scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of Growth Performance among Broilers Supplemented with Synthetic Lysine Amino Acid from 0-28 Days

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Melaku ◽  
M Urge ◽  
G Animut
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Different Levels

Different levels of synthetic lysine amino acid were supplemented to 240 starter broiler chicks randomly distributed to 12 groups of each 20-day chicks and allocated to four treatment diets in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). T1 (Control) basal diet (0% synthetic lysine); T2 (0.15% synthetic lysine); T3 (0.3% synthetic lysine) and T4 (0.45% synthetic lysine). There was no significant difference (P>0.05) observed between treatments in dry matter, metabolizable energy, crude protein intake, body weight and death rate of the chicks. In conclusion, there were no significant changes for all parameters and further amino acid analysis of the feedstuffs is required and extra addition above 0.45% synthetic lysine of T4 need to be added in this experiment which numerically improved the chick’s performance. Further experiments were recommended to evaluate the levels of lysine amino acid in the feedstuffs and its inclusion level in to the diet of modern broiler strains.

scholarly journals Digestible tryptophan levels for male broilers in pre-starter and starter diets

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2529
Author(s):  
Bruno Samuel Borges ◽  
Romão Da Cunha Nunes ◽  
Jose Henrique Strighini ◽  
Alessandra Gimenez Mascarenhas ◽  
Heloísa Helena de Carvalho Mello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Galvanized Steel ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Polynomial Regression Models ◽  
Different Levels

The objective was to determine the digestible tryptophan requirements for male broilers in pre-starter and starter phases. Two experiments using 400 Cobb broilers were performed 200 males in the first experiment for the pre-starter phase (one to seven days old), and 200 males in the second experiment for the starter phase (eight to 21 days old). Chicks were housed in batter boxes made of galvanized steel as an experimental shed. The experiments were performed in a completely randomized design, with four treatments and five replicates, with ten birds each. In both experiments, the tryptophan requirement was determined using diets with different levels of digestible tryptophan. A tryptophan-deficient diet was formulated, as a basal diet, which was supplemented with increased levels of L-tryptophan in order to achieve the desirable digestible tryptophan levels. Treatments consisted of 0.209% (basal diet); 0.223%; 0.235% and 0.248% digestible tryptophan for the pre-starter phase (experiment 1) and 0.187% (basal diet); 0.200%, 0.211% and 0.223% digestible tryptophan for the starter phase (experiment 2). We evaluated feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion, as well as the metabolizability of feed nutrients. The performance and metabolic data were subjected to analysis of variance, and estimates of digestible tryptophan levels were made through polynomial regression models at 5% probability. There was no significant difference between the digestible tryptophan levels in the diet over performance and digestibility in both treatments. It is possible to conclude that the basal diet with 0.209% digestible tryptophan for the pre-starter phase and 0.187% for the starter phase, at a tryptophan: lysine ratio of 16%, as sufficient to meet the broilers requirements.

scholarly journals PERSENTASE KARKAS DAN LEMAK ABDOMEN BROILER YANG MENGGUNAKAN DAUN MURBEI (Morus alba) SEGAR SEBAGAI PENGGANTI SEBAGIAN RANSUM BASAL

ZOOTEC ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Gratia Mangais ◽  
M. Najoan ◽  
B Bagau ◽  
C A. Rahasia
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Morus Alba ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Mulberry Leaves ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

CARCASS PERCENTAGE AND ABDOMINAL FAT OF BROILER CHICKEN CONSUMING DIETS PARTLY REPLACED WITH FRESHMULBERRY (Morus alba) LEAVES. An experiment was conducted to elaborate carcass percentage and abdominal fat of broiler chicken consuming diets partly replaced with fresh Mulberry (Morus alba) leaves. The present study was conducted for 3 weeks using 60 day old chicks (DOC) CP 707 broiler chicks. Birds were placed in battery cages and were assigned to each dietary treatment (4 treatments) which was replicated five times in a completely randomized design (CRD) arrangement and data were all submitted to the ANOVA procedure.Treatment diets were formulated as follow: R0 = basal diet + 0% fresh Mulberry leaves; R1 = 98% basal diet + 2.0% fresh Mulberry leaves; R2= 96.0% basal diet + 4.0% fresh Mulberry leaves; and R3 = 94.0% basal diet + 6.0% fresh Mulberry leaves. Variables measured were carcass percentage and abdominal fat. Research results showed that treatments gave a non-significant different (P>0.05) on carcass percentage; where as treatments significantly (P<0,05) affected abdominal fat. R0 (basal diet + 0% fresh Mulberry leaves) gave a significantly (P < 0.05) higher abdominal fat compared with R1, R2, and R3 treatments; while among R1, R2, and R3 treatments gave a non-significant difference on abdominal fat indices. It can be concluded that fresh Mulberry (Morus alba) leaves can be used up to 6.0% as a replacement of basal diet of broiler chicken in this study. Key words: Broiler chicken, Mulberry leaves,carcass percentage, abdominal fat.

