scholarly journals The Effect of Cereal-legume Intercropping Systems on the Cereal Grain Yield under Semi-arid Conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Benider ◽  
S. Laour ◽  
T. Madani ◽  
A. Gundouz ◽  
H. Kelaleche
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Cereal Grain ◽  
Flag Leaf Length ◽  
Positive Significant Correlation

Background: The aim of this study is to ascertain the response of dual exploitation of intercrops systems their ability to produce forage and grain. Thus the efficiency of the cereal-legume intercropping on the qualitative and quantitative improvement yield of cereals. Methods: The experiment was conducted at the Setif University Experimental Farm during the years of 2019-20. The experiment was laid out in completely randomize block (CRB) design with three replications. Three cereals namely triticale, oats and barley in association with forage pea and other mixtures with (Vesce commune) were studied. The measure focused on accumulation of dry matter accumulation (DMA), plant height, flag leaf length (FLL), grain yield (GY) and thousand kernels weight (TKW). Result: The results indicate that capacity of intercropping system systems to produce more dry matter than their mono cropping systems, as well as the intercropping systems significantly improved the qualitative and quantitative yield of cereals in all the tested intercropping systems. A positive significant correlation between SH and FLL r = 0.78 in the peas/oats intercrop. Thus use like this positive significant correlation between DMP GY r = 0.94, while the tritical / pea and barley / pea intercropping are characterized by the best DMP, GY and TKW among different tested cropping systems.

scholarly journals Relationship between Yield and Yield Contributing Traits in Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench]

2021 ◽  
pp. 283-288
Author(s):  
P. Vinoth ◽  
B. Selvi ◽  
N. Senthil ◽  
K. Iyanar ◽  
S. Jeyarani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Flag Leaf Length ◽  
Panicle Weight

Knowledge about the association between grain yield and yield contributing traits is important for sorghum development programs. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine correlations and path-coefficients between grain yield per plant and yield contributing traits. The experiment was conducted during Kharif 2019 in the Department of millets, TNAU, Coimbatore, India by using nine parents and twenty hybrids to study the genotypic correlations on the basis of seventeen traits.  Analysis of variance evinced significant variation for all the traits under study. In correlation studies, the grain yield was positively associated with plant height (0.603), leaf length (0.613), leaf area index (0.501), flag leaf length (0.529), panicle length (0.608), panicle weight (0.930) and hundred seed weight (0.643). In path analysis, the traits leaf length, flag leaf length, panicle length, panicle weight and hundred seed weight exposed highly direct and indirect effects. Selection for a trait is effective when both the correlation and direct effect are higher and positive as this indicates its true association. Hence this investigation revealed flag leaf length, panicle length, panicle weight and hundred seed weight exhibited positive association and direct effect on grain yield, which indicates that the selection towards these characters will improve the yield.

scholarly journals Identification of QTLs for high grain yield and component traits in New Plant Types of rice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravindra Donde ◽  
S. Mohapatra ◽  
S. Y. Baksh ◽  
B. Padhy ◽  
M. Mukherjee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
Flag Leaf Width ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Transgressive Segregants ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Flag Leaf Length

AbstractA panel of 60 genotypes consisting of New Plant Types (NPTs) along with indica, tropical and temperate japonica genotypes were phenotypically evaluated for four seasons in irrigated situation for grain yield per se and component traits. Twenty NPT genotypes were found to be promising with an average grain yield of 5.45 to 8.8 t/ha. A total of 85 SSR markers were used in the study to identify QTLs associated with grain yield per se and related traits. Sixty-six (77.65%) markers were found to be polymorphic. The PIC values varied from 0.516 to 0.92 with an average of 0.704. A moderate level of genetic diversity (0.39) was detected among genotypes. Variation to the tune of 8% within genotypes, 68% among the genotypes within the population and 24% among the populations were observed (AMOVA). The association analysis using GLM and MLM models led to the identification of 30 and 10 SSR markers were associated with 70 and 16 QTLs, respectively. Thirty novel QTLs linked with 16 SSRs were identified to be associated with eleven traits, namely, tiller number (qTL-6.1, qTL-11.1, qTL-4.1), panicle length (qPL-1.1, qPL-5.1, qPL-7.1, qPL-8.1), flag leaf length (qFLL-8.1, qFLL-9.1), flag leaf width (qFLW-6.2, qFLW-5.1, qFLW-8.1, qFLW-7.1), total no. of grains (qTG-2.2, qTG-a7.1), thousand-grain weight (qTGW-a1.1, qTGW-a9.2, qTGW-5.1, qTGW-8.1), fertile grains (qFG-7.1), seed length-breadth ratio (qSlb-3.1), plant height (qPHT-6.1, qPHT-9.1), days to 50% flowering (qFD-1.1) and grain yield per se (qYLD-5.1, qYLD-6.1a, qYLD-11.1). This information could be useful for identification of highly potential parents for development of transgressive segregants. Moreover, super rice genotypes could be developed through pyramiding of these QTLS for important yield traits for prospective increment in yield potentiality and breaking yield ceiling.

