scholarly journals Reconsidering Perversion – a Conceptual Proposal

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf Binswanger
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Successful Therapy ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Specific Mode ◽  
Sexual Drive ◽  
Sexual Activities ◽  
Psychoanalytic Literature ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
And Behavior

There is still no simple or agreed-upon definition of perversion. Furthermore, changing cultural opinions on sexuality question even the use of this term. In answer to these challenges, a conceptional distinction is proposed between sexuality per se, describing an aspect of an individual’s personality, and sexuality in actu, describing manifest sexual fantasy and behavior. Sexuality per se subsumes hetero- and homosexuality as well as conditions traditionally called “perversions” on the same de-pathologized level and calls them adult sexual organizations. The use of the terms perversion and perverse is restricted to a specific mode of sexuality in actu, i.e. when, in sexual activities, non-sexual functions have gained priority over sexual drive satisfaction. This clarifies which sexual activity may be an issue of psychoanalytic scrutiny and of often successful therapy and which not. Two case examples and a brief look into psychoanalytic literature illustrate the proposal.

Responses to Complex Erotic Stimuli in Homosexual and Heterosexual Males

1975 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matig Mavissakalian ◽  
Edward B. Blanchard ◽  
Gene G. Abel ◽  
David H. Barlow
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Sexual Arousal ◽  
Penile Erection ◽  
Sexual Preference ◽  
Sexual Activities ◽  
Erotic Stimuli ◽  
Sexual Responses ◽  
Valid Assessment ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Penile Circumference

The technique of measuring penile erection is the most valid assessment of sexual arousal in males (Zuckerman, 1971). The stimuli used during assessments of sexual preference with this technique have for the most part, been still or moving pictures of nude single females and males (Freund, 1963; McConaghy, 1967; Barlow, Becker, Leitenberg and Agras, 1970). Recently Abel, Barlow, Blanchard and Mavissakalian (in press) have shown that erotic films produce significantly greater penile circumference changes than either slides or audiotaped descriptions in homosexual males. Similarly, Sandford (1974) showed the superiority of films over slides in heterosexual males and suggested that sexual activity rather than nakedness per se may be the more important in producing sexual arousal. The main purpose of this study was to determine what sexual activities produce significantly different sexual responses in homosexual and heterosexual males.

scholarly journals Concept Analysis of Caring Personality for Nursing: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuntarti ◽  
Yeni Rustina ◽  
Jahja Umar ◽  
Dewi Irawati
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Care ◽  
Concept Analysis ◽  
Personal Integrity ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Caring Behavior ◽  
Adaptation And Learning ◽  
Human Trait ◽  
Professional Care ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
And Behavior

Caring as a human trait means that a nurse should have a caring personality. As a personality, caring will be an enduring characteristic and behavior; so, a caring nurse always shows caring behavior throughout his or her lifetime. Although experts have studied and applied the concept of caring, studies on the concept of a caring personality are rare. The purpose of this article is to conceptualize the meaning and significance of a caring personality among nurses providing nursing care. To achieve this, we used the Walker and Avant concept analysis approach. The attributes of a caring personality include (1) altruism, (2) emotional intelligence, (3) emotional stability, (4) personal integrity, and (5) optimism. The antecedents of these attributes are biological bases, characteristic adaptation, and learning organization. Nurses with caring personalities will have an impact on professional caring and patient satisfaction. This article presents case examples and a definition of a caring personality. This study concludes that a caring personality in a nurse is an essential foundation for the provision of professional care and satisfaction of patients in nursing care and that the nurse must have a caring personality, in order to provide high-quality, humanized healthcare.

scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN KONSEP KEPRIBADIAN MENURUT BARAT DAN ISLAM

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
Agus Silahudin
Keyword(s):  
Body Shape ◽  
Human Personality ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Islamic Faith ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Islamic Literature

Personality is something that attracts the attention of many parties. Many theories that try to give some concepts and definitions related to the human personality with different points of view. Western psychologists try to provide a definition of personality that is psychological based on the word person, but until now the personality psychologists themselves still do not agree on what the definition of personality actually is. While in Islam, the concept of personality has been thoroughly discussed in various Islamic literature. The Apostle as an example for Muslims has applied the concept of personality and actions and behavior. Thus, the concept of personality according to Islam, that Islamic personality is defined as "a unified integration of the workings of aqliyah and nafsiyah based on Islamic faith which gives birth to actions". Human personality is not shaped and influenced by body shape, face and other accessories. Human personality is formed by aqliyah and nafsiyah.

