scholarly journals The dark-induced senescence disruption in Arabidopsis thaliana glutamate dehydrogenase knockout mutant gdh1gdh2

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Glutamate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Knockout Mutant

Glutamate dehydrogenase isoenzyme 3 (GDH3) of Arabidopsis thaliana is less thermostable than GDH1 and GDH2 isoenzymes

2014 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
pp. 225-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Marchi ◽  
Eugenia Polverini ◽  
Francesca Degola ◽  
Enrico Baruffini ◽  
Francesco Maria Restivo
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Glutamate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Dehydrogenase Isoenzyme

scholarly journals Glutamate dehydrogenase isoenzyme 3 (GDH3) of Arabidopsis thaliana is regulated by a combined effect of nitrogen and cytokinin

2013 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 368-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Marchi ◽  
Francesca Degola ◽  
Eugenia Polverini ◽  
Thérèse Tercé-Laforgue ◽  
Frédéric Dubois ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Glutamate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Dehydrogenase Isoenzyme

scholarly journals DRB1, DRB2 and DRB4 Are Required for Appropriate Regulation of the microRNA399/PHOSPHATE2 Expression Module in Arabidopsis thaliana

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph L. Pegler ◽  
Jackson M. J. Oultram ◽  
Christopher P. L. Grof ◽  
Andrew L. Eamens
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Knockout Mutant ◽  
Double Stranded Rna ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Cellular Environment ◽  
Molecular Assessment ◽  
Mirna Pathway ◽  
Root Tissues ◽  
Expression Module

Adequate phosphorous (P) is essential to plant cells to ensure normal plant growth and development. Therefore, plants employ elegant mechanisms to regulate P abundance across their developmentally distinct tissues. One such mechanism is PHOSPHATE2 (PHO2)-directed ubiquitin-mediated degradation of a cohort of phosphate (PO4) transporters. PHO2 is itself under tight regulation by the PO4 responsive microRNA (miRNA), miR399. The DOUBLE-STRANDED RNA BINDING (DRB) proteins, DRB1, DRB2 and DRB4, have each been assigned a specific functional role in the Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) miRNA pathway. Here, we assessed the requirement of DRB1, DRB2 and DRB4 to regulate the miR399/PHO2 expression module under PO4 starvations conditions. Via the phenotypic and molecular assessment of the knockout mutant plant lines, drb1, drb2 and drb4, we show here that; (1) DRB1 and DRB2 are required to maintain P homeostasis in Arabidopsis shoot and root tissues; (2) DRB1 is the primary DRB required for miR399 production; (3) DRB2 and DRB4 play secondary roles in regulating miR399 production, and; (4) miR399 appears to direct expression regulation of the PHO2 transcript via both an mRNA cleavage and translational repression mode of RNA silencing. Together, the hierarchical contribution of DRB1, DRB2 and DRB4 demonstrated here to be required for the appropriate regulation of the miR399/PHO2 expression module identifies the extreme importance of P homeostasis maintenance in Arabidopsis to ensure that numerous vital cellular processes are maintained across Arabidopsis tissues under a changing cellular environment.

scholarly journals Further insights into the isoenzyme composition and activity of glutamate dehydrogenase in Arabidopsis thaliana

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. e23329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Xavier Fontaine ◽  
Thérèse Tercé-Laforgue ◽  
Sophie Bouton ◽  
Karine Pageau ◽  
Peter J. Lea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Glutamate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Isoenzyme Composition

Effect of sucrose and glucose on oxidative modification of proteins upon heat stress in Arabidopsis thaliana cat2cat3 knockout mutant

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-155
Author(s):  
Inna Buzduga ◽  
Tetiana Tkachuk ◽  
Irina Panchuk
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Potassium Phosphate ◽  
Oxidative Modification ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Carbonyl Groups ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Knockout Mutant ◽  
Oxidative Modification Of Proteins

