Efficiency of various measures of persistency of milk yield in Sahiwal cattle

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shobhana Kaushal ◽  
R. S. Gandhi ◽  
Avtar Singh ◽  
M. V. Chaudhari ◽  
Ved Prakash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Lactation Curve ◽  
National Dairy Research Institute ◽  
Curve Model ◽  
Sahiwal Cattle ◽  
Sahiwal Cows ◽  
Dairy Research ◽  
Research Institute

The first lactation production records of 351 Sahiwal cows maintained at National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal over a period of 52 years (1961-2012) were used to estimate the persistency measures using different methods viz. Rao and Sundaresan method, 1982 (P<sub>1</sub>), P<sub>TOMAX2</sub> (P<sub>2</sub>), P<sub>TOMAX3</sub> (P<sub>3</sub>), P<sub>SD2</sub> (P<sub>4</sub>), P<sub>SD3</sub> (P<sub>5</sub>), P<sub>YV</sub> (P<sub>6</sub>) and Wood's function (P<sub>7</sub>). The average persistency of milk yield estimated by above different methods viz. was 194±1.10, 145.10±0.81, 156.71±1.01, 2.29±0.04, 2.20±0.03, 1.00±0.03 and 0.14±0.02, respectively. The T<sub>OMAX2</sub> method was found to be most efficient out of all ratio methods and P<sub>SD3</sub> method was observed to be most efficient amongst variation of yields method. However, mathematical lactation curve model was found to be least efficient as compared to other methods for estimation of persistency.

Evaluation of bull fertility of Sahiwal breeding bulls

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. C. Naha ◽  
A. K. Chakravarty ◽  
M. A. Mir ◽  
M. Bhakat ◽  
A. P. Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conception Rate ◽  
National Dairy Research Institute ◽  
Sire Conception Rate ◽  
Dairy Research ◽  
Research Institute

In the present investigation, bull fertility of Sahiwal breeding bulls has been studied. The study was conducted on records of 43 Sahiwal bulls maintained under 8 sets of Sahiwal breeding project at ICAR- National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal (India). The data on bull fertility of Sahiwal breeding bulls during 27 years (1987-2013) were analysed. The presented study revealed that the average conception rate based on first AI and overall conception rate of Sahiwal breeding bulls were estimated as 45.95% and 46.38 %. Average sire conception rate of Sahiwal breeding bulls range from – 2% to + 3% and – 2% to + 4 % for conception rate based on first AI and overall conception rate. It has been observed that the average conception rate based on first AI was lower as compare to overall conception rate and higher conception rate of Sahiwal breeding bulls is having higher sire conception rate.

Effect of non-genetic factors on age at first freezing and age at first use in Murrah bulls

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsin Ayoub Mir ◽  
A. K. Chakravarty ◽  
B. C. Naha ◽  
V. Jamuna ◽  
Dinesh M. Maher
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Linear Model ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
National Dairy Research Institute ◽  
Reproduction Traits ◽  
Network Project ◽  
Dairy Research ◽  
Research Institute

In present investigation, the effect of non-genetic factors on age at first freezing and age at first use in Murrah breeding bulls has been studied. The data on reproduction traits of 57 Murrah bulls under NDRI (National Dairy Research Institute) centre belonging to 14 sets of Network Project on Buffalo Improvement at ICAR-NDRI, Karnal (Haryana), India during 20 years (1993-2013) were analysed using fixed linear model. The data were classified into various sub-classes for season of freezing and use, period of freezing and use, parity, stages of lactation and age groups of buffalo for age at first freezing and age at first use of Murrah breeding bulls. The average age at first freezing and use of Murrah bulls was estimated as 3.46 ± 0.08 years and 4.05 ± 0.13 years with the coefficient of variation of 14.43 % and 12.27%. The overall least-squares means for age at first freezing of Murrah bulls was estimated as 3.38 ± 0.01 years. Period and season of freezing had significant effect (P

scholarly journals Modelling of the lactation curve of grazing Mongolian mare

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-71
Author(s):  
Sandagdorj Badrakh ◽  
Baigalmaa Tserenpil ◽  
Burenjargal Sedkhuu ◽  
Nyam-Osor Purevdorj
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Linear Quadratic ◽  
Quartic Curve ◽  
Lactation Curve ◽  
Total Milk ◽  
Curve Model ◽  
Composition Curve ◽  
Best Fit