PSYCHOLOGICAL EXPERTISE IN COURT DURING INVESTIGATION OF CRIMINAL LEADERSHIP

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
S. V. Kondratyuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional States ◽  
Personal Traits ◽  
Psychological Model ◽  
Leadership Attributes ◽  
Personal Attitude ◽  
The Status ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Psychological Expertise ◽  
And Behavior

The paper considers the possibilities of psychological expertise in court when proving the fact of guilty of a person holding the highest position within the crime hierarchy. The study understands the criminal hierarchy as a definite social crime unit controlled by authoritarianism principles. A crime unit boss obtains a leading position as a result of natural selection according to the psychological parameters of a person. The structure of a crime lord personality includes the specific appearance and behavior attributes. The author generalized personal traits of a crime lord of various tendencies and identified that the common personality trait of criminal units’ leaders is the love for power. The study showed that to achieve personal life attitude, the leader proves the status by the attributes of appearance and behavior. The acquisition of a leading position is associated with carrying out the initiation ceremony. The attitude of a person to the ritual of award of the highest status within the criminal hierarchy as well as to the attributes of a crime lord is considered as a fact to be determined in the process of investigation of such crimes. The paper specifies the parameters of a psychological model of a crime leader, proves the applicability of the court psychological expertise of emotional states and individual psychological constitution to identify the personal attitude of a suspect to various attributes of the highest status within the criminal hierarchy. The author defines general and particular objects of psychological expertise in court on the cases over the acquisition of a leading position within the criminal hierarchy. They can be a suspect personality, as well as the episodes of his/her behavior in the underworld and within the experiment conditions recorded using technical facilities. The study showed the rationale of the forensic examination of a group of people being members of one criminal unit. The author proposes the definition of issues placed for the resolution of the court psychological expertise of the crime leadership. The subject matter of the issues put before an expert is the identification of the importance of various crime leadership attributes for an examinee.

Mentoring Pre-Service Teachers at a Historically Black University

2015 ◽  
pp. 217-232
Author(s):  
Helen Brantley ◽  
Cassandra Sligh Conway
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Education ◽  
Historically Black ◽  
Black Colleges ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Mentoring Relationships ◽  
Teacher Education Programs ◽  
Education Programs ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Historically Black University ◽  
Definition Of

Mentoring relationships that can provide connections regionally and nationally are essential to prepare pre-service teachers (Crocito, Sullivan, & Carrabar, 2005). Moreover, a global perspective in mentoring pre-service teachers is needed in all teacher education programs to give pre-service teachers authentic application skills. The mentoring experiences provided in the chapter are based on experiences at Historically Black Colleges and Universities. These same mentoring experiences can occur at any type of university. These experiences are integral to enhance the understanding of preparing pre-service teachers in a global and ever changing society. The purpose of this chapter is as follows: 1) to provide a conceptual definition of mentoring; 2) to provide an example of a mentoring evaluation program; 3) to provide case examples of global and cultural mentoring experiences that impact pre-service teachers; 3) to provide examples of how educators can implement globalization activities in instructional materials; and 4) to provide an intellectual discussion of future strategies that impact practical and field experiences in teacher education programs.

Misbehavior and behavior

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peggy D. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Student Behavior ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Educational Psychologist ◽  
Peace Of Mind ◽  
Simple Idea ◽  
Student Misbehavior ◽  
Unique Definition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
And Behavior

Student misbehavior has the power to make our lives miser­able, derail our lessons, and convince us that we should not be teachers. Whether we are early- , mid- , or late- career educa­tors, few experiences in life rob us of our peace of mind to the extent that student misbehaviors do. Sometimes our attempts to manage student behavior prob­lems cause us to become so hypervigilant that we turn into pouncers. We jump on any potential behavioral infraction we see, and that becomes our habit. Always watchful in order to stave off unruly behavior, we can become harsh, unyielding, and strident in our attempts to keep students “under control.” Yet what if we’re wrong about misbehavior? What if it’s not what we think it is? One of the most profound changes we can make in our teach­ing comes from a very simple idea, a unique definition of misbe­havior. Educational psychologist C. M. Charles tells us that only when behavior is knowingly and willingly obstructing is it misbe­havior (Charles, 1985, p. 4). Could it be true that most of what we see in schools is simply behavior? Reinterpreting behaviors initially takes some effort, but it is well spent. Soon such reinterpretation becomes automatic. The habit of seeing behavior first as simply behavior gives us pause. And that pause allows us to craft our verbal and emotional responses. • We more often retain a calm internal and external counte­nance. This calm allows us to address the behavior and the consequence matter- of- factly and without accusation. • We respond with the appropriate level of assertiveness and direction. • We give a moment of grace to neutrally identify what we see and hear. • We explain calmly and assertively why the behavior needs to change. Consider this. Sometimes we adults are rude, annoying, unfair, rough, or vulgar. Are we misbehaving? Is our misbehavior worthy of punishment? When we give up assuming intent, it changes us. We may choose not to ignore the behavior, but we also do not presume malicious or disrespectful intent.

