scholarly journals Epidemiology and seasonal variation of Ixodid ticks in dairy cattle of Gangetic plains of Uttar Pradesh, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karan Veer Singh ◽  
Mehar Singh ◽  
Awanish Kumar ◽  
Manishi Mukesh
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Tick Infestation ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
Indigenous Cattle ◽  
Gangetic Plain ◽  
Gangetic Plains ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Local Farmers

The Gangetic plain of Uttar Pradesh is fertile land inhabited by second highest cattle population in India. A study was undertaken from May 2016 to March 2018 on the distribution and abundance of ticks in cattle. Data were collected from 3 organized farms, 5 Gaushalas and from local farmers. Studied animals were divided into three categories indigenous breeds (n=450), exotic (n=60) and crosses of exotic and local breeds (n=140). The prevalence of tick infestation was studied in the host cattle in the different seasons. Total eight species of ticks were identified. In the villages, Gaushalas and in unorganized dairy farms tick infestation prevalence was (45%) as compared to minimal prevalence 4% recorded from organized sector. Infestation in exotic cattle was high in fields as compared to crossbred and indigenous cattle breed. Most of the animals under farm management system were infected with single tick species. While multi species tick infestation was observed in the fields. This could be due to the management practices and timely tick treatment adopted by farms.

scholarly journals Epidemiology and Seasonal Variation of Ixodid Ticks in Dairy Cattle of Gangetic Plains of Uttar Pradesh, India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karan Veer Singh ◽  
Awanish Kumar ◽  
Mehar Singh ◽  
Kamal Jaiswal ◽  
Manishi Mukesh
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Tick Infestation ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
Boophilus Microplus ◽  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
Indigenous Cattle ◽  
Gangetic Plain ◽  
Different Seasons

Background: The Gangetic plain of Uttar Pradesh is fertile land inhabited by second highest cattle population in India. A study was undertaken from May 2016 to March 2018 on the distribution and abundance of ticks in cattle. Methods: Data was collected from 3 organized farms, 5 Gaushalas and from local farmers. Studied animals were divided into three categories indigenous breeds (n=450), exotic (n=60) and crosses of exotic and local breeds (n=140). The prevalence of tick infestation was studied in the host cattle in the different seasons. Result: Total eight species of ticks were identified. Among the Ixodid ticks, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus was the predominant species (85.28 %) in all seasons. Significantly (p less than 0.05) higher prevalence was recorded in monsoon season as compared to other seasons. Animals aged 1 year of age (50.87%). Sex-wise, the males had higher infestation rate than the females. In the villages, Gaushalas and in unorganized dairy farms tick infestation prevalence was (45%) as compared to minimal prevalence 4% recorded from organized sector. Infestation in exotic cattle was high in fields as compared to crossbred and indigenous cattle breed. Most of the animals under farm management system were infected with single tick species. While multi species tick infestation was observed in the fields. This could be due to the management practices and timely tick treatment adopted by farms.

Characterization of Gangatiri cattle breed inGangatic plains of Eastern Uttar Pradesh

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basant Kumar Bhinchhar ◽  
Vinod Kumar Paswan ◽  
SPACE Saroj ◽  
Satya Prakash Yadav ◽  
Prity Singh
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
The Other ◽  
Indigenous Cattle ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Eastern Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Bihar State

The present research work for characterization of Gangatiri cattle was conducted on a herd maintained at Mirzapur district of Uttar Pardesh. This dual-purpose indigenous cattle breed is found mainly in Varanasi, Chandauli, Ghazipur and Ballia distric of eastern Utter Pradesh and adjacent areas of Bihar state of India., Medium sized dewlap, small brisket, sharp and smooth shoulder with medium legs was present in most of the animals. Medium sized bowl shaped udder with cylindrical shaped medium sized teats and prominent, crooked and branched milk veins were the other characteristic features of the herd. The overall least squares’ means for Ischium width of Rump (ISWR), Top line (TPL), Udder length (UL), Udder diameter (UD), Teat length (TtL), Udder circumference (UC), Distance between fore to fore (DFF) and rear to rear teats (DRR) were 20.79±0.57, 144.64±1.67, 26.17±1.21, 11.03±1.40, 5.33±0.31, 68.84±3.89, 6.03±0.50 and 4.93±0.21 cm, respectively.

scholarly journals The implications of herd entrustment practice for the sustainable use of cattle genetic resources in the (agro)-pastoral systems of West Africa: A case study from Benin

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sèyi Fridaïus Ulrich Vanvanhossou ◽  
Ivan Bossima Koura ◽  
Luc Hippolyte Dossa
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
West African ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
Pastoral Systems ◽  
Indigenous Cattle ◽  
Cattle Herds

AbstractWest African (agro)-pastoralists have been increasingly using extra-household labour for the management of their cattle herds. This paper seeks to identify the factors influencing cattle owners’ decision to entrust their animals and to analyse the effects of the entrustment practice on the management and sustainable use of the animal genetic diversity within herds. Two hundred and eleven cattle farmers, including absentee-owners (n = 90) who entrusted their animals to professional herders, and owner-managers (n = 121) who look themselves after their cattle, were randomly selected and surveyed in Boukombe district in northwest Benin, the origin of the West African shorthorn Somba cattle breed. Households' socio-economic data and information on herds’ characteristics and management practices were collected using semi-structured questionnaires. The binary logistic regression technique was used to predict the adoption of entrustment by a given farmer in function of his herd’s and household's socio-economic characteristics. Effective population sizes and inbreeding rates for the communal non-entrusted and entrusted Somba populations were estimated and compared. The results revealed that the mode of acquisition of the initial stock, the total livestock units owned and the farmer’s ethnicity were the most important determinants of entrustment. The Somba indigenous cattle breed was threatened in entrusted herds by indiscriminate cross-breeding with Zebus. However, the non-entrusted population appeared to be more exposed to high inbreeding risks. While entrustment represents a good alternative for the efficient use of family labour, adequate strategies are needed to support this practice and encourage herd managers to adopt improved husbandry practices and sound breeding strategies.