Current research was performed to determine the yield and composition of milk during entire lactation period, which lasts June to February of following year and describe fit of lactation curve using different mathematical models. Total 8 mares, aged from 5 to 12 years were used in the study. The total milk yield, calculated by Fleischmann's method, as well as the models were various and shape of curves for Linear, Quadratic, Cubic, and Quartic equations, and Wood's curve were different. The determination index (R2) of the milk yield and composition curve models ranged from 0.474-0.987, and R2 of Quartic curve model for milk yield (0.987) was the highest. Study result showed that the above models were able to describe the lactation curve of the milk yield and composition, and the Quartic model best fit to data collected from Mongolian mare and allowed a suitable description of the shape and dynamics of curve. Бэлчээрийн маллагаатай Монгол гүүний лактацын муруйн загварчлал Монгол гүүний саалийн нийт хугацаанд буюу VI сараас дараа жилийн III сар хүртэл саамны гарц, найрлагын хэмжээг үндэслэн математик загваруудаар лактацын муруй байгуулах, монгол гүүний лактацын муруйд хамгийн нийцэл сайтай загварыг сонгон тодорхойлох зорилгоор энэхүү ажлыг хийж гүйцэтгэлээ. Судалгаанд 5-12 насны 8 гүүг ашиглав. Сүүний нийт гарц, найрлагын хэмжээг Вүүд (Wood’s)-ын загвар болон шугаман, шугаман бус регрессын тэгшитгэлээр загварчлахад лактацын муруйн загварууд харилцан адилгүй байв. Саамны гарц, найрлагын муруйн загваруудын детерминацийн индекс (R2) нь 0.474-0.987-ийн хооронд хэлбэлзэж, биквадрат загварын хувьд хамгийн нийцэл өндөр буюу 0.987 байв. Судалгааны үр дүнд дээрх аргуудаар саамны гарц, найрлагын лактацын муруйг загварчлах боломжтой нь харагдаж байсан ба эдгээрээс биквадрат тэгшитгэлийн загвар нь  бэлчээрийн маллагаатай монгол гүүний саамны өгөгдөлтэй хамгийн сайн нийцэж, лактацын муруйн хэлбэр, хөдлөлзүйн хувьд тохирч байв.   Түлхүүр үг: саамны гарц, саамны найрлага, лактацын муруй  

103 OVIDUCTAL SECRETORY PROTEINS AS MEDIA SUPPLEMENT FOR IN VITRO EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT IN CATTLE

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
S. K. Das ◽  
A. K. Sharma ◽  
V. Bhatia ◽  
A. K. Mohanty
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Development ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Secretory Proteins ◽  
Cleavage Rate ◽  
Exchange Column ◽  
Diethylaminoethyl Cellulose ◽  
National Dairy Research Institute ◽  
Dairy Research ◽  
Research Institute