The EXPRESS-I Language

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Schenck ◽  
Peter Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Information Modeling ◽  
Real Numbers ◽  
Geometric Point ◽  
Computer Automation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Data Elements ◽  
Specific Implementation ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Specification Techniques ◽  
Test Suites

Now we turn to the question: ‘Once I have created an abstract declaration in EXPRESS, what would an instance of that thing look like?’ EXPRESS-I allows you to create instances of EXPRESS things that have values in place of references to datatypes. The main reason for doing this is to study some realistic examples of things that otherwise might be difficult to understand. After all, it is one thing to describe a tree and quite another to actually see one. Some of the design goals of EXPRESS-I are based on these requirements: • Major information modeling projects are large and complex. Managing them without appropriate tools based on formal languages and methods is a risky proposition. Informal specification techniques eliminate the possibility of employing computer automation in checking for inconsistencies in presentation or specification. • The language should focus on the display of the realization of the properties of entities, which are the things of interest. The definition of entities is in terms of data and behavior. Data represents the properties by which an entity is realized and behavior is represented by constraints. • The language should seek to avoid, as far as possible, specific implementation views. That is, EXPRESS-I models do not suggest the structure of databases, object bases, or of information bases in general. • The language should provide a means for displaying small populated models of EXPRESS schemas as examples for design reviews. • The language should provide a means for supporting the specification of test suites for information model processors. EXPRESS-I represents entity instances in terms of the values of its attributes (attributes are the traits or characteristics considered important for use and understanding). These values have a representation which might be considered simple (an integer value) or something more complex (an entity value). A geometric point might be defined in terms of three real numbers named x, y and z, and the actual values associated with those attributes might be 1.0, 2.5 and 7.9. The EXPRESS-I instance language provides a means of displaying instantiations of EXPRESS data elements. The language is designed principally for human readability and for ease of generating EXPRESS-I element instances from definitions in an EXPRESS schema.

scholarly journals NEUROMUSCULAR CHANGES WITH AGING AND SARCOPENIA

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
B.C. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
The Past ◽  
Conceptual Definition ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
And Function

Sarcopenia was originally conceptualized as the age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass. Over the ensuing decades, the conceptual definition of sarcopenia has changed to represent a condition in older adults that is characterized by declining muscle mass and function, with “function” most commonly conceived as muscle weakness and/or impaired physical performance (e.g., slow gait speed). Findings over the past 15-years, however, have demonstrated that changes in grip and leg extensor strength are not primarily due to muscle atrophy per se, and that to a large extent, are reflective of declines in the integrity of the nervous system. This article briefly summarizes findings relating to the complex neuromuscular mechanisms that contribute to reductions in muscle function associated with advancing age, and the implications of these findings on the development of effective therapies.

scholarly journals Trust motivation: The self-regulatory processes underlying trust decisions

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 99-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa van der Werff ◽  
Alison Legood ◽  
Finian Buckley ◽  
Antoinette Weibel ◽  
David de Cremer
Keyword(s):  
Goal Setting ◽  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Cognitive Trust ◽  
Regulatory Processes ◽  
Dynamic View ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
And Control

Theorizing about trust has focused predominantly on cognitive trust cues such as trustworthiness, portraying the trustor as a relatively passive observer reacting to the attributes of the other party. Using self-determination and control theories of motivation, we propose a model of trust motivation that explores the intraindividual processes involved in the volitional aspects of trust decision-making implied by the definition of trust as a willingness to be vulnerable. We distinguish between intrinsic and extrinsic drivers of trust and propose a two-phase model of trust goal setting and trust regulation. Our model offers a dynamic view of the trusting process and a framework for understanding how trust cognition, affect and behavior interact over time. Furthermore, we discuss how trust goals may be altered or abandoned via a feedback loop during the trust regulation process. We conclude with a discussion of potential implications for existing theory and future research.

scholarly journals Zoocentrism in the weeds? Cultivating plant models for cognitive yield

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Linson ◽  
Paco Calvo
Keyword(s):  
Natural Science ◽  
General Model ◽  
Animal Cognition ◽  
Plant Science ◽  
Turn Point ◽  
Cognitive Agents ◽  
Action Memory ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Perception Action

Abstract It remains at best controversial to claim, non-figuratively, that plants are cognitive agents. At the same time, it is taken as trivially true that many (if not all) animals are cognitive agents, arguably through an implicit or explicit appeal to natural science. Yet, any given definition of cognition implicates at least some further processes, such as perception, action, memory, and learning, which must be observed either behaviorally, psychologically, neuronally, or otherwise physiologically. Crucially, however, for such observations to be intelligible, they must be counted as evidence for some model. These models in turn point to homologies of physiology and behavior that facilitate the attribution of cognition to some non-human animals. But, if one is dealing with a model of animal cognition, it is tautological that only animals can provide evidence, and absurd to claim that plants can. The more substantive claim that, given a general model of cognition, only animals but not plants can provide evidence, must be evaluated on its merits. As evidence mounts that plants meet established criteria of cognition, from physiology to behavior, they continue to be denied entry into the cognitive club. We trace this exclusionary tendency back to Aristotle, and attempt to counter it by drawing on the philosophy of modelling and a range of findings from plant science. Our argument illustrates how a difference in degree between plant and animals is typically mistaken for a difference in kind.

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