Effects of lactation month and season on test-day milkyield and milk components in Holstein cows

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ertugrul Kul ◽  
Özden Çobanoglu ◽  
Eser Kemal Gurcan ◽  
Soner Çankaya ◽  
Samet Hasan Abaci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Milk Components ◽  
Fat Yield ◽  
Sampling Season ◽  
Holstein Dairy Cows

This study aims to determine the correlations between the test-day milk yield (TDMY) and the fat and protein content as well as the fat and protein yields in Holstein dairy cows and to investigate the effects of lactation period and sampling season on these parameters. The study material consists of 1.380 records of a total of 151 head of Holstein dairy cows raised on a private farm in Samsun province. In the study, the mean TDMY, fat content, protein content, fat yield and protein yield were recorded as 20.6±5.10 kg, 3.97±0.734%, 3.23±0.276%, 0.81±0.210 kg and 0.66±0.160 kg, respectively. The effects of lactation period and sampling season on the TDMY, fat content, protein content, fat yield and protein yield were found statistically significant (Pis less than 0.01). Statistically significant negative correlations were determined between the TDMY and the fat and protein content, but positive and statistically significant (Pis less than 0.01) correlations between the TDMY and the fat and protein yields. In conclusion, it might be stated that the effects of lactation period and sampling season should also be taken into account to improve milk yield and milk components.

The effects of abomasal infusions of glucose or casein on milk yield and on some blood constituents of dairy cows in early and late lactations

1984 ◽  
Vol 1984 ◽  
pp. 73-73
Author(s):  
L. Istasse ◽  
E.R. Ørskov
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Blood Constituents ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Abomasal Infusion ◽  
Fat Yield

Abomasal infusion of casein has been shown to increase the milk yield, fat yield, protein content and protein yield while no clear-cut effects were observed with infusion of glucose (Ørskov, Grubb and Kay, 1977 and confirmed by Oldham, Bines and MacRae, 1983). Little information is available about the changes in blood parameters with abomasal infusion of glucose or casein. The objective of the present experiments was to relate changes in milk production to blood parameters in dairy cows given casein or glucose as an infusion into the abomasum during early or late lactation.

EFFICIENCY OF IMPORTED COWS LIFETIME USE

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 49-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. P. Oleshko
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
The Third ◽  
Coefficient Of Variability ◽  
Fat Yield ◽  
Economic Use ◽  
Selection Of

