scholarly journals In vitro Inorganic Phosphate Solubilization Tests of Cowpea Root Nodule Bacteria from Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Girmaye Kenasa ◽  
B.C. Nandeshwar ◽  
Fassil Assefa
Keyword(s):  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Root Nodule ◽  
Phosphate Solubilization ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Alkaline Soil ◽  
Ph Change ◽  
Agar Media

Background: Phosphorus is one of the limiting plant nutrients in most soil due to its fixation with metal ions both in acidic and alkaline soil. However, some soil bacteria have potential to solubilize the cation-fixed phosphorus and make it available to plants.Methods: Sixty-six cowpea root nodule bacterial species were tested for inorganic phosphate solubilization (PS). PS potential of the isolates from Ca3 (PO4)2, AlPO4 and FePO4 were tested on four different kinds of agar media. Solublization efficiency was determined as Solubilization Index (SI) on agar media and quantity of bioavailable phosphorous on broth media. Result: About 30% of the bacterial isolates, out of which 60% endophytes were Ca3 (PO4)2 solubilizers on Pikovskaya medium but did not grow on media containing AlPO4 and FePO4 as sole P sources. Isolates showed significant variation (p less than 0.05) in Ca3 (PO4)2 solubilization efficiency on the different culture media and ECE-21 (Pseudomonas putida) was versatile in solubilizing Ca3(PO4)2 from the four test media. However, ECE-26A (Bacillus subtilis) showed the highest PS in broth media (140.8 µg ml-1) indicating the moderate correlation (r=0.5578; p less than 0.05) of PS between solid and liquid media. Amounts of P solubilized and pH change of the culture filtrate was inversely correlated (r=-0.731; p less than 0.01). In general, ECE-21 was the most efficient P solubilizer (SI=2.67±0.1; P=87.74±7.4µg ml-1) solublizers and hence can be an ideal candidate as inoculants for the crop production in Ethiopia after field evaluation.

In vitro evaluation of the effect of nicotine, cotinine, and caffeine on oral microorganisms

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 501-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Cogo ◽  
Michelle Franz Montan ◽  
Cristiane de Cássia Bergamaschi ◽  
Eduardo D. Andrade ◽  
Pedro Luiz Rosalen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Planktonic Cells ◽  
Susceptibility Tests

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of nicotine, cotinine, and caffeine on the viability of some oral bacterial species. It also evaluated the ability of these bacteria to metabolize those substances. Single-species biofilms of Streptococcus gordonii , Porphyromonas gingivalis , or Fusobacterium nucleatum and dual-species biofilms of S. gordonii – F. nucleatum and F. nucleatum – P. gingivalis were grown on hydroxyapatite discs. Seven species were studied as planktonic cells, including Streptococcus oralis , Streptococcus mitis , Propionibacterium acnes , Actinomyces naeslundii , and the species mentioned above. The viability of planktonic cells and biofilms was analyzed by susceptibility tests and time-kill assays, respectively, against different concentrations of nicotine, cotinine, and caffeine. High-performance liquid chromatography was performed to quantify nicotine, cotinine, and caffeine concentrations in the culture media after the assays. Susceptibility tests and viability assays showed that nicotine, cotinine, and caffeine cannot reduce or stimulate bacterial growth. High-performance liquid chromatography results showed that nicotine, cotinine, and caffeine concentrations were not altered after bacteria exposure. These findings indicate that nicotine, cotinine, and caffeine, in the concentrations used, cannot affect significantly the growth of these oral bacterial strains. Moreover, these species do not seem to metabolize these substances.

scholarly journals Impact of Different Carbon Sources on the in vitro Growth and Viability of Escherichia coli (SUBE01) and Salmonella spp. (SUBS01) Cells

2016 ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Ifra Tun Nur ◽  
Jannatun Tahera ◽  
Md Sakil Munna ◽  
M Majibur Rahman ◽  
Rashed Noor
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Luria Bertani ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Salmonella Spp

