scholarly journals Development of a specific affinity-matured exosite inhibitor to MT1-MMP that efficiently inhibits tumor cell invasion in vitro and metastasis in vivo

Oncotarget ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (13) ◽  
pp. 16773-16792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth A. Botkjaer ◽  
Hang Fai Kwok ◽  
Mikkel G. Terp ◽  
Aneesh Karatt-Vellatt ◽  
Salvatore Santamaria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Cell Invasion ◽  
Tumor Cell Invasion ◽  
Specific Affinity

scholarly journals Cancer-Associated Mutations Reveal a Novel Role for EpCAM as an Inhibitor of Cathepsin-L and Tumor Cell Invasion

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narendra Sankpal ◽  
Taylor C. Brown ◽  
Timothy P. Fleming ◽  
John M. Herndon ◽  
Anusha A. Amaravati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Cell Invasion ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Cathepsin L ◽  
Surface Expression ◽  
Tumor Cell Invasion

Abstract BackgroundEpithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is a 40-kD type-I transmembrane protein that is frequently overexpressed in human epithelial cancers. Recent evidence implicates EpCAM in the regulation of oncogenic signaling pathways and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Of note, multiple proteins with thyroglobulin-type-1 (TY-1) domains are known to inhibit cathepsin-L (CTSL), a cysteine protease that promotes tumor invasion and metastasis.MethodsHuman cancer sequencing studies reveal that somatic EpCAM mutations are present in up to 5.1% of tested tumors form public database search. To determine how EpCAM mutations affect cancer biology we studied C66Y, a damaging TY-1 domain mutation identified in liver cancer, as well as 13 other cancer-associated EpCAM mutations. Using in-vitro and in-vivo models, immunoprecipitations and localizations we demonstrate EpCAM inhibits CTSL activity based mutations and thereby its localization.ResultsWe demonstrate that wild type (WT) EpCAM, but not C66Y EpCAM, inhibits CTSL activity in vitro, and the TY-1 domain of EpCAM is responsible for this inhibition. WT EpCAM, but not C66Y EpCAM, inhibits tumor cell invasion in vitro and lung metastasis in vivo. In an extended panel of human cancer cell lines, EpCAM expression is inversely correlated with CTSL activity. Previous studies have demonstrated that EpCAM germline mutations can prevent EpCAM from being expressed at the cell surface. We demonstrate that C66Y and multiple other EpCAM cancer-associated mutations prevent surface expression of EpCAM. Cancer-associated mutations that prevent EpCAM cell surface expression abrogate the ability of EpCAM to inhibit CTSL activity and tumor cell invasion. ConclusionsThese studies reveal a novel role for EpCAM as a CTSL inhibitor, confirm the functional relevance of multiple cancer-associated EpCAM mutations, and suggest a therapeutic vulnerability in cancers harboring EpCAM mutations.

scholarly journals Acidic mucopolysaccharide from holothuria leucospilota has antitumor effect by inhibiting angiogenesis and tumor cell invasion in vivo and in vitro

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (15) ◽  
pp. 1489-1499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiwei Zhang ◽  
Yin Lu ◽  
Bo Xu ◽  
Jiaming Wu ◽  
Lijuan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Cell Invasion ◽  
Antitumor Effect ◽  
Tumor Cell Invasion

scholarly journals Cancer-associated mutations reveal a novel role for EpCAM as an inhibitor of cathepsin-L and tumor cell invasion

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Narendra V. Sankpal ◽  
Taylor C. Brown ◽  
Timothy P. Fleming ◽  
John M. Herndon ◽  
Anusha A. Amaravati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Cell Invasion ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Cathepsin L ◽  
Surface Expression ◽  
Tumor Cell Invasion ◽  
In Vivo Models

Abstract Background EpCAM (Epithelial cell adhesion molecule) is often dysregulated in epithelial cancers. Prior studies implicate EpCAM in the regulation of oncogenic signaling pathways and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. It was recently demonstrated that EpCAM contains a thyroglobulin type-1 (TY-1) domain. Multiple proteins with TY-1 domains are known to inhibit cathepsin-L (CTSL), a cysteine protease that promotes tumor cell invasion and metastasis. Analysis of human cancer sequencing studies reveals that somatic EpCAM mutations are present in up to 5.1% of tested tumors. Methods The Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC) database was queried to tabulate the position and amino acid changes of cancer associated EpCAM mutations. To determine how EpCAM mutations affect cancer biology we studied C66Y, a damaging TY-1 domain mutation identified in liver cancer, as well as 13 other cancer-associated EpCAM mutations. In vitro and in vivo models were used to determine the effect of wild type (WT) and mutant EpCAM on CTSL activity and invasion. Immunoprecipitation and localization studies tested EpCAM and CTSL protein binding and determined compartmental expression patterns of EpCAM mutants. Results We demonstrate that WT EpCAM, but not C66Y EpCAM, inhibits CTSL activity in vitro, and the TY-1 domain of EpCAM is responsible for this inhibition. WT EpCAM, but not C66Y EpCAM, inhibits tumor cell invasion in vitro and lung metastases in vivo. In an extended panel of human cancer cell lines, EpCAM expression is inversely correlated with CTSL activity. Previous studies have demonstrated that EpCAM germline mutations can prevent EpCAM from being expressed at the cell surface. We demonstrate that C66Y and multiple other EpCAM cancer-associated mutations prevent surface expression of EpCAM. Cancer-associated mutations that prevent EpCAM cell surface expression abrogate the ability of EpCAM to inhibit CTSL activity and tumor cell invasion. Conclusions These studies reveal a novel role for EpCAM as a CTSL inhibitor, confirm the functional relevance of multiple cancer-associated EpCAM mutations, and suggest a therapeutic vulnerability in cancers harboring EpCAM mutations.