The study was conducted in high productive herd of Holstein breed in JV "Agrosvit" Myronivka district, Kyiv region by retrospective analysis of the primary materials of zootechnical and pedigree records. The research involved analysis of data about 78 cows imported from Hungary to the farm in 2000 and 2003 and the first calving was during 2002-2004 and 117 cows imported from Denmark in 2005, the first calving was during 2005-2006. In comparison to the imported cows, contemporaries of local reproduction were selected based on respective years of the first calving (n = 409). The selection of animals and computing performance were conducted by the method of Polupan Yu. (2010). The aim of the research was a comparative study of economic use duration and lifetime performance of the imported Holstein cows. Analysis of milk production during lactation showed high milk yield during the first lactation (7315-7688 kg) in the imported animals at this farm. A slight decrease in yields by 3.4-5.1% (to 6939-7426 kg) was observed to the third lactation This downward trend in milk yield of cows with age does not match the physiological capabilities of animals. No significant difference (P ˃ 0.05) in fat content of milk also was found with its tendency to increase by 0.08-0.22% with age. For the third lactation fat content in milk was 0.13% (P ˃ 0.05) higher for the cows imported from Denmark. Predominance in protein content of milk (P ˃ 0.05) was in the imported cows from Hungary on average values within 3.34-3.42%. This figure declined with age from 3.3% to 3.1% in the cows from Denmark. Significant differences were not revealed in comparing milk productivity of cows imported from Denmark with performance of their contemporaries of native origin. Difference in milk yield did not exceed 6.6%, fat yield – 5.8% and protein yield – 6.8% (P ˃ 0.05). The fat and protein content in the milk of cows in the compared groups was at the same level within 3.1-3.3%. Similar comparison of Holstein cows imported from Hungary and their contemporaries of native origin had slightly different results. The predominance in milk yield during the first lactation was noted for the local cows by 4%, fat content in milk – by 0.04% and protein content – by 0.1%, fat yield – by 5.4% and protein yield – by 7.1 %. Milk yield during the third lactation was significantly higher for imported livestock by 13.5% (1000 kg), fat content – by 0.04% and protein content – by 0.08%, fat yield – by 15%, protein yield – by10% at P ˃ 0,05. The research of duration and efficiency of economic use found slightly higher levels of lifetime measures of the imported cows from Denmark (R ˃ 0.05). In the calculation of milk yield per a day of life, economic use and lactation slight advantage (P ˃ 0.05) also was noted for the imported cows (by 0.6, 2.2 and 1.9 kg). The numbers of lactations and calves obtained from the cows were within 2.4-2.7 and 3.4-3.5 respectively. A similar slight predominance (P ˃ 0,05) of the animals imported from Denmark was for coefficients of economic use (by 6.5%), lactation (by 1.8%) and productive use (3.5%). A slightly different situation was observed in comparing the lifetime measures of the cows imported from Hungary with their contemporaries. In these groups of animals, small and insignificant predominance was in all the studied traits (P ˃ 0.05) recorded for local contemporaries. Lifetime milk yield was 2.641 kg lower, so fat yield was 73 kg less and protein yield – 64 kg less. Lifetime fat and protein content in milk was within 3.69-3.70% and 3.35-3.36% on average, respectively. Milk yield per a day of life, economic use and lactation in the both groups was almost at the same level (9.1-9.7, 16.2-16.7 and 20.2-20.6 kg respectively). On average in the both groups during lifetime of cows 3.5-3.8 calves were received and number of lactations was within 2.9-3.2. Coefficients of economic use, lactation and productive use were 0.5, 2.4 and 6.0% lower respectively in the cattle imported from Hungary as compared to the local contemporaries. Coefficient of variability of lifetime measures averages for the imported cows was to 66.6%. Coefficient of variability of average fat and protein content in milk during lifetime (1.9-2.9%) indicated high consolidation of the traits. High variability of lifetime measures confirms significant opportunities for selection of cows on these traits. Consequently, Holstein cattle imported from Hungary and Denmark showed satisfactory adaptive ability under condition of "Agrosvit" breeding farm that provided high milk yield (7315-7688 kg) during the first lactation with small (by 3.4-5.1%) reduction in yields during the third (to 6939-7426 kg). Fat content in milk was 3.64-3.86% and increased by 0.08-0.22% with age. The protein content in milk fluctuated within 3.30-3.42%. There was no difference in comparing milk productivity of imported Holstein cows and their local contemporaries. The difference in all cases is insignificant. The revealed tendency of higher productive performance is in favour of livestock imported from Denmark. The same traits in cattle from Hungary were slightly lower. Average lifetime measures at the imported animals from Denmark were slightly higher and insignificant (P ˃ 0.05) compared to local contemporaries. And the same averages at the cattle imported from Hungary were slightly lower and insignificant. High coefficients of variability of the studied traits were found that would allow intensive selection of cows and to create herds with high productivity and long-term economic use.

scholarly journals Variability and heritability of milk traits of Holstein-Frisian bull dams and their progeny

Genetika ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 243-251
Author(s):  
Marina Lazarevic ◽  
Dragan Stanojevic ◽  
Vladan Bogdanovic ◽  
Vlada Pantelic ◽  
Nevena Maksimovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Milk Traits ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Fat Yield ◽  
Calving Season ◽  
The Impact

The research was performed on Holstein-Friesian and Black and White bull dams reared on five farms of Agricultural Corporation of Belgrade - PKB. The study included 575 lactations of cows selected as bull dams and their progeny calved in the period from 2007 - 2014 and represent progeny of 24 bulls. The following dairy traits were analysed in a standard lactation (305 days): milk yield (kg) - MY, milk fat content (%) - % MF, milk fat yield (kg) - MFY, protein content (%) - % PC and protein yield (kg) - PY. Holstein-Friesian bull dams and their progeny, in standard lactation, produced on average 9239.84 ? 1607.64 kg of milk, with a milk fat content of 3.44 ? 0.20 and protein content of 3.21 ? 0.12. The impact of bull - sire, year of birth, lactation order, farm, year and calving season was present at different levels of statistical significance on yield traits, while the genetic group had no influence on any of the milk traits. Bull - sire, year of birth, lactation order and calving season did not influence the variability of milk fat and protein content. Heritability of observed milk traits was medium to low. The content of milk fat and protein had the lowest values of heritability, 0.014, and 0.024, respectively. The heritability of milk yield, milk fat yield and protein yield was 0.293, 0.319 and 0.273, respectively.

