scholarly journals Assessment of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Genotypes under Normal and Late Sown Environments using Stress Indices

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Sunil ◽  
A.K. Chhabra ◽  
Rajesh Kumar Yadav ◽  
Sunil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Stress Indices ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Stress Susceptibility ◽  
Hybridization Programme

Background: Heat stress is a major restrain in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) productivity. Developing tolerant chickpea genotypes contributes breeding materials for hybridization programme. Stress indices related to abiotic stresses are found effective in screening of genotypes for high temperature tolerance in chickpea. Methods: An experiment with 24 genotypes under two different environments i.e., timely and late sown conditions was planned to identify the chickpea genotypes tolerant to heat stress, using thirteen stress indices. Stress Susceptibility Index (SSI) is the cardinal index to group genotypes based on their tolerance level. Stress indices Mean Productivity (MP), Geometric Mean Productivity (GMP), Harmonic Mean (HM) Index, Heat Resistant Index (HRI) and Modified Heat Tolerance Index (MHTI) are very effective in identifying stress tolerant genotypes. Result: The result indicated that genotypes H 04-75, H 08-75, H 12-26, H 09-96, ICCV 92944, DCP 92-3 and GNG 2226 are tolerant to heat stress. The identified genotypes can be used as parents in hybridization programme for breeding chickpea cultivars tolerant to high temperature environments.

scholarly journals Evaluation of stress indices for screening of rice cultivars for high temperature tolerance

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-351
Author(s):  
Veronica N ◽  
Ashoka Rani Y ◽  
Subrahmanyam D ◽  
Narasimha Rao KL ◽  
Lal Ahamad M ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
High Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Severe Reduction ◽  
Stress Susceptibility

High temperature during the crop growing period is detrimental as it results in reduction of yield. A diverse set of rice germplasm consisting of 60 genotypes was grown at two different sowing times (normal and late) and were exposed naturally to high temperature in the late sown condition (stress). There was a severe reduction in grain yield and spikelet fertility in all the genotypes in the late sown crop. Yield based indices were computed based on grain yield recorded under normal and stress conditions. Indices Stress Susceptibility Index (STI), Geometric Mean Production (GMP), Mean Production (MP), Yield Index (YI), Modified stress tolerance (K1STI and K2STI) were positively correlated with yield recorded under both normal and high temperature stress condition and can be considered as suitable indices for screening of rice genotypes under high temperature conditions. Ranking genotypes based on the indices revealed that Rasi, HKR47, IR64, Khudaridhan, Akshayadhan and N22 exhibited the highest mean rank and hence they can be identified as heat-tolerant genotypes. ADT43, Vandana, IR36, MTU1001, ADT49 and Krishnahamsa had a lower rank and were identified as susceptible genotypes to high-temperature stress.

scholarly journals Field response of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) to high temperature

2015 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
pp. 59-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Devasirvatham ◽  
P.M. Gaur ◽  
T.N. Raju ◽  
R.M. Trethowan ◽  
D.K.Y. Tan
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Field Response

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF DROUGHT TOLERANCE IN NEW COTTON CULTIVARS USING STRESS TOLERANCE INDICES

AGROFOR ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Minka KOLEVA ◽  
Valentina DIMITROVA
Keyword(s):  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Effective Selection ◽  
Stress Environment ◽  
Stress Susceptibility ◽  
Tolerance Indices

