scholarly journals Cow Welfare: Only Sustainable Gaushalas can ensure it

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajmer Singh ◽  
B.S. Chandel ◽  
A.K. Chauhan ◽  
M.L. Kamboj
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Type A ◽  
The State ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Sustainability Index ◽  
Welfare Level ◽  
Village Communities ◽  
Cow Welfare

Cow service occupies a very important place in the Indian psyche. The number of indigenous cows is continuously falling in India. They are released as soon as they become unviable to the owner. Due to this, the problem of stray animals starts to get deeper which is further deepened by the law on cow slaughter ban . Gaushalas are considered to be the best option for the management of ever-growing stray cattle. Even before this problem arose, gaushalas existed in India to protect and maintain the cow dynasty for decades. Since gaushalas have to maintain less remunerative animals and their primary purpose of establishment has been the welfare of the cow, they need to be self-sufficient. Thus, it is important that their level of sustainablility is studied so that those indicators that have room for improvement can be indentified. Therefore, this paper addresses various aspects related to the welfare level of cow in the state of Haryana. It was found that net income is higher in Type A (financially supported by village communities) and larger size . To study the Sustainablility, the Combined Sustainability Index (CSI) has been developed and is higher in large-sized gaushalas (0.41). The over all CSI was found to be 0.37, indicating low persistence of cowsheds in the study area. Animal welfare score were also measured and the correlation coefficient between welfarescore and CSI found more in Type A and larger sized.

scholarly journals Neoliberal State Intervention and the Power of Community in Urban Regeneration: An Empirical Study of Three Village Redevelopment Projects in Guangzhou, China

2021 ◽  
pp. 0739456X2199466
Author(s):  
Siu Wai Wong ◽  
Xingguang Chen ◽  
Bo-sin Tang ◽  
Jinlong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Community Building ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Urban Regeneration ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
The State ◽  
Village Communities ◽  
The City

A key theme in urban governance research is how neoliberalism reshapes the state–society relationship. Our study on Guangzhou, where urban regeneration through massive redevelopment of “villages-in-the-city” uncovered interactions between the state, market, and community in local governance, contributes to this debate. Based on intensive field research to analyze three projects, we find that what really controls neoliberal growth in China is not simply the authoritarian tradition of the socialist state but also the power of the indigenous village communities. Our findings suggest that state intervention for community building is vital for rebalancing power relations between the state, market, and community.

scholarly journals Precision Technologies to Address Dairy Cattle Welfare: Focus on Lameness, Mastitis and Body Condition

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2253
Author(s):  
Severiano R. Silva ◽  
José P. Araujo ◽  
Cristina Guedes ◽  
Flávio Silva ◽  
Mariana Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Economic Sustainability ◽  
Farm Animal Welfare ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Technological Support ◽  
Technological Tools ◽  
Cow Welfare ◽  
Time Assessment

Specific animal-based indicators that can be used to predict animal welfare have been the core of protocols for assessing the welfare of farm animals, such as those produced by the Welfare Quality project. At the same time, the contribution of technological tools for the accurate and real-time assessment of farm animal welfare is also evident. The solutions based on technological tools fit into the precision livestock farming (PLF) concept, which has improved productivity, economic sustainability, and animal welfare in dairy farms. PLF has been adopted recently; nevertheless, the need for technological support on farms is getting more and more attention and has translated into significant scientific contributions in various fields of the dairy industry, but with an emphasis on the health and welfare of the cows. This review aims to present the recent advances of PLF in dairy cow welfare, particularly in the assessment of lameness, mastitis, and body condition, which are among the most relevant animal-based indications for the welfare of cows. Finally, a discussion is presented on the possibility of integrating the information obtained by PLF into a welfare assessment framework.

Institutional variations in practice of demand responsive approach: evidence from rural water supply in India

Water Policy ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 650-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satyapriya Rout
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
The State ◽  
Indian Society ◽  
Institution Building ◽  
Rural Water Supply ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Rural Water ◽  
Village Communities

The paper reports the main findings of a study, designed to develop a better understanding of institutional variations in working with the demand responsive approach (DRA) in rural water supply in the state of Odisha in India. Data for the paper were collected from twelve village communities, where water is being supplied either through their community based institution or through the local government institution of the Gram Panchayat. The findings suggest that the two types of institutions performed differently in implementing the DRA. It depicted that the DRA under the broader rubric of institutional reforms in the water sector has failed to address the question of social inequality, and rather had reinforced and extended the already existing inequity of Indian society to access to safe and secure drinking water in rural areas. The study highlights that participation, cost recovery, full operation and management transfer may be an efficient proposition, but not sustainable in the long run without proper investment in institution building and support from the state, especially in provisioning of basic services like drinking water to rural poor.