scholarly journals Genetic Parameters and Selection Indices in F3 Progenies of Hill Rice Genotypes

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 110-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulzar S. SANGHERA ◽  
Subhash C. KASHYAP
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Flag Leaf Length

The F3 population of eighteen different cross combinations using five local and seven exotic genotypes was used to study the genetic parameters, heritability, correlation and path coefficients for fourteen quantitative characters under temperate conditions. The selected progenies showed highly significant difference for most of the agro-morphological characters. Comparatively high phenotypic coefficients of variation were observed for all the character than genotypic coefficient variation. High heritability (%) was recorded for days to 50% flowering (96%) followed by days to maturity (95%) and grain yield per plant (84%). High genetic advance were observed for grain yield (47%) followed by biological yield/plant (27%) and harvest index (25%). Days to 50% flowering was positively and significantly correlated with days to maturity, grain length with LB ratio flag leaf length with grain breadth and panicle length with grain breadth at genotypic level. Path coefficient analysis revealed that harvest index and biological yield has highest direct effect on yield followed by days to maturity and number of grain per panicle. Biological yield per plant has highest indirect effect on yield via days to flowering followed by grain weight via biological yield per plant, grain breadth via days to 50 % flowering and flag leaf length via biological yield per plant. Therefore, information on the genetic parameters such as coefficient of variation, heritability, genetic advance and the influence of environment on the expression of these characters will help the breeder to evolve suitable cultivars within a short time for hill ecologies.

scholarly journals Inheritance of some flag leaf and yield characteristics by half-diallel analysis in rice crops (Oryza Sativa L.)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nessreen N. Bassuony ◽  
József Zsembeli
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Leaf Width ◽  
Flag Leaf Width ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Flag Leaf Length ◽  
Half Diallel

AbstractThis study was conducted during 2018 and 2019 at the Rice Research and Training Centre farm, Sakha, Kafr el Sheikh, Egypt. Six genotypes of rice, Sakha 101, Giza 178, Irat 170, Wab-56-104, IR65500-127 and IR69853 were half-diallel crossed to estimate the combining ability effect as well as sink and yield potential in rice. Sink capacity (number of spikelets/panicle and 1000-grain weight), source leaf (flag leaf length, flag leaf width and flag leaf area), source-sink association (number of spikelets/panicle to flag leaf area ratio) and traits of yield components (filled grains number/panicle and panicle number) plant and grain yield/plant) were analysed. The results indicated that both general and specific combining ability were highly significant for all the studied characteristics. IR65500-127, Giza 178, and Sakha 101 were identified as good parents, so these parents were suggested for a further recombinant breeding programme. The cross of 3 × 5 was found to be superior for flag leaf width and grain yield, while the cross of 1 × 4 was found to be superior for flag leaf length, flag leaf length/width ratio, chlorophyll content and number of panicles/plant. Advancing these crosses and effected selections in segregating generation would be helpful to develop high yielding varieties. The genetic parameter showed a dominant deviation in one direction was controlled for all characters except flag leaf length. The analysis of the regression line showed that the over-dominance played an important role in the inheritance of gene action for grain yield/plant.

scholarly journals Correlation Analysis of Flag Leaf with Yield in Several Rice Cultivars

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Asadur Rahman ◽  
ME Haque ◽  
B Sikdar ◽  
Md Asadul Islam ◽  
Muhammad Nurul Matin
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Leaf Yield ◽  
Flag Leaf Length ◽  
The Relationship