COMPARATIVE DESCRIPTION OF MILK PRODUCTIVITY OF COWS UKRAINIAN RED-AND-WHITE DAIRY CATTLE AND UKRAINIAN BLACK-AND-WHITE DAIRY CATTLE AND HOLSTEIN BREEDS IN SERF «OLEKSANDRIVSKE»

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 6-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. V. Gladiy ◽  
G. S. Kovalenko ◽  
S. V. Priyma ◽  
G. A. Holyosa ◽  
A. V. Tuchyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
The Third ◽  
Fat Yield ◽  
Selection Of

The main goal of dairy breeds selection should be improving breeding and productive qualities of animals under modern conditions. The majority of farms, using native breeds to produce milk, has created optimal conditions for keeping and feeding, selection and matching, growing of replacements etc. Further improvement of created native dairy breeds for economically useful traits occurs at total use of purebred Holstein bulls (semen) of foreign selection. In order to realistically assess milk productivity (milk yield, fat content in milk and fat yield) of Ukrainian Black-and-White and Red-and-White Dairy cows should be conducted a comparative analysis of Holstein cows under the same conditions of feeding and keeping. It was established that Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy cows were characterized by the highest milk yields for 305 days of all lactations, taken into account, the among three investigated breeds. Their milk yield during the first lactation was 5933 kg of milk, during the second – 6393 kg, the third – 6391 kg and during higher lactation – 6650 kg. Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy cows were second by milk yield (except for the second lactation), during the first lactation – 5932 kg of milk, the third – 6462 kg and higher – 6541 kg, and Holstein cows were third, during the first lactation – 5794 kg of milk, the second – 6381 kg, the third – 6335 kg and higher – 6469 kg. The fat content was almost the same and varied within 3.49-3.58% in milk of Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy cattle, 3.50-3.60% in milk of Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy cattle and 3.50-3.56% in Holsteins’ milk. The difference between the breeds was within 0.01-0.04%. All the investigated breeds had predominance in fat yield for three lactations over standards of these breeds: Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy cows from 75.1 to 93.4 kg, Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy cows – 75.1-89.0 kg respectively and Holstein cows – 41.9-60.2 kg. It was found different level of positive correlation between milk yield and fat yield in all the cases and high correlation (r = 0.604-0.921, P < 0.001) in five cases (41.7%) Negative correlation coefficients indicate that selection of animals to higher milk yield in the herd will decrease the second trait – fat content in milk. Positive and highly significant correlation between milk yield and fat yield indicates that selection of cows in the herd to higher milk yields will increase fat yield. It was revealed that bulls were among the factors impacted the milk productivity (milk yield, fat content, fat yield) of three investigated breeds. So, the force (η²x) of father’s impact on milk yield was15.4-47.9%, fat content – 22.0-43.4% and fat yield – 14.9-47.7% taking into account a lactation and a breed. The force of lines impact (η²x) was second; it was on milk yield 6.1-24.5%, fat content – 4.1-17.1 and fat yield – 5.8-23.5%. The force of breeds impact (η²x) was last; it was on milk yield 0.3-2.9%, fat content – 0.2-0.3% and fat yield – 0.6-2.7%. So, the comparative studies of milk productivity of Ukrainian Red-and-White and Black-and-White Dairy cattle with Holsteins indicate that under similar conditions of feeding and keeping, these native breeds can compete with Holstein cattle. The milk yield for 305 days of higher lactation was 6650 kg of milk in Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy cows, 6541 kg in Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy cows and 6469 kg in Holsteins. It was found the inverse correlation r = -0.025-0.316 between milk yield and fat content in milk in most cases. Selection and matching of animals in the herd should be carried out simultaneously on these traits. It was found positive repeatability of milk yields between the first and second, the third and higher lactations (rs = 0.036-0.741), indicating the reliability of forecasting increase in milk productivity during the next lactations in all herd. Bulls have the greatest impact (η²x) on milk productivity among the factors taken into account: milk yield – 15.4-47.9%, fat content in milk – 22.0-43.4% and fat yield – 14.9-47.7%.

