scholarly journals Development of low cost domestic solar hybrid dryer cum cooker

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alok Gora ◽  
Ramesh Harajibhai Chaudhari
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Cloudy Weather ◽  
Drying Efficiency

Energy is prime and basic need in today’s life that why energy consumption has increased day by day and most of the energy demand can be fulfilled by non-renewable energy sources. Hence, there is a need to adopt alternate source of energy. In rural and urban areas, solar energy can be used in a stunning manner through solar cooker and solar dryer. Many textured dryers and solar cooker, electric and mechanical dryers are commercially available in the market for drying and cooking purpose. But they required high capital investment and high maintenance, which make it unsuitable for the use. Here a low cost domestic solar hybrid cum cooker was developed to effectively utilize the alternative source of energy. This one device can either be used as dryer or can be used as cooker. It can also work effectively in cloudy weather or in morning hours. The thermal efficiency of solar was found 28.93 % whereas drying efficiency of dryer was found 34.74%.

Appropriate Sanitation Options for Southern Africa

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
R. F. Marks
Keyword(s):  
Southern Africa ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Waste Stabilisation Ponds ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Sanitation Systems

An overview is given of the present types of sanitation systems used in both rural and urban areas in Southern Africa, with particular reference to Zimbabwe. On-site and off-site dry sanitation methods are described, including different types of pit latrines, with special reference to the Ventilated Improved Pit (VIP) Latrine. Wet systems with on or off-site disposal methods are briefly described, and details are given of two methods of off-site disposal which are widely used in Zimbabwe, viz Waste Stabilisation Ponds (WSP) and the Modified Activated Sludge (MAS) system for biological nutrient removal. The difficulties of implementing low-cost and incremental sanitation systems are mentioned, and suggestions are made of ways to overcome these difficulties.

Utility of a Low-Cost, Dense Sensor Network for the Study of Air Quality Impact Upon Human Health in Urban and Rural Areas

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Susan Alexander ◽  
Aaron Kaulfus ◽  
C. E. Phillips ◽  
Bob Baron ◽  
John N. McHenry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Monitoring Networks ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Recent Emergence ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

The chemical composition of air changes from moment to moment. While the atmosphere may appear clear and cloudless to the human eye, gases, aerosols, and particulates are in constant interaction with Earth's surface under the influence of meteorological conditions. The recent emergence of low-cost, dense environmental air quality monitoring networks suggests growing interest in highly granular temporospatial exposure assessments by scientists and citizens. This chapter describes the utility of leveraging partnerships and resources to collocate a dense network of low-cost air quality sensors with meteorological sensors across a predominantly rural state located in the southeastern U.S. Construction of the network will improve knowledge on the daily, diurnal, and seasonal variations of pollutant exposures in rural and urban areas, the public health impact of extreme climatological and atmospheric events, and socioeconomic factors that heighten risk of exposures and health outcomes.

Management of minor ailments in primary schoolchildren in rural and urban areas

1996 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-174
Author(s):  
J A Cantrill ◽  
B Johannesson ◽  
M Nicholson ◽  
P R Noyce
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Primary Schoolchildren ◽  
Minor Ailments

Classroom Management

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
Elida Kurti
Keyword(s):  
Classroom Management ◽  
General Education ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Intellectual Level

This paper aims to reflect an effort to identify the problems associated with the educational learning process, as well as its function to express some inherent considerations to the most effective forms of the classroom management. Mentioned in this discussion are ways of management for various categories of students, not only from an intellectual level, but also by their behavior. Also, in the elaboration of this theme I was considering that in addition to other development directions of the country, an important place is occupied by the education of the younger generation in our school environments and especially in adopting the methods of teaching and learning management with a view to enable this generation to be competitive in the European labor market. This, of course, can be achieved by giving this generation the best values of behavior, cultural level, professional level and ethics one of an European family which we belong to, not just geographically. On such foundations, we have tried to develop this study, always improving the reality of the prolonged transition in the field of children’s education. Likewise, we have considered the factors that have left their mark on the structure, cultural level and general education level of children, such as high demographic turnover associated with migration from rural and urban areas, in the capacity of our educational institutions to cope with new situations etc. In the conclusions of this study is shown that there is required a substantial reform even in the pro-university educational system to ensure a significant improvement in the behavior of children, relations between them and the sound quality of their preparation. Used literature for this purpose has not been lacking, due to the fact that such problems are usually treated by different scholars. Likewise, we found it appropriate to use the ideas and issues discussed by the foreign literature that deals directly with classroom management problems. All the following treatise is intended to reflect the way of an effective classroom management.

Literacy and Education: Fifth Release From the 1961 Census of Pakistan (Review Article)

1963 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 424-442
Author(s):  
Jamila Akhtar
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Interim Report ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
The Past ◽  
Review Articles ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Age And Sex

This review of the Literacy and Education Bklletin1 of the 1961 Census is fourth in the series of review articles published in this journal2. The Bulletin under review forms a part of the interim report on the characteristics of the population of Pakistan. It gives information on the number of illiterate and literate persons by age and sex for rural and urban areas on division and district basis; illiterate and literate.population in selected cities and towns; and the educational levels attained by the literate population by age and sex for divisions and districts. Relevant statistical notes and statements precede the tables in the Bulletin. The objective of this review is to describe the meaningfulness and significance of literacy statistics. To this end, a distinction is made between formal and functional levels of literacy. Comparisons of the 1951 and 1961 census figures are undertaken to indicate the progress of literacy and education during the past decade with reference to the effect of intercensal rate of population growth on such progress. Certain questions regarding the reliability of data are raised, which emphasize the need for caution in the interpretation of literacy statistics.

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