scholarly journals The effects of different levels of protein and silymarin on the population growth and hypopharyngeal gland surface of honey bee workers (Apis mellifera meda)

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-358
Author(s):  
Sayed Hossaini ◽  
Mohsen Sari ◽  
Gholamhosein Tahmasbi ◽  
Morteza Chaji
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Hypopharyngeal Gland ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Bee Colonies ◽  
Different Levels

A pollen substitute is a valuable resource to maintain bee colonies strong and healthy, in the absence of pollen in sufficient quantities in nature. Hence, the current study was performed to investigate the effects of different levels of dietary proteins and silymarin (SM) as a natural antioxidant, on honey bee worker colonies. The study was carried out as a completely randomized design in an experiment conducted using 36 honey bee colonies in a completely randomized design with nine experimental treatments (four levels of crude protein 0, 20, 30 and 40%, two levels of silymarin 0 and 0.2 mM and pure pollen (control)), and four replications at Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan in autumn 2015. In current study parameters such as workers in sealed broods, newborn workers bee weight, body protein and, the amount of development of Hypopharyngeal gland surface were studied. Soybean meal, maize and wheat gluten were included as pollen substitutes. Based on the results of the pre-experiment, SM supplement at a dose of two-tenths mM improved the survival of bees. Capped broods number using the divided box into squares with 2 ? 2 cm, newborn workers bee weight using the balance, body protein based on the percentage of body weight and development of the Hypopharyngeal gland surface using microscopes and micrometers were measured. The results showed that there was a significant difference between treatments in terms of laying eggs (P <0.05). The highest and lowest rate of workers in sealed broods were related to treatment containing 30% protein and SM (12467 cells) and sucrose treatment (2042 cells), respectively. Also, the highest and lowest newborn workers bee weight were related to pollen treatment and the sucrose treatment, respectively (P <0.05). Body protein of worker bees in studied treatments had significant differences (P <0.05), so that the widest and narrowest percent body protein were observed in a diet containing 30% protein and SM and sucrose treatment, respectively. The Hypopharyngeal gland surface in the colonies fed with different diets was significantly different (P<0.05) and the widest and narrowest of its surface were observed in the diet containing 30% protein and SM and sucrose treatment, respectively. According to the current results, to maximize the reproduction of bees, a diet containing 30% crude protein is proposed.

scholarly journals Semi purified glycerins in growing and finishing pigs feeding (30-90 kg)

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 221-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliane Maria Piano Gonçalves ◽  
Ivan Moreira ◽  
Paulo Cesar Pozza ◽  
Paulo Levi de Oliveira Carvalho ◽  
Juliana Beatriz Toledo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Performance Results

Two experiments were carried out to determine the nutritional value and to evaluate the performance and carcass traits in the growing-finishing pigs fed on two types of semipurified glycerin, which were made from vegetable oil (SPGV) and mixed of animal + vegetable oil (SPGM). In the digestibility trial (experiment I) 32 crossbreed barrows were used with initial body weight of 45.08 ± 4.11kg. It were used three levels of inclusion (6, 12 e 18%) of semipurified glycerin (SPGV and SPGM) in the basal diet. The metabolizable energy (ME) value of glycerin were estimated by regression of ME (kcal/kg) intake associated with glycerin vs. glycerin intake (kg). The values of ME (kcal/kg) obtained were: 2,731 for SPGV and 2,210 for SPGM. In experiment II, 72 pigs (30.08 ± 1.65 to 60.58 ± 3.57) in growing and (60.83 ± 2.63 to 93.79 ± 5.72) in finishing phase, were allotted in a completely randomized design in a 2 x 4 + 1 factorial scheme, with two types of semipurified glycerin (SPGV and SPGA), four inclusion levels (4; 8; 12 and 16%), eight experimental unit and a control diet containing no glycerin (0%). All pigs were slaughtered to evaluate the carcass traits. The performance results suggest that it is feasible to use up to 16% of both semipurified glycerins on growing and finishing pigs feeding, without impairing performance and carcass traits.

scholarly journals Golden mussel (Limnoperna fortunei) in feed for broiler chicks using tannin as a sequestrant of toxic metals

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 843
Author(s):  
Douglas Fernando Bayerle ◽  
Ricardo Vianna Nunes ◽  
Affonso Celso Gonçalves Junior ◽  
Lucas Wachholz ◽  
Carina Scherer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Inert Material ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Golden Mussel ◽  
Different Levels