The uppermost leaf below the panicle is the flag leaf that provides the most important source of photosynthetic energy during reproduction and grain filling, thereby has great impact in panicle development and grain yield in rice. In the present investigation in order to explore the relationship between grain yield and flag leaf parameters, yield composition, length and width of the flag leaf, and panicle length were measured in some rice cultivars. Statistical analysis indicated that flag leaf length was positively correlated with panicle length for the studied cultivars demonstrating higher grain yield. Chlorophyll measurement indicated that flag leaf contained more chlorophyll than penultimate leaf. Yield of all the cultivars upon excision of flag leaf was also compared. Removal of flag leaf led to a decline in the seed-setting rate which eventually reduced the grain yield. Besides this, variable pollen viability was also noticed in the different cultivars. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jles.v8i0.20139 J. Life Earth Sci., Vol. 8: 49-54, 2013

scholarly journals Genetic Association and Path Coefficient Analysis for Grain Yield Characters in Elite Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Germplasm

2021 ◽  
pp. 94-99
Author(s):  
N. Nikitha Reddy ◽  
Gabrial M. Lal ◽  
B. Pragathi ◽  
P. Nikhil
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Path Coefficient Analysis ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Flag Leaf Length ◽  
Positive Direct ◽  
Hill Number

The study was carried out to study the correlation and path coefficient analysis for grain yield characters in 36 rice genotypes including one check for 13 quantitative parameters. The experimental material was carried out during Kharif, 2020, in a randomized block design with three replications obtained from the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, SHUATS, Allahabad, U.P., India. Analysis of variance revealed that there is significant variability among the genotypes. Correlation coefficient analysis at genotype level and phenotypic level revealed that plant height, flag leaf length, flag leaf width, number of tillers per hill, number of panicles per hill, number of spikelets per panicle, biological yield, and harvest index, showed positive significant correlation with grain yield per plant. Path coefficient analysis at both genotypic and phenotypic levels revealed that flag leaf length, number of panicles per hill, days to maturity, biological yield, harvest index and test weight had positive direct effect on grain yield per hill. Biological yield per hill (0.8481) exerted high positive direct effect as well as high positive significant association (0.809**) with grain yield per hill thus this character resulted as most essential direct yield character.

scholarly journals Combining ability studies for developing new rice hybrids in Bangladesh

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
MJ Hasan ◽  
UK Kulsum ◽  
LF Lipi ◽  
AKM Shamsuddin
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Breeding Strategy ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Flag Leaf Length

Combining ability on grain yield and its components from line × tester analysis of 70 rice hybrids produced by crossing seven CMS lines and ten testers of local and exotic origin were studied. The analysis revealed higher sca variance than gca variance for all the traits indicating the prevalence of non-additive gene action. Testers played important role towards panicle length (48.18%), spikelet fertility (60.46%) and grain yield/plant (55.44%) indicating predominant of paternal influence for these traits. The contribution of interactions (line × tester) were found vital for plant height (58.55%), effective tillers/plant (51.69%), days to 50% flowering (48.95%), days to maturity (48.32%), flag leaf length (68.55%), panicles/m2 (48.61%) and panicle weight (50.39%). D.ShanA was the only good general combiner among the female parent for earliness and dwarfness. Male parent IR64R was best general combiner for dwarfness. The crosses BRRI9A × BR168R and D.ShanA × BR168R were identified as most promising for yield and desired traits based on sca effects, per se performance and gca effects of parents for grain yield and its components in rice which could be exploited beneficially in future rice breeding program by adopting heterosis breeding strategy. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v42i2.18022 Bangladesh J. Bot. 42(2): 215-222, 2013 (December

scholarly journals QTL Mapping of Novel Genomic Regions for Yield Related Traits in Doubled Haploid (DH) Population Derived from the Popular Rice Hybrid KRH-2

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swapnil Ravindra Kulkarni ◽  
Balachandran Sena Munuswamy ◽  
Ulaganathan K ◽  
Divya Balakrishnan ◽  
Hari Prasad A.S. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Minor Effect ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Flag Leaf Width ◽  
Flag Leaf Length ◽  
Panicle Weight

