scholarly journals Role of novel histone modifications in cancer

Oncotarget ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (13) ◽  
pp. 11414-11426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muthu K. Shanmugam ◽  
Frank Arfuso ◽  
Surendar Arumugam ◽  
Arunachalam Chinnathambi ◽  
Bian Jinsong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Histone Modifications

How do histone modifications contribute to transgenerational epigenetic inheritance in C. elegans?

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 1019-1034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel M. Woodhouse ◽  
Alyson Ashe
Keyword(s):  
Histone Modifications ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Epigenetic Inheritance ◽  
Nematode Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Histone Methyltransferases ◽  
Transgenerational Epigenetic Inheritance ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Gene Regulatory

Gene regulatory information can be inherited between generations in a phenomenon termed transgenerational epigenetic inheritance (TEI). While examples of TEI in many animals accumulate, the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has proven particularly useful in investigating the underlying molecular mechanisms of this phenomenon. In C. elegans and other animals, the modification of histone proteins has emerged as a potential carrier and effector of transgenerational epigenetic information. In this review, we explore the contribution of histone modifications to TEI in C. elegans. We describe the role of repressive histone marks, histone methyltransferases, and associated chromatin factors in heritable gene silencing, and discuss recent developments and unanswered questions in how these factors integrate with other known TEI mechanisms. We also review the transgenerational effects of the manipulation of histone modifications on germline health and longevity.

scholarly journals Role of Histone Modifications in Marking and Activating Genes through Mitosis

2005 ◽  
Vol 280 (52) ◽  
pp. 42592-42600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ester Valls ◽  
Sara Sánchez-Molina ◽  
Marian A. Martínez-Balbás
Keyword(s):  
Histone Modifications

scholarly journals Interdependence between histone marks and steps in Pol II transcription

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Danko ◽  
Zhong Wang ◽  
Alexandra Chivu ◽  
Lauren Choate ◽  
Edward Rice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Histone Modifications ◽  
Dnase I ◽  
Open Chromatin ◽  
Learning Tools ◽  
Pol Ii ◽  
Histone Marks ◽  
Chromatin States ◽  
Hypersensitive Sites

Abstract The role of histone modifications in transcription remains incompletely understood. Here we used experimental perturbations combined with sensitive machine learning tools that infer the distribution of histone marks using maps of nascent transcription. Transcription predicted the variation in active histone marks and complex chromatin states, like bivalent promoters, down to single-nucleosome resolution and at an accuracy that rivaled the correspondence between independent ChIP-seq experiments. Blocking transcription rapidly removed two punctate marks, H3K4me3 and H3K27ac, from chromatin indicating that transcription is required for active histone modifications. Transcription was also required for maintenance of H3K27me3 consistent with a role for RNA in recruiting PRC2. A subset of DNase-I hypersensitive sites were refractory to prediction, precluding models where transcription initiates pervasively at any open chromatin. Our results, in combination with past literature, support a model in which active histone modifications serve a supportive, rather than a regulatory, role in transcription.

A haploid affair: core histone transitions during spermatogenesis

2003 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D Lewis ◽  
D Wade Abbott ◽  
Juan Ausió
Keyword(s):  
Histone Modifications ◽  
Chromatin Structure ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Diploid Cell ◽  
Histone Variants ◽  
Histone H4 ◽  
Dna Compaction ◽  
Dynamic Composition ◽  
Shed Light

The process of meiosis reduces a diploid cell to four haploid gametes and is accompanied by extensive recombination. Thus, the dynamics of chromatin during meiosis are significantly different than in mitotic cells. As spermatogenesis progresses, there is a widespread reorganization of the haploid genome followed by extensive DNA compaction. It has become increasingly clear that the dynamic composition of chromatin plays a critical role in the activities of enzymes and processes that act upon it. Therefore, an analysis of the role of histone variants and modifications in these processes may shed light upon the mechanisms involved and the control of chromatin structure in general. Histone variants such as histone H3.3, H2AX, and macroH2A appear to play key roles in the various stages of spermiogenesis, in addition to the specifically modulated acetylation of histone H4 (acH4), ubiquitination of histones H2A and H2B (uH2A, uH2B), and phosphorylation of histone H3 (H3p). This review will examine recent discoveries concerning the role of histone modifications and variants during meiosis and spermatogenesis.Key words: histone variants, histone modifications, chromatin structure, meiosis.

scholarly journals The Role of p300 Histone Acetyltransferase in UV-Induced Histone Modifications and MMP-1 Gene Transcription

PLoS ONE ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. e4864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min-Kyoung Kim ◽  
Jung-Min Shin ◽  
Hee Chul Eun ◽  
Jin Ho Chung
Keyword(s):  
Gene Transcription ◽  
Histone Modifications ◽  
Histone Acetyltransferase

scholarly journals Role of histone modifications and early termination in pervasive transcription and antisense-mediated gene silencing in yeast

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 4348-4362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuele Castelnuovo ◽  
Judith B. Zaugg ◽  
Elisa Guffanti ◽  
Andrea Maffioletti ◽  
Jurgi Camblong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Histone Modifications ◽  
Early Termination ◽  
Pervasive Transcription
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