High temperature negatively affects the plants. In particular, under the heat stress he production of reactive oxygen species increases in the plant cell. It leads to the development of oxidative stress. The formation of carbonyl groups in proteins is a marker of oxidative damage of plant cells. Plants have a defense system that consists of soluble carbohydrates such as sucrose and glucose and antioxidant enzymes, including catalase. Carbohydrates have protective mechanisms and can activate different signaling pathways with following changes in gene expression. Despite the data available, information on the effects of sucrose and glucose on the oxidative modification of proteins under heat stress is insufficient. The aim of our work was to study the role of sucrose and glucose for the carbonyl groups content in cat2cat3 knockout plants of A. thaliana under heat stress. We used 7-week-old Arabidopsis thaliana plants of wild-type and knockout cat2cat3 line, which lacks the expression of two catalase genes – cat2 and cat3. Plants were grown under 16-hour light day at a temperature of + 20°C and an illumination of 2.5 kL. Heat treatment was performed on a water bath in glass flasks with 15-20 leaves which were incubated in 1 mm potassium phosphate buffer without carbohydrates and with addition of sucrose or glucose (1% final concentration) during 2 and 4 hours at the +37°C and +44° C. The content of carbonyl groups and total protein was determined photometrically. It has been shown that intact knockout cat2cat3 plants have a higher content of carbonyl groups, which indicates chronic oxidative stress. Addition of exogenous sucrose or glucose to the incubation buffer had a protective effect during 4 hours of stress. Carbonyl groups formation in wild type decreased under the +37ºС and +44ºС, while in the cat2сat3 line only under the moderate (+37ºС) heat stress. In the knockout mutant alternative ways of defense are exhausted under +44ºC.

Reduction of root flavonoid level and its potential involvement in lateral root emergence in Arabidopsis thaliana grown under low phosphate supply

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huixia Yang ◽  
Hong Liu ◽  
Gang Li ◽  
Juanjuan Feng ◽  
Huanju Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Potential Function ◽  
Shoot Apex ◽  
Lateral Root ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Knockout Mutant ◽  
Phosphate Supply ◽  
Pi Deficiency ◽  
Flavonoid Accumulation

Although it is well known that phosphate (Pi) deficiency affects flavonoid accumulation in higher plants, knowledge on the regulation and potential function of flavonoids in the plants grown with low Pi supply is lacking. In this work, we found that low Pi treatment caused significant reduction of root flavonoid (e.g. quercetin, kaempferol and their derivatives) levels in both Columbia (Col-0) and Landsberg erecta (Ler) ecotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. Further investigations revealed that the dysfunction of PHR1, PHO1, PHO2 and NPC4 did not affect the decrease of root flavonoid level by low Pi treatment. In contrast, pldζ2, a knockout mutant of the Arabidopsis phospholipase Dζ2, exhibited defects in the reduction of root flavonoid level and lateral root (LR) emergence under low Pi conditions. When grown under low Pi supply, the transport of auxin from the shoot apex into the root, expression of the auxin responsive DR5::GUS marker and induction of the auxin responsive genes were all significantly less efficient in pldζ2 than in wild-type (WT) control. This is the first report on the reduction of root flavonoid level and its likely contribution to increased LR emergence in Arabidopsis under Pi deficiency conditions, which may facilitate the adaptation of plants to the growth environments with poor Pi availability.

scholarly journals Expression of Glutamate Dehydrogenase Genes In Arabidopsis Thaliana Depends on The Redox State of Chloroplast Electron Transport Chain

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Yu. Garnik ◽  
Vadim I. Belkov ◽  
Vladislav I. Tarasenko ◽  
Yury M. Konstantinov
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Electron Transport ◽  
Glutamate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Electron Transport Chain ◽  
Redox State ◽  
Photosynthetic Electron Transport ◽  
Glucose Content ◽  
Tetrapyrrole Synthesis ◽  
Transport Chain ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Plant glutamate dehydrogenase is an enzyme interconverting L-glutamate and 2-oxoglutarate and providing a link between carbon and nitrogen metabolism. In Arabidopsis thaliana, this enzyme is encoded by three genes. Two of them, GDH1 and GDH2, provide most of the enzyme activity in plant leaves and roots. Expression of GDH1 and GDH2 genes is very low in the light and high in the dark. The molecular signals and mechanisms that provide the light-dependent GDH genes regulation remain unknown. Using photosynthetic electron transport inhibitors 3-(3.4-dichlorophenyl)-1.1-dimethylurea (DCMU) and 2.5-dibromo-3-methyl-6-isopropyl benzoquinone (DBMIB) we demonstrate that transcript levels of the GDH1 and GDH2 genes in Arabidopsis leaves change in accordance with a redox state of chloroplast electron transport chain: they are low when it is highly reduced and high when it is oxidized. Hydrogen peroxide or high light treatment did not result in decreasing of GDH1 or GDH2 expression, so reactive oxygen species cannot be the signals that reduce expression of these genes during dark-to-light shifts. There was no significant difference between the glucose content in the leaves of plants treated with DCMU and the plants treated with DBMIB, so glucose is not the only or the main factor that regulates expression of the studied genes. We presume that expression of Arabidopsis GDH1 and GDH2 genes depends on the chloroplast electron transport chain redox state. This regulatory mechanism could arise because of a need to avoid a competition for substrate between tetrapyrrole synthesis, glutathione synthesis and using of L-glutamate as an energy source during prolonged darkness.

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