Exophoria: clinical features, diagnosis, treatment. The modern view on the problem. Literature review

2021 ◽  
pp. 52-55
Author(s):  
O.A. Lipunova ◽  
◽  
I.L. Plisov ◽  
V.V. Cherhykh ◽  
N.G. Antsiferova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Type A ◽  
The State ◽  
Type A Pattern ◽  
Direct Gaze ◽  
Modern View ◽  
Convergence Insufficiency ◽  
Horizontal Type ◽  
Type V ◽  
Gaze Position

Purpose. Create a summary classification of exophoria. To propose an optimal algorithm for optometric and surgical methods of treatment. A modern view of the problem. It is optimal to subdivide exophoria according to the state of the vergent-duction balance into divergence excess, basic exophoria, convergence insufficiency, divergence pseudo-excess, lateral gaze incomitance. By the degree of compensation for compensated, subcompensated, uncompensated, decompensated. In combination with alphabetic pattern for exophoria without pattern, exophoria in combination with horizontal type A pattern, exophoria in combination with vertical type A pattern, exophoria in combination with horizontal type V pattern, exophoria in combination with vertical type V pattern. Features of optimal optical and prismatic correction depend on the state of the vergent-duction balance. In cases of exophoria without pattern surgical treatment is carried out during the transition from a state of subcompensation to non-compensation. In case of exophoria with horizontal-type alphabetical pattern, combined horizontal-transpositional surgery is optimal: elimination of exophoria, the protocol is based on the amount of deviation in the direct gaze position; elimination of the pattern, the protocol is based on vertical transposition of muscles of horizontal action. In cases of exophoria with vertical-type pattern, it is necessary to perform staged vertical-horizontal surgery: stage 1 – elimination of vertical heterotropy in adduction; stage 2 – elimination of exophoria (the protocol is based on the amount of deviation in the direct gaze position). Conclusions. The treatment protocol should be based on a reliably diagnosed diagnosis and consists at the pre-surgical stage in the optimal optical and prismatic correction, the appointment of orthopto-diplopto-prismatic treatment. The effectiveness of treatment is assessed by the dynamics of the disease: the magnitude of exodeviation and the stage of compensation. The protocol of surgical treatment must be reasonable and timely. Key words: exophoria, divergence excess, convergence insufficiency, basic exotropia, lateral gaze incomitance, alphabet pattern.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Laba Bersih dan Debt to Equity Ratio terhadap Dividen pada PT. Adaro Energy Tbk 2010 - 2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-84
Author(s):  
Septi Utami ◽  
Nor Norisanti ◽  
Faizal Mulya Z
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Multiple Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Debt Ratio ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Multiple Correlation ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
Equity Ratio ◽  
R Value ◽  
Moderate Relationship

The purpose of this study was to study the effect of net income and the Debt Ratio on Equity to Dividends at PT. Adaro Energy Tbk 2010-2017. The technique used in this study was purposive sampling. The population used in this study is the financial statements of PT. Adaro Energy Tbk, which is listed on the IDX. And the sample from financial statements is available for 32 periods (quarterly). The results of the determination coefficient test (R2) of 0.253 can be interpreted that the effect of Net Profit and Debt To Equity Ratio to Dividend is 25.3%. The remaining 74.4% is influenced by other factors not explained in this study. Based on the multiple correlation coefficient test seen from the R value of 0.503, indicating that there is a moderate relationship between Net Profit and Debt To Equity Ratio with Dividends. Based on the F test the probability value sig. 0.015 <0.05 which means that together the value of Net Profit (X1) and Debt To Equity Ratio (X2) have a significant effect on dividends (Y). Based on the t test shows that Net Profit (X1) does not significantly influence dividend (Y), Debt To Equity Ratio (X2) does not significantly influence dividend (Y).

scholarly journals Tasks of state-owned enterprises and their impact on accounting and reporting information

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (9) ◽  
pp. 99-116
Author(s):  
Ljudmyla LOVINSKA ◽  
◽  
Andrii MAMYSHEV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
The State ◽  
International Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
Reporting Standards ◽  
Market Conditions ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Financial Reporting Standards

The purpose of the article is to establish ways to implement the tasks of public sector entities in ensuring responsibility and accountability of state-owned enterprises, taking into account market conditions and the transition to international financial reporting standards (IFRS) in the context of determining the place and role of accounting information. The research methodology is based on the application of dialectical and systematic approaches to scientific knowledge and general theoretical understanding of the problems of functional and accounting-analytical support for the management of state-owned enterprises in the application of IFRS. The results of the analysis of modern tendencies of the organization and functioning of the state-owned enterprises are covered. The importance of public sector entities in the global dimension, as well as the features of the organization, challenges and tasks of state-owned enterprises in market conditions are shown. It is determined that the main tasks to be performed by state-owned enterprises are : provision of certain state services and specific goods, support of the national economy and strategic interests, doing business in a natural monopoly, as well as support of social goals of the state. The specificity of the tasks of state-owned enterprises and their important place in the state economy through the role of a special agent of the government for the implementation of state policy in a particular area is substantiated. A new look at these processes involves increasing the transparency and accountability of businesses, which is closely linked to improving the quality of accounting data on the activities of state-owned enterprises. Based on the results of the study, the algorithm of decisions on determining, assessing and reviewing the value of a state-owned enterprise based on the expression of its social, economic, environmental and tax impacts has been improved. There is a problem of harmonization of methodological support for the preparation of aggregate reports of the general government sector (GGS), which arises due to the existing differences between different sets of standards for financial reporting of GGS sector entities (International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) - for public corporations and National provisions (standards) of accounting in the public sector (NP(S)APS) - for all other entities of the GGS sector).