Abstract Background: Rice, being the principal food crop and major nutritional source for more than half of the global population, is also an important source of livelihood in many South and South-East Asian countries. Amidst diminishing natural resources and many biotic-abiotic stresses, increasing the yield of rice varieties remains a challenging task. Identification of novel and yield augmenting alleles from stable rice hybrids is crucial to facilitate their marker-assisted transfer into various genetic backgrounds. Results: Quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping using a population of 125 doubled haploid (DH) lines developed from the cross IR58025A/KMR3R and 126 polymorphic SSR; EST-derived SSR markers led to the identification of 12 each of major-minor effect QTLs for yield related traits. Major effect QTLs were detected for traits namely days to fifty percent flowering, test (1,000) grain weight, plant height, panicle weight, panicle length, flag leaf width, flag leaf length, biomass and total grain yield/plant explaining the phenotypic variability in the range of 29.95%-56.75%. QTL hotspots were detected on chromosome 3 for the traits, panicle length and total grain yield/plant and on chromosome 6 for the traits, panicle length, flag leaf length and total grain yield/plant. Though many of these QTLs were noted to co-localize with the QTL regions reported in earlier studies, five novel and major effect QTLs for panicle length, biomass, flag leaf width, panicle weight, plant height and three novel minor effect QTLs for panicle weight and fertile grains per panicle, were identified in this study. Conclusions: Through this study, both major-minor effect novel QTLs for crucial yield related traits, viz., fertile grains per panicle, panicle length, panicle weight were identified. Further, the QTL hotspots identified on two different chromosomes for flag leaf length, panicle length and total grain yield/plant shall not only help in understanding the underlying genetic mechanisms of yield regulation but also would provide an insight into the genetic synchrony among the various yield related traits in contributing for yield heterosis. The identified QTL hotspots after their validation can be deployed in breeding programs targeted towards improvement of yield heterosis.

scholarly journals Performance of Rice Genotypes in Western Mid Hill of Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 111-116
Author(s):  
Diwakar Gautam ◽  
Bishnu P. Kandel ◽  
Bishnu B. Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Panicle Number ◽  
Flag Leaf Width ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Flag Leaf Length ◽  
On Farm

A field experiment was conducted as on-farm research at Duradanda Lamjung during rainy season 2016 (June to October) to find out the promising genotype to grow in the mid hill of Nepal. The experiment was conducted in Randomized Complete Block Design with 3 replications (farmers as a replication) of 6 genotypes (NR10769-4-2-2, 08FAN10, Khumal 4, NR11105-B-B-27, NR11052-B-B-B-B-66, NR11011-B-B-B-B-29) with a check (Ghaiya). The sterility percent ranged from (15.87-26.35), highest being of 08FAN 10 and lowest of NR 10769. Test weight ranged from (26.03-27.45), highest of Ghaiya and lowest of NR10769. The results revealed that the maximum effective tiller (266 tillers/m2), number of filled grain per panicle (115 grains) and panicle length (27.17 cm) were observed in Ghaiya while minimum effective tiller (202 tillers/m2) and filled grain (77 grains) were found in NR11052-B-B-B-B-66. The result shows that local variety Ghaiya had the highest yield (4.34 ton ha-1) which was highly significant followed by the genotype NR11105-B-B-27 (3.42 ton ha-1) and the genotype NR11052-B-B-B-B-66 had the lowest yield (2.50 ton ha-1). Therefore, ghaiya rice was better in Duradanda as compared to other genotypes and need to be encouraged among farmers. Correlation studied shows that harvest index, thousand grain weight, flag leaf width showed positive and significant association with grain yield, while Flag leaf length, flag leaf area, effective grain per panicle, number of effective tillers per m2, no. of tiller per hill showed positive non significant association to grain yield. So, the improvement in grain yield would be effective and economical, if the selection is based on these component traits.

scholarly journals Characterization of finger millet [Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.] germplasm for morphological parameters under field conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 836-838
Author(s):  
A. P. Goswami ◽  
B. Prasad ◽  
V. C. Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Flag Leaf Length

The trial was conducted at the research block of Crop Improvement, GBPUAT, Hill Campus, Ranichauri using randomized block design (RBD) to characterize finger millet germplasm for morphological characters viz., plant height, flag leaf length, number of tiller plant-1, number of finger ear-1, ear length, no. of grain finger-1, no. of grain ear-1 and grain yield plant-1. Among all germplasms, number of finger ear-1, number of grain finger-1 and grain yield plant-1(g) had recorded highest in VL 149 which were 9.96, 150.66, 2.63 g respectively. The germplasm GEC 1406 attained lowest plant height (75.89 cm), GEC 961 had recorded higher flag leaf length (40.96 cm), GEC 268 had recorded maximum number of tiller plant-1 (3.30), GEC 199 had recorded higher ear length (9.20 cm), GEC 1044 had recorded maximum number of grain ear-1 (663) among all germplasm of finger millet. This study is helpful to identify superior germplasm so they can be used for further finger millet crop improvement programs.

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