With a previous observation of Escherichia coli growth cessation along with temperature variation within three different bacteriological culture media (nutrient agar, Luria-Bertani agar and minimal agar), current investigation further depicted on the possible growth dynamics of Escherichia coli (SUBE01) and Salmonella (SUBS01) growth and viability upon supplementation of different carbon sources (dextrose, sucrose, lactose, glycerol and tween 20) at 37°C under the aeration of 100 rpm. Viability of the tested bacterial species was assessed through the enumeration of the colony forming unit (cfu) appeared upon prescribed incubation for 12-24 hours on different agar plates consisting of the above mentioned carbon sources. Besides, to inspect the cellular phenotypic changes, morphological observations were conducted under the light microscope. Variations in bacterial growth (either growth acceleration or cessation) were further noticed through the spot tests on the agar plates. Considerable shortfalls in the culturable cells of E. coli and Salmonella spp. were noted in the minimal media separately consisting of sucrose, lactose, glycerol or tween 20 while an opposite impact of accelerated growth was noticed in the media supplied with dextrose. The data revealed a hierarchy of consequence of carbon sources as nutrient generators whereby the favourable bacterial growth and survival order of the carbon sources was estimated as dextrose > glycerol > lactose > tween 20 > sucrose.Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 32, Number 1-2,June-Dec 2015, pp 39-44

Effects of 2,4-D and Amino Acids on Field Bindweed in Vitro

Weed Science ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Harvey ◽  
T. J. Muzik
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Convolvulus Arvensis ◽  
Field Bindweed ◽  
Agar Media ◽  
Differential Binding ◽  
Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid

Two clones of field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensisL.) which differed in their susceptibility to (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid (2,4-D) under field and greenhouse conditions also exhibited similar differences when stem cells were cultured in liquid and agar media. Amino acids added to the culture media altered the response to 2,4-D. Glutamic acid increased the tolerance of the susceptible (S) clone, but reduced the tolerance of the resistant (R) clone. Glutamine increased the susceptibility of the S clone to a much greater degree than it did the R clone. No significant differences were noted in the rates of absorption of metabolism of 2,4-D by the two clones. Glutamine increased and glutamic acid decreased 2,4-D absorption by both clones. Levels of nitrate reductase activity (NRA), soluble protein (SP), and gross RNA (GR) increased in the S tissues but decreased or remained constant in the R tissues exposed to 4.5 × 10−5M 2,4-D. Correlations between 2,4-D susceptibility and NRA demonstrated a relationship between the effects of 2,4-D and nitrogen metabolism. Differential binding of 2,4-D within the cells appears to be the most likely explanation for the differences in response to 2,4-D.

scholarly journals Inorganic Phosphate Solubilization by a Novel Isolated Bacterial Strain Enterobacter sp. ITCB-09 and Its Application Potential as Biofertilizer

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Enrique Mendoza-Arroyo ◽  
Manuel Jesús Chan-Bacab ◽  
Ruth Noemi Aguila-Ramírez ◽  
Benjamín Otto Ortega-Morales ◽  
René Efraín Canché Solís ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Extracellular Polymeric Substances ◽  
Phosphate Solubilization ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Habanero Pepper ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing

The excessive use of fertilizers in agriculture is mainly due to the recognized plant requirements for soluble phosphorus. This problem has limited the implementation of sustainable agriculture. A viable alternative is to use phosphate solubilizing soil microorganisms. This work aimed to isolate inorganic phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria from the soils of agroecosystems, to select and identify, based on sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene, the bacterium with the highest capacity for in vitro solubilization of inorganic phosphate. Additionally, we aimed to determine its primary phosphate solubilizing mechanisms and to evaluate its effect on Habanero pepper seedlings growth. A total of 21 bacterial strains were isolated by their activity on Pikovskaya agar. Of these, strain ITCB-09 exhibited the highest ability to solubilize inorganic phosphate (865.98 µg/mL) through the production of organic acids. This strain produced extracellular polymeric substances and siderophores that have ecological implications for phosphate solubilization. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain ITCB-09 belongs to the genus Enterobacter. Enterobacter sp. ITCB-09, especially when immobilized in beads, had a positive effect on Capsicum chinense Jacq. seedling growth, indicating its potential as a biofertilizer.