This study aimed to evaluate the use of wattle tannin as an adsorbent of toxic metals in broilers fed on diets with different levels of replacement of limestone with golden mussel meal. First, we conducted a trial to evaluate the performance of broiler chicks from 1 to 21 days old when fed on wattle tannin. For this we used 720 male broiler chicks that were one day old, in a completely randomized design with six treatments and six replications. The treatments were composed of basal diets with increasing levels of wattle tannin (0, 250, 500, 750, 1000 and 1250 g tonne-1), where the tannin replaced the inert material of the feed. All of the diets were isonutritive and isocaloric. The results showed that 250 g tonne-1 of tannin was detrimental to weight gain, final weight and feed conversion, and the use of 1000 g tonne-1 of wattle tannin, in addition to these effects, caused a drop in consumption of the ration. There was no effect of treatment on morphometric measurements of villi, crypt or the villus:crypt ratio. Next, we conducted a second test to evaluate the performance of broiler chicks from 1 to 21 days of age when fed with increasing levels of replacement (0, 25, 50, 75, 100%) of limestone with golden mussel and even supplementation or not wattle tannin. Five repetitions were used and the birds were housed in a completely randomized design. In diets with the inclusion of tannin, 250 g tonne-1 of wattle tannin was used, which replaced the inert material in the feed. In this test, 1200 male broiler chicks that were one day old were used. The results showed that the golden mussel contains large quantities of calcium, with low concentrations of toxic metals and microbiological contamination within the allowed range. Performance data show that mussel can be used to replace up to 100% of limestone in feed without affecting the variables, but the use of 250 g tonne-1 of wattle tannin affects the performance of chicks. Bone quality was not changed by the treatments. Phosphorus and calcium in the bones remained stable during treatment and only the gray variation showed interaction effects from the use of mussel and wattle tannin.

scholarly journals Effect of Adding Different Levels of Portulaca oleracea L. Seeds and Leaves Powder to The Diet on Productive and Physiological Performance of Broiler Chickens (Ross 308)

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-48
Author(s):  
Ahmed J. Shirshaab ◽  
Jaffar M. Jassim
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Portulaca Oleracea ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Escherichia Coli Bacteria ◽  
Different Levels

This study was conducted in the Poultry Field of the College of Agriculture, Basrah University for the period from 20/9/2019 to 24/10/2019 to investigate the effect of adding different levels of Portulaca oleracea L. seeds and leaves powder on some physiological characteristics of broilers. A total 216 one day old unsexed Ross-308 broiler chicks were used in this study. The chicks were randomly distributed into six treatments replicated three times (12 chicks each replicate). The experiment was designed as a completely randomized design (CRD). The first treatment was control (basal diet), P. oleracea seed powder was added as 5 & 10 g.kg-1 for the 2nd and 3rd treatments. Leaves powder was added as 5 and 10 g.kg-1 to the basal diet in treatment 4th and 5th. In the 6th treatment 5 gm of seed and 5 gm of leaves powder was added to the basal diet. The results showed that there was a significant (P <0.05) decrease in serum glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in all additive treatments compared to control. There was also a significant decrease (P <0.05) in Escherichia coli bacteria count, as well as a significant improvement (P <0.05) in the number of Lactobacilli bacteria in all addition treatments compared to the control group. The addition of P. oleracea seeds and leaves powder had no significant effect on some haematological indices and on the total protein concentration in the serum. The study confirms the importance of adding powder of seeds or leaves in the broiler diet because it has a positive role in improving some of the physiological and microbial blood characteristics of the broiler.

scholarly journals Digestible lysine requirement for European laying quail

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e46070
Author(s):  
Teófilo Izidio de Morais Severo ◽  
Marco Aurélio Carneiro de Holanda ◽  
Mônica Calixto Ribeiro de Holanda ◽  
Leandro Ricardo Rodrigues de Lucena ◽  
Wilson Moreira Dutra Junior
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Coturnix Coturnix ◽  
Linear Behavior ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Different Levels

The experiment was carried out to evaluate the productive performance of European quails (Coturnix coturnix) in the production phase, fed with diets containing different levels of digestible lysine. A total of 175 female quails, aged 65 days, were randomly distributed in a completely randomized design with five treatments and five replicates per treatment. The animals were housed in 25 metal cages, and each cage represented an experimental parcel, with seven birds per parcel. The birds were fed the experimental rations containing 1.177, 1.217, 1.317, 1.417, and 1.517% digestible lysine. The parameters evaluated were: laying rate, mass of eggs produced, feed intake in the period, lysine intake, feed conversion per dozen and per mass. Significant differences were observed for posture rate with quadratic behavior, which indicated higher production for the level of 1.23% of digestible lysine. There was an increasing linear behavior for the feed and lysine intake, and for conversion feed per dozen and by mass, we observed quadratic behaviors. This indicates better feed conversion index when the optimal inclusion level was 1.33% and 1.404% of digestible lysine in the diet, respectively. The requirement of digestible lysine in diets for European quails is 1.404%, which corresponds to a daily intake of 421.20 milligrams of digestible lysine.