Drought is a wide-spread problem seriously influencing production and quality ofcotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), but development of resistant cultivars is hamperedby the lack of effective selection criteria. The objective of this study was toevaluate the ability of several selection indices to identify drought tolerant cultivarsunder different environmental conditions. Thirteen cotton cultivars were evaluatedunder both moisture stress (2016) and non-stress (2013) field environments using arandomized complete block design for each environment. Six drought toleranceindices including stress susceptibility index (SSI), stress tolerance index (STI),tolerance index (TOL), mean productivity (MP), geometric mean productivity(GMP) and mean harmonic productivity (HMP) were used. The significant andpositive correlation of yield of genotype under non-stress condition (Yp) and MP,GMP and STI showed that these indices were more effective in identifying highyielding cultivars under different moisture conditions. The results of calculatedgain from indirect selection in moisture stress environment would improve yieldbetter than selection from non moisture stress environment. Coton breeders should,therefore, take into account the stress severity of the environment in choosing anindex. The varieties Viki and Avangard-264 had the highest yields under non-stressconditions. Vega and Chirpan-539 varieties had a low yield potential and showed ahigh stress tolerance to drought.

scholarly journals Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci Controlling High-Temperature Tolerance in Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Seedlings

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1155
Author(s):  
Shaoyun Dong ◽  
Song Zhang ◽  
Shuang Wei ◽  
Yanyan Liu ◽  
Caixia Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Heat Stress Response ◽  
Cucumber Seedlings ◽  
Trait Loci

High temperature is one of the major abiotic stresses that affect cucumber growth and development. Heat stress often leads to metabolic malfunction, dehydration, wilting and death, which has a great impact on the yield and fruit quality. In this study, genetic analysis and quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping for thermotolerance in cucumber seedlings was investigated using a recombinant inbred line (RILs; HR) population and a doubled haploid (DH; HP) population derived from two parental lines ‘65G’ (heat-sensitive) and ‘02245′ (heat-tolerant). Inheritance analysis suggested that both short-term extreme and long-term mild thermotolerance in cucumber seedlings were determined by multiple genes. Six QTLs for heat tolerance including qHT3.1, qHT3.2, qHT3.3, qHT4.1, qHT4.2, and qHT6.1 were detected. Among them, the major QTL, qHT3.2, was repeatedly detected for three times in HR and HP at different environments, explained 28.3% of the phenotypic variability. The 481.2 kb region harbored 79 genes, nine of which might involve in heat stress response. This study provides a basis for further identifying thermotolerant genes and helps understanding the molecular mechanism underlying thermotolerance in cucumber seedlings.

scholarly journals Salt tolerance assessment of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes at germination stage by tolerance indices

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Askari ◽  
Seiyed Kamal Kazemitabar ◽  
Hamid Najafi Zarrini ◽  
Mohammd Hossein Saberi
Keyword(s):  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Stress Susceptibility ◽  
Tolerance Indices ◽  
Barley Genotypes ◽  
Germination Stage

AbstractThis study was performed to assess several indices for identifying genotypes at germination stage with the best performance in salinity conditions. In order to evaluate the seed germination of barley genotypes in different levels of salt conditions, an experiment was conducted as factorial arrangement with a completely randomized design with 3 replications. The effect of salinity treatments was studied through an analysis of the germination, yielding results that show significant differences among genotypes. Stress tolerance index, stress tolerance, stress susceptibility index, germination reduction ratio, mean productivity and geometric mean productivity were used. The majority of used indices indicated that ESBYTM8910, 4 Shori and MBS8715 were the best barley genotypes showing the highest stress resistance for the greatest NaCl concentration. This result was similar to those obtained from the analysis of variance and statistical comparison of means of genotypes germination percentages. There were positive and strong correlations of germination percentage in normal and stress condition with STI in high levels of salinity. Thus, this correlation seems to be a useful indicator of tolerant genotypes at this stage.

scholarly journals Leaf Trimming and High Temperature Regulation of Phytohormones and Polyamines in Creeping Bentgrass Leaves

2016 ◽  
Vol 141 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanalkumar Krishnan ◽  
Yingmei Ma ◽  
Emily Merewitz
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Zeatin Riboside ◽  
Endogenous Hormones ◽  
Leaf Base ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Stress Susceptibility ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid ◽  
Hormone Analysis