scholarly journals Antibacterial effects of nanoimprinted moth-eye film in practical settings

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miho Yamada ◽  
Kiyoshi Minoura ◽  
Takashi Mizoguchi ◽  
Kenichiro Nakamatsu ◽  
Tokio Taguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Antibacterial Effects ◽  
Hand Wash ◽  
Flat Film ◽  
Pet Film ◽  
Nanofabrication Technique

AbstractRecent studies report that surfaces displaying micrometer-or nanometer-sized undulating structures exhibit antibacterial effects. In previous work, we described the use of an advanced nanofabrication technique to generate an artificial biomimetic moth-eye film by coating a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film with nanoscale moth-eye protrusions made from a hydrophilic resin. This moth-eye film exhibited enhanced antibacterial effects in in vitro experiments. The aim of the present study was to verify the antibacterial efficacy of the Moth-eye film in practical environments. Three types of films (Moth-eye film, Flat film, and PET film) were used to compare antibacterial effects. Sample films were pasted onto hand-wash sinks at the testing locations. After several hours of elapsed time, bacteria from the surface of sample films were collected using one of three kinds of culture media stampers (to permit identification of bacterial species). The stampers were incubated for 48 hours at 35 °C, and the numbers of colonies were counted.The number of common bacteria including E. coli and S. aureus from the Moth-eye film was significantly lower than that from the PET film (p<0.05) and that from the Flat film at 1 hour (p<0.05). This study found that the Moth-eye film had durability of antibacterial effect and the Moth-eye structure (PET coated with nanoscale cone-shaped pillars) had a physical antibacterial effect from the earlier time points. Therefore, the Moth-eye film might be useful for general-purpose applications in practical environments.

scholarly journals Photoautotrophic System: A Review and Potential Application for Plant Propagation In Vitro

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
Krisantini Krisantini ◽  
Ni Made Armini Wiendi
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Co2 Enrichment ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
System A ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Micro Propagation ◽  
Agar Media ◽  
Propagation Methods

AbstractThe standard method of in vitro plant micro propagation uses of tightly closed culture bottles using agar media containing macro and micro nutrients and sucrose as a source of carbon for the explants. The closed bottle culture is usually kept in a temperature and light controlled environment which is lower and of different quality from the natural sunlight, resulting in high relative humidity and no air exchange inside the bottles.  Explants produced in vitro have malfunctioned stomata, undeveloped cuticles and lower leaf chlorophyll levels, and hyper hydration of the plantlets. Photoautotrophic tissue culture is micro propagation without or with a reduced sugar level in the culture media, so the growth or accumulation of carbohydrates of the explants is dependent fully upon photosynthesis and inorganic nutrient uptake. This method is usually combined with ventilation or CO2 enrichment, and recently, with incorporating porous materials such as vermiculite, gum or paper pulp to the agar media to promote better root system of the explants. This article discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the photoautotrophic micro propagation compared to the standard micro propagation methods, and provided the results of the photo autotrophic micro propagation studies conducted at Laboratory of Tissue Culture II of the Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia.

scholarly journals Dextranomer/Hyaluronic Acid Copolymer (Dx/HA) Has no Effect on Bacterial Growth in Culture Media With or Without Antibiotic Discs

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karabulut R ◽  
Doğruman-Al F ◽  
Türkyılmaz Z ◽  
Sönmez K ◽  
Demirel F ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Acid Copolymer ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
Mueller Hinton Agar ◽  
Agar Media ◽  
Inhibition Zones ◽  
Made In

