scholarly journals Type 2 diabetes mellitus is more prevalent among patients with thyroid carcinoma and influences overall survival: a propensity score matching analysis

Oncotarget ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (57) ◽  
pp. 97528-97536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Jiang ◽  
Guoliang Qiao ◽  
Xiao Zheng ◽  
Zhen Wen ◽  
Dongxue Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Propensity Score Matching Analysis

scholarly journals Effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a propensity score-matched analysis of real-world data

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 204201882110002
Author(s):  
Taeang Arai ◽  
Masanori Atsukawa ◽  
Akihito Tsubota ◽  
Shigeru Mikami ◽  
Hiroki Ono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Inflammation ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Sodium Glucose Cotransporter ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Background: Although sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2-Is) improve not only glycemic control but also liver inflammation and fatty changes in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), its sustainability and effect on liver fibrosis have remained unclear. The current study aimed to clarify the effects of 48-week SGLT2-I therapy on liver inflammation, fatty changes, and fibrosis in NAFLD patients with T2DM. Methods: This study evaluated the effects of SGLT2-I on NAFLD, including liver fibrosis assessed via transient elastography, in 56 patients with NAFLD who received SGLT2-I for 48 weeks. Moreover, changes in each clinical parameter between patients receiving SGLT2-I (the SGLT2-I group) and those receiving other oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs) (the non-SGLT2-I group) were compared, using 1:1 propensity score matching to adjust for baseline factors. Results: The SGLT2-I group exhibited a significant decrease in controlled attenuation parameter (312 dB/m at baseline to 280 dB/m at week 48) and liver stiffness measurement (9.1–6.7 kPa) ( p < 0.001 for both). After propensity score matching (44 patients each in the SGLT2-I and non-SGLT2-I groups), no significant difference in HbA1c decrease was observed between the two groups. However, compared with the non-SGLT2-I group, the SGLT2-I group showed a significant decrease in body weight ( p < 0.001), alanine aminotransferase ( p = 0.02), uric acid ( p < 0.001), and Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index ( p = 0.01) at week 48. The improvement in FIB-4 index, defined as a ⩾10% decline from baseline at week 48, was 56.8% (25/44) in the SGLT2-I group and 20.5% (9/44) in the non-SGLT2-I group ( p < 0.001). Conclusion: SGLT2-Is improved not only glycemic control but also liver fatty infiltration and fibrosis in patients with NAFLD and T2DM, suggesting their possible superiority to other OHAs concerning these effects.

scholarly journals P-82 Impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus in overall survival and clinical features of Latin patients with colorectal cancer: A 15-year follow-up

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. S125-S126
Author(s):  
G. Calderillo-Ruiz ◽  
C. Diaz ◽  
H. Lopez Basave ◽  
E. Ruiz-Garcia ◽  
A. Apodaca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Clinical Features

scholarly journals Risk of morbidity and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor and/or dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor: a nationwide study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e001765
Author(s):  
Gábor Sütő ◽  
Gergő A Molnár ◽  
Gyorgy Rokszin ◽  
Ibolya Fábián ◽  
Zoltan Kiss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ◽  
Sodium Glucose Cotransporter ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitor ◽  
All Cause Mortality

IntroductionMortality and disability in diabetes mellitus are determined mostly by cardiovascular complications and cancer. The impact of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (DPP-4i) and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) monotherapy or combination on long-term complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus was studied.Research design and methodsPatients with type 2 diabetes treated with DPP-4i or SGLT2i during a 3-year period were identified in the database of the National Institute of Health Insurance Fund in Hungary. All-cause mortality, acute myocardial infarction, stroke, hospitalization for heart failure (HHF), lower limb amputation (LLA) and cancer were assessed. Outcomes of add-on SGLT2i to DPP-4i treatment in comparison with switching DPP-4i therapy to SGLT2i were also evaluated. After propensity score matching, survival analysis was performed with a Cox proportional hazards model.ResultsAfter propensity score matching, both SGLT2i and DPP-4i groups included 18 583 patients. All-cause mortality (HR, 0.80; 95% CI 0.68 to 0.94; p=0.0057), HHF (HR, 0.81; 95% CI 0.71 to 0.92; p=0.0018), and risk of cancer (HR, 0.75; 95% CI 0.66 to 0.86; p<0.0001) were lower in the SGLT2i population compared with DPP-4i. Risk of LLA was higher in the SGLT2i group (HR, 1.35; 95% CI 1.03 to 1.77; p=0.0315). SGLT2i in combination with DPP-4i results in lower all-cause mortality (HR, 0.46; 95% CI 0.31 to 0.67; p=0.0001), with a lower trend in stroke, LLA, HHF and cancer, but without any statistical difference.ConclusionsSGLT2i treatment leads to a lower risk of overall mortality, HHF and cancer when compared with DPP-4i treatment. Adding SGLT2i to DPP-4i instead of switching from DPP-4i to SGLT2i further lowers the risk of all-cause mortality.

