y los desafíos que guían la implantación del Plan Maestro Participativo del municipio de Ibimirim, estado de Pernambuco. El estudio en evidencia es descriptivo y exploratorio, complementado, para lograr los resultados propuestos, por el método de observación. Se realizaron revisiones documentales y observaciones directas de campo. Se encontró que el plan maestro está compuesto por ejes y que algunas normas no se cumplen de acuerdo con la legislación vigente. El municipio no ha revisado su Plan Maestro desde 2006 y no hay inspección en los edificios, debido a la ausencia de instrumentos como las normas administrativas municipales, el código de obras y edificios y la zonificación urbano-ambiental. Se espera que esta observación pueda apoyar las políticas públicas para una regulación urbana y la promoción de mejores condiciones de vida para las generaciones presentes y futuras, en este y en otros municipios de la región semiárida. Palabras-clave: Urbanización. Estatuto de las ciudades. Plan maestro. Ibimirim.


2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidnei Cerqueira Dos Santos ◽  
Lidiane Karla Xisto Oliveira ◽  
Suikinai Nobre Santos ◽  
Narah Pinheiro Cabral Santos ◽  
Cristina M. Quintella ◽  
...  

The aim of this study was to select biosurfactant-producing bacterial strains from soils of plants in the semi-arid region of the state of Bahia, Brazil. The mineral salt medium (MSM) was used as base medium, changes being made in the glucose concentration, temperature, and pH during the optimization process. Two biosurfactant-producing bacterial strains were isolated from the soil of Actinocephalus sp. and belonged to the genus Pseudomonas. The emulsification indexes of these strains rose until 58%. They reduced surface and interfacial tensions of culture medium and crude oil to less than 33 mN/m and 3 mN/m, respectively. This study represented an unprecedented discovery of surfactant activity of the bacterial strains isolated from rhizospheric soils of plants from Northeast Brazilian semi-arid region.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Alexandre Gori Maia ◽  
Rodrigo Lanna Franco da Silveira ◽  
Camila Veneo Campos Fonseca ◽  
Jennifer Burney ◽  
Daniele Cesano

Author(s):  
Takoua Ben Hlel ◽  
Feten Belhadj ◽  
Fatih Gül ◽  
Muhammed Altun ◽  
Ayşe Şahin Yağlıoğlu ◽  
...  

Background:: Luffa cylindrica is a plant that is widely distributed in Africa and Asia and it can be grown in regions with tropical or subtropical climates. Few patents dealt with Loofah biological properties, including some functional foods formulated from its leaves. Objective:: This study aimed to structurally and functionally characterize the bioactive compounds of L. cylindrica leaves grown in two different environments. Methods:: The extracts of L. cylindrica leaves collected from two Tunisian locations: Essouasi (LE), a semi-arid region and Medenine (LM) an arid region, were investigated for their phenolic compounds and fatty acids using HPLC/TOF-MS and GCMS techniques respectively. Furthermore, the antioxidant capacity was evaluated with DPPH, Chelating effect, Hydroxyl radical and Superoxide anion scavenging activities while the anticancer activity against HeLa cell lines was assessed using xCELLigence real time cell analyzer and lactate dehydrogenase cytotoxicity assay. Results:: The antiproliferative capacity of both extracts was time and dose-dependent with LE presenting the lowest HeLa cell index (CI = 0.035 ± 0.018, 250 μg/ml). LE also showed the best cytotoxic capacity (56.49 ± 0.8%) and antioxidant potential (IC50 = 54.41 ± 1.12 μg/ml for DPPH and 12.12 ± 0.07 μg/ml for chelating effet). 14 phenolic compounds were detected in LE with ferulic acid being the major compound (5128.5 ± 4.09 μg Phenols/g) while LM had only 6 phenolics. GCMS analysis showed the presence of omega-3 fatty acids in LE. Conclusions:: Our findings suggest that L. cylindrica leaves, especially when collected from semi-arid regions, are promising for formulating nutraceuticals of interest.


2021 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. e00367
Author(s):  
Patrick Filippi ◽  
Stephen R. Cattle ◽  
Matthew J. Pringle ◽  
Thomas F.A. Bishop

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 927
Author(s):  
Jamshad Hussain ◽  
Tasneem Khaliq ◽  
Muhammad Habib ur Rahman ◽  
Asmat Ullah ◽  
Ishfaq Ahmed ◽  
...  

Rising temperature from climate change is the most threatening factor worldwide for crop production. Sustainable wheat production is a challenge due to climate change and variability, which is ultimately a serious threat to food security in Pakistan. A series of field experiments were conducted during seasons 2013–2014 and 2014–2015 in the semi-arid (Faisalabad) and arid (Layyah) regions of Punjab-Pakistan. Three spring wheat genotypes were evaluated under eleven sowing dates from 16 October to 16 March, with an interval of 14–16 days in the two regions. Data for the model calibration and evaluation were collected from field experiments following the standard procedures and protocols. The grain yield under future climate scenarios was simulated by using a well-calibrated CERES-wheat model included in DSSAT v4.7. Future (2051–2100) and baseline (1980–2015) climatic data were simulated using 29 global circulation models (GCMs) under representative concentration pathway (RCP) 8.5. These GCMs were distributed among five quadrants of climatic conditions (Hot/Wet, Hot/Dry, Cool/Dry, Cool/Wet, and Middle) by a stretched distribution approach based on temperature and rainfall change. A maximum of ten GCMs predicted the chances of Middle climatic conditions during the second half of the century (2051–2100). The average temperature during the wheat season in a semi-arid region and arid region would increase by 3.52 °C and 3.84 °C, respectively, under Middle climatic conditions using the RCP 8.5 scenario during the second half-century. The simulated grain yield was reduced by 23.5% in the semi-arid region and 35.45% in the arid region under Middle climatic conditions (scenario). Mean seasonal temperature (MST) of sowing dates ranged from 16 to 27.3 °C, while the mean temperature from the heading to maturity (MTHM) stage was varying between 12.9 to 30.4 °C. Coefficients of determination (R2) between wheat morphology parameters and temperature were highly significant, with a range of 0.84–0.96. Impacts of temperature on wheat sown on 15 March were found to be as severe as to exterminate the crop before heading. The spikes and spikelets were not formed under a mean seasonal temperature higher than 25.5 °C. In a nutshell, elevated temperature (3–4 °C) till the end-century can reduce grain yield by about 30% in semi-arid and arid regions of Pakistan. These findings are crucial for growers and especially for policymakers to decide on sustainable wheat production for food security in the region.


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