Mowing frequencies are associated with differences in disease susceptibility of turfgrasses, but how hormones respond to mowing practices are not fully understood. Two independent growth chamber experiments were conducted to determine how leaf trimming and heat stress play a role in modulating endogenous hormones within creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) leaf tissues. The study also aimed to evaluate whether there are hormone changes at 0, 15, and 30 minutes after leaf trimming (wounding). The effects of trimming and temperature on sod plugs of creeping bentgrass ‘Penncross’ and ‘Penn-G2’ were investigated under optimal conditions (23/20 °C day/night) and heat stress (30/25 °C day/night). Plants were 1) untrimmed and sampled by plucking at the leaf base, 2) untrimmed and sampled by cutting at 0, 15, and 30 minutes, or 3) trimmed once every 3 days. Salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), abscisic acid (ABA), and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) were generally greater in untrimmed plants compared with plants trimmed every 3 days under high temperature conditions. Zeatin riboside (ZR) was lower in untrimmed plants compared with plants trimmed every 3 days. JA and gibberellic acid (GA) accumulated to greater levels in the plants after 15 and 30 minutes of sampling. Polyamines (PAs) exhibited a transient increase in putrescine (Put) due to wounding. The results demonstrate the importance of research practices that consider the timing of sampling turfgrass plants for hormone analysis, help elucidate why mowing practices may play a role in stress susceptibility, and may be applicable to various studies related to leaf wounding.

scholarly journals Effective selection criteria for screening drought tolerant recombinant inbred lines of sunflower

Genetika ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nishtman Abdi ◽  
Reza Darvishzadeh ◽  
Hatami Maleki
Keyword(s):  
Inbred Line ◽  
Recombinant Inbred ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Harmonic Mean ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Yield Performance ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Stress Susceptibility

In this study, seventy two sunflower recombinant inbred lines were tested for their yielding ability under both water-stressed and well-watered states. The inbred lines were evaluated in a rectangular 8?9 lattice design with two replications in both well-watered and water-stressed conditions, separately. Eight drought tolerance indices including stability tolerance index (STI), mean productivity (MP), geometric mean productivity (GMP), harmonic mean (HM), stress susceptibility index (SSI), tolerance index (TOL), yield index (YI) and yield stability index (YSI) were calculated based on grain yield for every genotype. Results showed the highest values of mean productivity (MP) index, geometric mean productivity (GMP), yield index (YI), harmonic mean (HM) and stress tolerance index (STI) indices for ?C134a? inbred line and least values of stress susceptibility index (SSI) and tolerance (TOL) for C61 inbred line. According to correlation of indices with yield performance under both drought stress and non-stress states and principle component analysis, indices including HM, MP, GMP and STI could properly distinguish drought tolerant sunflower inbred lines with high yield performance under both states. Cluster analysis of inbred lines using Ys, Yp and eight indices, categorized them into four groups including 19, 6, 26 and 19 inbred lines.

Exposure of Cu and Mn to Cicer arietinum L. VAR. BGD‐72 seeds induces morphological and biochemical changes in the plant

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Sazada Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Redox Reactions ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Cellular Redox ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Mn Concentration

Copper (Cu) and Manganese (Mn) are micronutrients that are essential for normal growth and development of the plants. These transition metals are involved in cellular redox reactions. In the present study effect of various concentrations (Ck, 25, 50, 75, 100 and 125ppm) of Cu and Mn on the chlorophyll content, catalase (CAT) activity, malonedialdehyde (MDA) level, root biomass and tolerance index was investigated in 25 days old seedlings of Cicer arietinum L. Effect on morphological parameters such as seed germination and radicle length was investigated in 5 days old seedlings. At higher concentrations, Cu and Mn resulted in loss of the photosynthetic pigments (Chl a and Chl b). CAT activity significantly in root and shoot with the increase in Cu and Mn concentration as compared to control (Ck=untreated) plants. A similar trend was observed in MDA activity in leaves. Combination of Cu and Mn exhibited additive effect on these parameters.

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