scholarly journals ANGI-03. PHARMACOLOGICAL TARGETING OF APELIN/APLNR SIGNALING BLUNTS THERAPY RESISTANCE TO VEGFA/VEGFR2 ANTI-ANGIOGENIC TREATMENT IN GLIOBLASTOMA

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_6) ◽  
pp. vi30-vi30
Author(s):  
Roland Kälin ◽  
Giorgia Mastrella ◽  
Mengzhuo Hou ◽  
Min Li ◽  
Veit Stoecklein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Cell Invasion ◽  
Therapy Resistance ◽  
Glioblastoma Cell ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Human Glioblastoma ◽  
Angiogenic Switch ◽  
Angiogenic Therapy

Abstract Anti-angiogenic therapy of glioblastoma with bevacizumab, a vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGFA) blocking antibody, may accelerate tumor cell invasion and induce alternative angiogenic pathways. We investigated the roles of the pro-angiogenic receptor APLNR and its cognate ligand apelin in VEGFA/VEGFR2 anti-angiogenic therapy against distinct subtypes of glioblastoma. In proneural glioblastoma, apelin levels were downregulated by VEGFA or VEGFR2 blockade by use of bevacizumab or ramucirumab, respectively. A central role for apelin/APLNR in controlling glioblastoma vascularization was corroborated in a serial implantation model of the angiogenic switch that occurs in human glioblastoma. Apelin and APLNR are broadly expressed in human glioblastoma, and knockdown or knockout of APLN in orthotopic models of proneural or classical glioblastoma subtypes massively reduced glioblastoma vascularization as compared with controls. What is more, direct infusion of the bioactive peptide apelin-13 was able to rescue this vascular loss-of-function phenotype, demonstrating the specific control of tumor vascularization by apelin/APLNR signaling. While high levels of apelin correlated with reduced tumor cell invasiveness, the reduction in apelin expression led to accelerated glioblastoma cell invasion. Analysis of stereotactic glioblastoma biopsies from patients as well as from in vitro and in vivo experiments revealed increased dissemination of APLNR-positive tumor cells when apelin levels were reduced. Most interestingly, application of apelin-F13A, a mutant APLNR ligand, blocked both tumor angiogenesis and glioblastoma cell invasion. Furthermore, co-targeting VEGFR2 and APLNR synergistically improved survival of mice bearing proneural glioblastoma. In summary, we show that apelin/APLNR signaling controls glioblastoma angiogenesis and invasion directly, and that both pathological features are blunted by apelin-F13A. We suggest that apelin-F13A can improve the efficiency and reduce the side effects of established anti-angiogenic treatments for distinct glioblastoma subtypes.

scholarly journals Correction: Astrocytes Directly Influence Tumor Cell Invasion and Metastasis In Vivo

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. e0137369
Author(s):  
Ling Wang ◽  
Stephanie M. Cossette ◽  
Kevin R. Rarick ◽  
Jill Gershan ◽  
Michael B. Dwinell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Cell Invasion ◽  
Tumor Cell Invasion ◽  
Invasion And Metastasis

scholarly journals Regulation of the Mechanism ofTWIST1Transcription by BHLHE40 and BHLHE41 in Cancer Cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (24) ◽  
pp. 4096-4109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuo Asanoma ◽  
Ge Liu ◽  
Takako Yamane ◽  
Yoko Miyanari ◽  
Tomoka Takao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Cell Invasion ◽  
Transcriptional Activity ◽  
Epithelial To Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Tumor Cell Invasion ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Promoter Regions ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Basal Transcriptional Activity

BHLHE40 and BHLHE41 (BHLHE40/41) are basic helix-loop-helix type transcription factors that play key roles in multiple cell behaviors. BHLHE40/41 were recently shown to be involved in an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, the precise mechanism of EMT control by BHLHE40/41 remains unclear. In the present study, we demonstrated that BHLHE40/41 expression was controlled in a pathological stage-dependent manner in human endometrial cancer (HEC). Ourin vitroassays showed that BHLHE40/41 suppressed tumor cell invasion. BHLHE40/41 also suppressed the transcription of the EMT effectorsSNAI1,SNAI2, andTWIST1. We identified the critical promoter regions ofTWIST1for its basal transcriptional activity. We elucidated that the transcription factor SP1 was involved in the basal transcriptional activity ofTWIST1and that BHLHE40/41 competed with SP1 for DNA binding to regulate gene transcription. This study is the first to report the detailed functions of BHLHE40 and BHLHE41 in the suppression of EMT effectorsin vitro. Our results suggest that BHLHE40/41 suppress tumor cell invasion by inhibiting EMT in tumor cells. We propose that BHLHE40/41 are promising markers to predict the aggressiveness of each HEC case and that molecular targeting strategies involving BHLHE40/41 and SP1 may effectively regulate HEC progression.

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