Prediction of the yields of milk constituents in dairy cows offered silage ad libitum and concentrates at a flat rate

1992 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Rook ◽  
J. D. Sutton ◽  
J. France
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Flat Rate ◽  
Lactose Concentration ◽  
Total Milk ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Fat Yield ◽  
Highly Correlated

AbstractIndividually recorded milk yields, yields and concentrations of milk components, food intakes and live weights of multiparous dairy cows given silage ad libitum and concentrates at a flat rate in weeks 4 to 13 of lactation and data for silage and concentrate composition from experiments conducted at four sites, were used to obtain simple correlations and multiple linear regressions of yields and concentrations of milk constituents on other variables.Simple correlations between yields and concentrations and other variables were low. Yield terms were most highly correlated with intake terms. Milk fat concentration was most highly correlated with silage fibre concentration. Milk protein concentration was most highly correlated with digestible energy intake. The best multiple regression models including time effects accounted proportionately for 0·35 of the variation in fat yield, 0·51 in protein yield, 0·55 in lactose yield, 0·39 in total milk yield, 0·19 in fat concentration, 043 in protein concentration and 0·19 in lactose concentration. Most of these models included terms for silage intake and cow live weight which are not generally available on farms. More practical models including fewer independent variates were therefore produced. These models accounted proportionately for 0·33 of the variation in fat yield, 048 in protein yield, 0·50 in lactose yield, 0·32 in total milk yield, 0·19 in fat concentration, 0·40 in protein concentration and 0·17 in lactose concentration.

scholarly journals The influence of number of lactation on milk yield parameters in German fawn goats

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 1469-1475 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Krajinovic ◽  
I. Pihler ◽  
V. Simin ◽  
A. Jocic ◽  
S. Nicin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
The Third ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Fat Yield ◽  
Growing Conditions

Goat breeding is one of the least developed agricultural sectors in Serbia. This is reflected in the fact that the total number of goats in Serbia is less than 200,000, as well as the fact that no goat milk production has been recorded by the statistics. Over the last decade, there has been great interest of breeders for intensive breeding of highly productive goats, which resulted in imports of breeding goats. In the same period, several herds of the Alpine breed and German fawn goats were formed, while their production results in the growing conditions in our country have not been fully studied yet. During the first three lactations in the period 2003-2009, the following parameters of milk yield were studied: length of lactation, milk yield in one lactation, percentage and the milk fat yield, and percentage and the total protein yield. The average lactation period was 247 days for the first, 260.6 days for the second and 266.8 days for the third lactation. The average of milk yielded was constantly increasing from the first (594.51 kg) towards the third lactation (761.96 kg), showing statistically highly significant differences (P<0,001). What was also observed is that the order of lactation has not significantly affected the percentage of proteins in milk, whereas the total protein yield in lactations was influenced by the order of lactation due to the differences in average milk yield in lactations.

scholarly journals TECHNOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF SOYBEAN SEED QUALITY DEPENDING ON THE VARIETY

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
V. V. Liubych
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Soybean Variety ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Fat Yield

The biochemical component (protein content and fat content) of soybean seed, yield and fat and protein yield significantly depends on weather conditions and variety. It was found that the protein content in soybean seed, on average over two years of research on new varieties can vary from 36.1 to 44.4 %. Khana, Lenka and Alaska varieties have the highest protein content in soybean seed – 43.4–44.4 %. Protein content significantly depends on the weather conditions of the study year. Thus, soybean varieties of Kofu, Siberia, Volta, Asuka, Arisa, Khana, Lenka and Alaska, grown in 2020, have this figure 10–19 % higher than in 2019. In the seeds of Nordica, Carra, Kyoto, Ezra, Amadeus and Taurus soybean varieties, the protein content is 4–10 % lower. On average, over two years of research, the fat content in soybean seeds varies from 18.9 to 21.7 % depending on the variety. Only three out of 14 soybean varieties have the fat content ≤ 20.0 % – Khana, Alaska, Arisa. In seeds of other varieties, this figure is ≥ 20 %. Weather conditions reduce the fat content in the seeds by 7–20 % depending on the variety. Studies have shown that soybean seed yields vary significantly depending on the soybean variety. Thus, on average over two years of research, this figure varies from 1.30 t/ha in Amadeus variety to 1.88 t/ha in Siberia one. The highest yields (≥ 1.70 t/ha) were formed by Arisa, Volta and Siberia varieties. However, this figure varies greatly depending on the weather conditions of the study year. Thus, in a more favourable 2019, the yield is from 1.65 to 2.41 t/ ha, depending on the soybean variety. Moisture deficiency and small reserves of moisture in the deeper layers of the soil reduce seed yield from 0.95 to 1.35 t/ha or by 1.7–3.7 times, depending on the soybean variety. Two soybean varieties (Arisa, Siberia) have the highest protein yield at the level of 706–721 kg/ha. The highest fat yield was obtained by Siberia growing – 415 kg/ha. Under the conditions of the Right Bank forest-steppe, for stable formation of high protein yield in different weather conditions, it is necessary to grow Arisa soybean variety which has high protein content and high seed yield, and Alaska variety which has high protein content in seeds. In addition, in the best hydration years it is able to form a high fat yield. Volta, Asuka, Khana and Lenka varieties should be grown in years with sufficient moisture, as they provide the highest protein yield. These varieties should also be grown to obtain a high fat yield under the best moisture conditions. Siberia soybean should be used to produce fat in different weather conditions