Introduction: Endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral refl ux (VUR) by subureteral injection of biocompatible polymers is an established treatment option for refl ux. Dextranomer/hyaluronic acid copolymer(Dx/HA) has gained wide popularity for treating VUR. We decided to investigate the antibacterial activity of Dx/HA and its interaction with antibiotics in in-vitro conditions. Materials and Methods: Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus mirabilis suspensions were inoculated into Mueller-Hinton agar media and 30 μl of Dx/HA was inoculated in 5 mm diameter pits and the plates were incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. At the end of the incubation period, inhibition zones around the discs were measured. Expansion of the inhibition zones towards the pits which contained Dx/HA was considered as synergism. Dx/ HA was inoculated into pits made in Mueller-Hinton agar medium without antibiotic discs but containing suspensions of bacteria. These media were incubated under the same circumstances and same measurements were done. All experimental procedures were performed twice. Increase in bacterial zone diameters for ≥ 5 mm was inoculated was regarded as signifi cant for each agent. Results: Dx/HA caused no difference in bacterial growth either with or without antibiotic discs as determined by inhibition zones in the culture media. Conclusion : Dx/ha will not contribute to UTI if it is used for the treatment of VUR in cases either with or without infection.

Activité antimicrobienne d'antioxydants phénoliques

1978 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 1306-1320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Turcotte ◽  
Samir A. Saheb
Keyword(s):  
Culture Media ◽  
Osmotic Shock ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Butylated Hydroxytoluene ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
The Family ◽  
Increased Sensitivity

The antimicrobial activity of three antioxydants, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and ethoxyquin (ETO) was studied. In vitro assays showed that when these antioxydants are added to the culture media at concentrations lower or equal to that used in nutrition, they inhibit or decrease the growth of certain microorganisms. BHT showed the most marked effect, affecting Gram-positive bacteria at a higher degree than the Gram-negative bacteria belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae. Inactivation study of different bacterial species by BHT revealed differences in sensitivity among a single genus and between strains of the same species. The association of ETO with BHT results in an increase of the inhibitory activity. The increased sensitivity to BHT resulting from the osmotic shock of Escherichia coli cells suggests that the resistance to BHT of the Gram-negative bacteria belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae might be due in part to the structure of their cell wall.

Extracellular ribonuclease secretion by Ustilago hordei

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (11) ◽  
pp. 2035-2039
Author(s):  
N. T. Bech-Hansen ◽  
C. O. Person
Keyword(s):  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Phosphate Concentration ◽  
Glucose Content ◽  
Ustilago Hordei ◽  
Parasitic Phase

RNase assays and gel electrophoresis of culture media have provided evidence that U. hordei, grown in vitro during the haploid (non-parasitic) phase, produced several extracellular RNases. The secretion of the RNases occurred during the end of log phase and at the beginning of stationary phase. Secretion was not affected by the addition of RNA, or by varying the inorganic phosphate concentration; it was enhanced in media of increased glucose content.

scholarly journals Unified Classification of Bacterial Colonies on Different Agar Media Based on Hyperspectral Imaging and Machine Learning

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1797
Author(s):  
Peng Gu ◽  
Yao-Ze Feng ◽  
Le Zhu ◽  
Li-Qin Kong ◽  
Xiu-ling Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culture Media ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Luria Bertani ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Universal Method ◽  
Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm ◽  
Agar Media

A universal method by considering different types of culture media can enable convenient classification of bacterial species. The study combined hyperspectral technology and versatile chemometric algorithms to achieve the rapid and non-destructive classification of three kinds of bacterial colonies (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella) cultured on three kinds of agar media (Luria–Bertani agar (LA), plate count agar (PA) and tryptone soy agar (TSA)). Based on the extracted spectral data, partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and support vector machine (SVM) were employed to established classification models. The parameters of SVM models were optimized by comparing genetic algorithm (GA), particle swarm optimization (PSO) and grasshopper optimization algorithm (GOA). The best classification model was GOA-SVM, where the overall correct classification rates (OCCRs) for calibration and prediction of the full-wavelength GOA-SVM model were 99.45% and 98.82%, respectively, and the Kappa coefficient for prediction was 0.98. For further investigation, the CARS, SPA and GA wavelength selection methods were used to establish GOA-SVM simplified model, where CARS-GOA-SVM was optimal in model accuracy and stability with the corresponding OCCRs for calibration and prediction and the Kappa coefficients of 99.45%, 98.73% and 0.98, respectively. The above results demonstrated that it was feasible to classify bacterial colonies on different agar media and the unified model provided a continent and accurate way for bacterial classification.

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