scholarly journals Nutrient utilization by rabbits fed brewers' dried grains from different proportions of barley, maize and sorghum

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-193
Author(s):  
J. A. Olupona ◽  
O. O. Balogun
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Local Sources ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the energy and protein of Brewers' Dried Grains (BDG) produced from different proportions of harley, maize and sorghum on the performance of rabbits. Sixteen (16) rabbits made up of New Zealand and Chinchilla, eight (8) weeks old averaging 1.20kg were used in the trial in a completely randomized design. The four (4) diets were BDG (maize: barley: sorghum) (BDG MBS); BDG (maize: harley) (BDGMB); BDG (maize: sorghum) (BDG MS) and BDG (sorghum) (BDG S). The diets were the only source of protein and energy. The treatment effect was significant (p < 0.05) with the highest crude protein digestibility and nitrogen retention values recorded for BDG MBS. The digestible and metabolizable energy values were not significantly different (p > 0.05) for the BDG investigated. The digestible energy values determined for BDG MS, BDGS, BDG MBS and BDG MB in W/kg of dry matter were 16.97, 15.57, 14.84 and 13.35 respectively while the values for ME in MJ/kg of dry matter were 16.32, 14.91, 14.31 and 12.34 respectively. BDG from local sources have potential to make complete feed for rabbits judging from their impressive energy and protein values.

scholarly journals Effect of Prebiotics and Probiotics as natural growth promoters in broiler chicks

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
C. T. Ezeokeke
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Natural Growth ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Metabolizable Energy Intake

Sixty day-old broiler chicks (Ross breed) were treated with or without prebiotics and probiotics (Natural growth promoters) containing immune extracts at the starter (1-5wks) and finisher (6-10wks) phases. The birds were allocated to no diets (one test and one control) in a contpletely randomized design. Each treatment had three replicates of ten birds per replicate. Energy and protein levels of the diets were 3000 Kcal ME/kg and crude protein (CP) of 20% and 3000 Kcal ME/kg and 17% CP at starter and finisher phases, respectively. The experiment lasted ten weeks. The daily metabolizable energy intake for body maintenance, 146.97 cal./ day for birds on the tesi diet was significantly (P<0.05) higher than those birds on the control diet, 113.04 cal./day at the starter phase. At the finisher phase, efficiency of feed utilization (0.38 as against 0.19), mean weights of live (1920g as against /570g) and plucked (1740 as against 1380g) parts of the treated birds were significantly (P<0.05) betier than the untreated birds. Other parameters measured increased more for the treated birds but were not significant (P>0.05). The immune status conferred on the birds ensured adequate protection from death for the treated birds. The untreated birds suffered 67% more mortality than the treated birds. Though mortality rate was within the acceptable limits for both treated and untreated birds. The results of the experiment showed that Enterococcus faesium, inulin together with cell-wall fragments and immune stimulant extracts as probiotics and prebiotics enhanced growth performance of broiler chicks. The trial was successful. 

scholarly journals Effect of Garlic (Allium sativum) oil inclusion on Nutrient Retention and Caeca Microbial Population of Broiler Chickens

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Oluwafemi R.A ◽  
Bamigboye Samson. O ◽  
Olaitan Dayo
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Microbial Population ◽  
Nutrient Retention ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference

 This study was carried to evaluate the “Effect of Garlic (Allium sativum) oil inclusion on nutrient digestibility and caeca microbial population of broiler chickens”. A total of 180 one- day-old (Arbo acre) broiler chicks of mixed sex purchased from a reputable hatchery was used in this study which lasted for eight (8) weeks. The birds were divided into four experimental groups; each group was further subdivided into three replicates of fifteen birds per each in a Complete Randomized Design (CRD). The garlic (Allum sativum) oil was added to the basal diet at (0.00, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 %) level respectively. The treatment were T1, T2, T3, and T4 with T1 serving as control. Parameters measured covered nutrient retention and caeca microbial population. The results on nutrient digestibility showed a significant difference (P<0.05) among the treatments. Percentage digestibility of crude protein and crude fibre was significantly (P<0.05) higher in birds fed 0.3% of garlic oil. 

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