Palmitic acid-enriched fat supplementation alleviates negative production responses during early lactation of Holstein dairy cows

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (13) ◽  
pp. 1598
Author(s):  
Hani M. El-Zaiat ◽  
Dyaaeldin Mohamed ◽  
Sobhy M. Sallam
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Condition Score

Effects of rumen-protected fat (RPF) on suppressing the negative performance responses in early lactation period of Holstein dairy cows were investigated. Three hundred multiparous Holstein cows (647 ± 16 kg bodyweight and 90 days in milk (DIM)) were randomly housed into three free-stall barns (100 cows per barn) and assigned to the treatments for 90 days, as follows: (1) control (CTL) diet without RPF; (2) calcium salt of palm fatty acids (CaFA) 30 g/kg DM, and (3) fractionated fatty acids of palm oil (FFA) 25 g/kg DM. Cows were fed total mixed ration containing 580 g of concentrate and 420 g of roughage per kilogram DM. Cows fed FFA exhibited a higher (P &lt; 0.05) DM intake and body condition score than did those fed CaFA or CTL diets respectively. Moreover, cows fed the FFA diet showed decreased (P &lt; 0.05) changes to bodyweight at 30 DIM and to body condition score at 60 DIM and increased digestibility of ether extract and neutral detergent fibre. Blood concentrations of triglycerides, cholesterol and glucose were higher (P &lt; 0.05) for cows fed FFA diet than for those fed the other diets, between 4 and 30 DIM, whereas concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids, β-hydroxybutyric acid and urine ketones were lower for cows fed RPF sources (P &lt; 0.05). Relative to CTL diet, CaFA and FFA diets increased (P &lt; 0.05) milk yield and milk fat content at 4–30 DIM. Feeding FFA improved feed efficiency by 8.9% (P = 0.006), between 31 and 60 DIM, compared with CaFA. Inclusion of a palmitic acid-enriched fat supplement in Holstein cow diet increased milk yield and fat content and mitigated the deleterious effects of metabolic disorders during the early lactation period.

scholarly journals PRODUKSI SUSU SAPI PERAH FRIESIAN HOLSTEIN (FH) PADA PERIODE LAKTASI YANG BERBEDA (Milk Production of Friesian Holstein (FH) Cows at Different Lactation Periods)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
Ali Mahmud ◽  
Woro Busono ◽  
Puguh Surjowardojo ◽  
Yuli Arif Tribudi
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Yield Production ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Peak Lactation ◽  
Daily Milk ◽  
Holstein Dairy Cows

This research was conducted in PT Greenfields Indonesia, Babadan Village, Ngajum Districts, Malang, East Java. The purpose of the study was to compare the milk production of FH (Friesian Holstein) dairy cows in various lactation periods. The material used in this research was data records of Australian FH, which have been developed in the Greenfields Indonesia farm. The data used were from 473 dairy cows, which consisted of 100 heads for each lactation period from the period I up to period IV and 73 heads for lactation period V. The variables measured were milk production 305 day 2X ME, daily milk yield production, peak day production, and the peak lactation. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance, and if the result showed differences, the analysis was continued using the Duncan test. The results showed that the increase in the lactation period significantly (P<0.01) decreased milk production and increased the duration of lactation peaks of FH cows. The highest milk production 305 day 2X ME was in the lactation period II, which was around 10232.90 ± 1036.62 kg/lactation or 32 ± 5.13 kg/day. In this period, the peak day in milk lactation was 71.5 ± 27.5 days, and the peak of milk production was 45.7 ± 4.1 kg/day. In conclusion, milk production increased from the first lactation period to the second lactation period and then decreased in subsequent periods. The peak of the first lactation period was reached longer, then falls in the second lactation period and then increases again at the following lactation period

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