scholarly journals Incidence of Reproductive Disorders in Cattle and Buffalo under Field Conditions in Eastern Plain Zone of Uttar Pradesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (01) ◽  
pp. 66-68
Author(s):  
HC Verma ◽  
Ashoo . ◽  
Rakesh Kumar Singh ◽  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
Ramakant . ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Healthcare Management ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Crossbred Cattle ◽  
Reproductive Disorders ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
Indigenous Cattle

This study was conducted in the Barabanki district of Uttar Pradesh on reproductive disorders in cattle and buffaloes under field conditions. The information was generated from 120 farmers, 20 farmers from each of six selected villages, who had at least one milking dairy animal at the time of the investigation. The information was generated regarding reproductive disorders of indigenous cattle, crossbred cattle, and buffalo due to improper feeding, breeding, and healthcare management practices and was analyzed to explore the incidence rate of reproductive disorders faced by dairy farmers in three categories of animals. The overall incidence rate of reproductive disorders among indigenous cattle, crossbred cattle, and buffalo in the area surveyed revealed maximum incidence in buffalo (76.05 %) and minimum in indigenous cattle (48.77 %), the crossbreds being intermediate (72.62 %). Late maturity was the major problem in indigenous cattle and anoestrus in buffalo. The incidence of repeat breeding was the highest in crossbred cattle. Dystocia, prolapse and stillbirth were more in buffaloes, while abortion, RFM, and uterine infections were more in crossbred cattle. Reproductive disorders like dystocia, prolapse, abortion and stillbirth were mostly treated by veterinarians; however, remaining reproductive disorders like anoestrus, repeat breeding, uterine infection etc. were treated by dairy farmers and quacks through their own experiences by using different type of indigenous technical knowledge. There is a need to create awareness about scientific animal husbandry practices among dairy farmers of the region studied.

New records of Cyanobacterial morphotypes with Leptolyngbya indica sp. nov. from terrestrial biofilms of the Lower Gangetic Plain, India

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 316 (2) ◽  
pp. 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
MANOJIT DEBNATH ◽  
TARKESHWAR SINGH ◽  
PUNYASLOKE BHADURY
Keyword(s):  
Rice Field ◽  
New Records ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Gangetic Plain ◽  
Gangetic Plains ◽  
Rice Field Soil ◽  
Green Remediation ◽  
Mangrove Soils

Macroscopic cyanobacterial biofilms were collected from alluvial plain soils and estuarine mangrove soils representing the Lower Gangetic Plains of South East Asia (India). The composition of the biofilms was investigated using light microscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy of collected samples. In this study four simple trichal non-heterocytous morphotypes were found to be unique. Out of four, three morphotypes clearly showed differences with respect to described taxa as based on most recent taxonomic classification and possibly represent new report from the Indian subcontinent. One morphotype was successfully established under culture conditions and described as Leptolyngbya indica sp. nov. isolated from the alluvial arsenic affected rice field soil. This study provides vital information on morphotypic diversity of Cyanobacteria from specific biotopes which can contribute key information on their biogeography and potential application in green remediation.

scholarly journals Assessing Genomic Diversity and Productivity Signatures in Dianzhong Cattle by Whole-Genome Scanning

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianfu Zhang ◽  
Kaixing Qu ◽  
Peng Jia ◽  
Jicai Zhang ◽  
Jianyong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
Male Reproduction ◽  
Genomic Diversity ◽  
Missense Mutations ◽  
Indigenous Cattle ◽  
Livestock Productivity

Dianzhong cattle is a classic Chinese indigenous cattle breed with historical records dating back to 200 BC. But with its genomic differences having not been clearly elucidated, the quest for genomic characterization will be an essential step towards understanding the genomic basis of productivity and adaptation to survival under Chinese farming systems. Here we compared 10 Dianzhong cattle (four newly sequenced and six downloaded) with 29 published genomes of three underlying ancestral populations (Chinese zebu, Indian zebu, and Yanbian cattle) to characterize the genomic variations of Dianzhong cattle. Dianzhong cattle has a high nucleotide diversity (0.0034), second only to Chinese zebu. Together with analyses of linkage disequilibrium decay and runs of homozygosity, Dianzhong cattle displayed higher genomic diversity and weaker artificial selection compared with Yanbian cattle. From a selective sweep analysis by four methods (Fst, π-ratio, XP-CLR, and XP-EHH), the positive selective signals were mainly manifested in candidate genes and pathways related to heat resistance, growth and development, fat deposition, and male reproduction. Missense mutations were detected in candidate genes, SDS (c.944C > A and p.Ala315Glu), PDGFD (c.473A > G and p.Lys158Arg), and DDX4 (rs460251486, rs722912933, and rs517668236), which related to heat resistance, fat deposition, and spermatogenesis, respectively. Our findings unravel, at the genome-wide level, the unique diversity of Dianzhong cattle while emphasizing the opportunities for improvement of livestock productivity in further breeding programs.

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