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of oviducal secretory proteins (cOSP) as a media supplement on in vitro embryo development in cattle. Oviducal secretory proteins were collected from slaughterhouse oviducts by repeated freeze–thaw process and purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation (30%, 40%, 50% and 60%) followed by dialysis in 50 mM tris-HCl (pH 7.0) buffer. Dialyzed products were further purified by SP Sephadex cation exchange column and diethylaminoethyl cellulose (DEAE) anion exchange column, extensively washed and eluted by 50 mM tris-HCl (pH 7.0) containing 1.5 M NaCl. Both bound and unbound proteins were collected separately, dialyzed in phosphate buffer saline and quantified. Presence of protein was confirmed by running sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS–PAGE) and OSP bands between ∼66 kD to ∼97 kD were found. The pooled purified cOSP were used as a media supplement in 3 different concentrations (0, 10, 50 and 100 μg mL–1) for in vitro production (n = 3) of cattle embryos. Cumulus–oocyte complexes (n = 370) were collected from slaughterhouse ovaries, washed thoroughly and cultured in maturation media for 24 h in 5% CO2 at 38.5°C with maximum humidity. In vitro-matured oocytes were fertilized with in vitro capacitated sperm in Fert-BO media at 38.5°C in 5% CO2. After 16 to 18 h, oocytes were washed and cultured in embryo development media for cleavage. After 40 to 42 h, cleavage was observed and embryos were transferred into the replacement media for further development. A total of 68.42%, 69.31%, 61.82% and 41.67% cleavage rate and 15.38%, 21.31%, 14.70% and 15.0% blastocyst rate was observed at concentrations of 0, 10, 50 and 100 μg mL–1, respectively. These results indicate that addition of cOSP at 10 μg mL–1 increased blastocyst formation significantly (P < 0.05) compared with 0, 50 and 100 μg mL–1 and increased cleavage rate significantly (P < 0.05) compared with 50 and 100 μg mL–1. The authors acknowledge sincere thanks to the Director, Joint Director (Research), National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal and Incharge, Eastern Regional Station, National Dairy Research Institute, Kalyani, for providing the necessary facilities to carry out the work.

Influence of environment and heredity on the shape of lactation curves in Sahiwal cows

1979 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 393-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. Rao ◽  
D. Sundaresan
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Gamma Function ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Gangetic Plains ◽  
Northern India ◽  
Lactation Length ◽  
Service Period ◽  
Lactation Curve ◽  
Sahiwal Cows ◽  
Genetic And Phenotypic Correlations

SummaryThe shape of the lactation curve of Sahiwal cows was estimated by fitting a gamma function to 2034 lactations made by 681 cows at two farms in Indo-Gangetic plains of Northern India. The persistency of lactation yield was estimated by three methods: P1, the coefficient of variation among weekly yields; P2, ratio of lactation yield to peak yield, and P3, from the gamma function.The gamma function fitted to the weekly yields explained 75·9% of the variation. A least-squares analysis of different traits associated with lactation curve shape indicated significant influence of parity, period and season of calving on the lactation curve. The lactation yield, peak yield and daily yield up to the peak were highest for winter calvers, while persistency was highest for monsoon calvers. The milk yield traits showed an increase up to the second or third lactation, while the persistency decreased from the first to eighth lactation with increase in parity order. The lactation curve was also more flat in the first lactation than later. The lactation yield and persistency increased with increase in age at calving independent of parity order. The lactation yield, peak yield, persistency and daily yield up to the peak were positively correlated with service period, lactation length and calving interval.The heritability and repeatability estimates of different traits, genetic and phenotypic correlations of lactation milk yield with different persistency measures indicated that P2 is a better measure of persistency. The peak yield could be used as a criterion of selection in early lactation to bring about improvement in lactation yield and persistency.

Effect of dose and time of atrazine application on weed infestation and yield of fodder sorghum

1986 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 449-451
Author(s):  
A. S. Harika ◽  
P. S. Tomer ◽  
T. K. Ganguly
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
National Dairy Research Institute ◽  
Phytotoxic Effect ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
Dairy Research ◽  
Research Institute

SummaryA field experiment comprising four rates of application of atrazine (0·25, 0·50, 0·75 and 1·0 kg/ha), three times of application (pre-emergence, 10 days after emergence and 20 days after emergence) and two additional treatments of unweeded and weedfree-crop was conducted at the National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal during the rainy seasons of 1979 and 1981. Application of atrazine at 0·25 and 0·5 kg/ha preemergence and 10 days after emergence gave effective control of weeds and resulted in green and dry fodder yields of sorghum similar to weed-free conditions. It was noted that pre-emergence application of the atrazine at 1·0 kg/ha showed a phytotoxic effect on sorghum and resulted in significant reduction in green and dry fodder yields compared with 0·5 kg atrazine/ha.

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