scholarly journals INVESTMENT SECURITY IN THE SYSTEM OF ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE STATE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataliia Sytnyk ◽  
Veronika Ishchenko
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Fixed Capital ◽  
Investment Climate ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government

In modern conditions of functioning of the market economy, in the era of development of globalization and globalization processes, the prevalence of international relations, the spread of various forms of international capital movement, in particular foreign direct investment, an important place is occupied by investment activities and policies implemented by the state within the framework of the latter. It is difficult to overestimate the importance and role of investment, because world experience shows that the effective development of business entities, and therefore the country's economy as a whole, cannot be imagined without making investments. Therefore, the government of almost any country in the world is focused on creating a favorable investment climate. The article defines the theoretical foundations of investment security of the state: the essence of the concept is outlined, the principles on which investment security is based, its place and role in the state's economic security system are justified. Qualitative and quantitative criteria for a comprehensive assessment of the state's investment security are presented. The calculation and analysis of the main indicators – quantitative criteria of investment security: gross accumulation of fixed capital; the degree of accumulation of fixed capital; the ratio of the cost of newly introduced fixed assets to the volume of capital investments is carried out; the ratio of net growth of foreign direct investment to GDP; the size of the Ukrainian economy as a percentage of global GDP. The dynamics of the total volume of foreign direct investment in the Ukrainian economy in the context of world countries is analyzed. The main investor countries that ensure the receipt of the largest volumes of investment flows to the Ukrainian economy are identified. Ukraine's place in the World Bank's “Doing Business” rating over the past ten years has been demonstrated. The positive dynamics regarding Ukraine's place in the World Bank's “Doing Business” rating and the main factors that influenced such positive changes were noted. The investment climate of the state is assessed and possible measures are proposed to improve the mechanism of managing the state's investment security.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN BUDAYA ORGANISASI DENGAN KINERJA PEGAWAI DINAS PENDIDIKAN PEMUDA DAN OLAHRAGA KOTA SAWAHLUNTO

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
WIDIA ANINGSIH MAN
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Type A ◽  
Likert Scale ◽  
T Test ◽  
Cultural Relations ◽  
Performance Satisfaction

This research aimed to describe the employee performance, organizational culture and cultural relations organization with the performance satisfaction at Dinas Pendidikan Pemuda dan Olahraga Kota Sawahlunto. The hypothesis of the proposed research is “organizational culture is  significantly correlated with the performance of employee at Dinas Pendidikan Pemuda dan Olahraga Kota Sawahlunto”. The present research is correlational which to see organizational culture with employee performance at Dinas Pendidikan Pemuda dan Olahraga Kota Sawahlunto. The population is 69 people and samples is 61 people. Large instrument used for data collection was a questionnaire type a Likert scale that have been valid and reliabel. The techhique of data analysis is done by using the formula Product Moment Correlation and T-test. The result of the dataanalysis showed that (1) employee performance at Dinas Pendidikan Pemuda dan Olahraga Kota Sawahlunto is in the category is good (85,15%), (2) organizational culture are on the category good (89,54%), and (3) there is a significant organizational culture between leadership with employee performance with a correlation coefficient = 0,327. So it can be concluded tha organizational culture affects employee performance at Dinas Pendidikan Pemuda dan Olahraga Kota Sawahlunto.

Dairy cow welfare: the role of research and development in addressing increasing scrutiny

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 924 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. Fisher ◽  
J. R. Webster
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Grazed Pasture ◽  
Dairy Management ◽  
Animal Management ◽  
Cow Welfare

Pasture-based dairying in New Zealand and Australia has come under increasing animal welfare scrutiny as a result of changing public expectations for farm animal management. Concurrently, efficiency-driven changes in dairy management practices and a broadening of the feedbase beyond traditionally grazed pasture have resulted in increased intensification and stocking density within the dairy industries. This intensification has included a higher proportion of grain concentrates in the diet (particularly in Australia), and the greater management of cows off pasture and even in housing (particularly in New Zealand). Research to assess the animal welfare implications of these changes and to recommend good practice management has concentrated on issues of cow environments and cow feeding, including body condition. Research has shown that cows may be managed for a few hours per day on concrete surfaces without compromising their lying behaviour and other indicators of welfare, but that longer periods off pasture require the provision of a well drained and comfortable lying surface. Other research has defined the extremes of hot and cold/wet conditions beyond which cows benefit from provision of adequate shade and shelter. Research on cow body condition has indicated that welfare responses are aligned with measures of health and productivity in supporting the need to maintain a minimum body condition before calving and during the subsequent weight loss period of early lactation. Continued research, extension and industry adoption will enable dairy producers to address community expectations as they continue to change their farming practices.

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