scholarly journals Metformin and Risk of Malignant Brain Tumors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chin-Hsiao Tseng
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Malignant Brain Tumors ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Cumulative Duration

The risk of malignant brain tumors associated with metformin use has rarely been investigated in humans. This retrospective cohort study investigated such an association. Patients with new-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus diagnosed from 1999 to 2005 in the nationwide database of Taiwan’s national health insurance were used to enroll study subjects. We first identified an unmatched cohort of 153,429 ever users and 16,222 never users of metformin. A cohort of 16,222 ever users and 16,222 never users matched on propensity score was then created from this unmatched cohort. All patients were followed up from 1 January 2006 until 31 December 2011. The incidence density was calculated and hazard ratios were derived from Cox regression incorporated with the inverse probability of treatment weighting using a propensity score. The results showed that 27 never users and 155 ever users developed malignant brain tumors in the unmatched cohort. The incidence rate was 37.11 per 100,000 person-years in never users and 21.39 per 100,000 person-years in ever users. The overall hazard ratio comparing ever users versus never users was 0.574 (95% confidence interval: 0.381–0.863). The respective hazard ratios comparing the first (<27.13 months), second (27.13–58.33 months), and third (>58.33 months) tertiles of cumulative duration of metformin therapy versus never users were 0.897 (0.567–1.421), 0.623 (0.395–0.984), and 0.316 (0.192–0.518). In the matched cohort, the overall hazard ratio was 0.317 (0.149–0.673) and the respective hazard ratios were 0.427 (0.129–1.412), 0.509 (0.196–1.322), and 0.087 (0.012–0.639) for the first, second, and third tertile of cumulative duration of metformin therapy. In conclusion, this study shows a risk reduction of malignant brain tumors associated with metformin use in a dose–response pattern. The risk reduction is more remarkable when metformin has been used for approximately 2–5 years.

scholarly journals Comparative effects of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitors on new-onset atrial fibrillation and stroke outcomes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharen Lee ◽  
Jiandong Zhou ◽  
Carlin Chang ◽  
Tong Liu ◽  
Dong Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Sglt2 Inhibitors ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
New Onset

AbstractBackgroundSGLT2I and DPP4I are medications prescribed for type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. However, there are few population-based studies comparing their effects on incident atrial fibrillation or ischemic stroke.MethodsThis was a territory-wide cohort study of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients prescribed SGLT2I or DPP4I between January 1st, 2015 to December 31st, 2019 in Hong Kong. Patients with both DPP4I and SGLT2I use and patients with drug discontinuation were excluded. Patients with prior AF or stroke were excluded for the respective analysis. 1:2 propensity-score matching was conducted for demographics, past comorbidities and medications using nearest-neighbor matching method. Cox models were used to identify significant predictors for new onset heart failure (HF) or myocardial infarction (MI), cardiovascular and all-cause mortality.ResultsThe AF-free cohort included 49108 patients (mean age: 66.48 years old [SD: 12.89], 55.32% males) and the stroke-free cohort included 49563 patients (27244 males [54.96%], mean baseline age: 66.7 years old [SD: 12.97, max: 104.6 years old]). After propensity score matching, SGLT2i use was associated with a lower risk of new onset AF (HR: 0.43[0.28, 0.66]), cardiovascular mortality (HR: 0.79[0.58, 1.09]) and all-cause mortality (HR: 0.69[0.60, 0.79]) in the AF-free cohort. It was also associated with a lower risk of new onset stroke (0.46[0.33, 0.64]), cardiovascular mortality (HR: 0.74[0.55, 1.00]) and all-cause mortality (HR: 0.64[0.56, 0.74]) in the stroke-free cohort.ConclusionsThe novelty of our work si that SGLT2 inhibitors are protective against atrial fibrillation and stroke development for the first time. These findings should be validated in other cohorts.

scholarly journals Effect of Dipeptidyl-Peptidase 4 Inhibitors on Circulating Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 233
Author(s):  
Elisabetta Bigagli ◽  
Cristina Luceri ◽  
Ilaria Dicembrini ◽  
Lorenzo Tatti ◽  
Francesca Scavone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors

Pre-clinical studies suggested potential cardiovascular benefits of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i), however, clinical trials showed neither beneficial nor detrimental effects in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We examined the effects of DPP4i on several circulating oxidative stress markers in a cohort of 32 T2DM patients (21 males and 11 post-menopausal females), who were already on routine antidiabetic treatment. Propensity score matching was used to adjust demographic and clinical characteristics between patients who received and who did not receive DPP4i. Whole-blood reactive oxygen species (ROS), plasma advanced glycation end products (AGEs), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), carbonyl residues, as well as ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) and leukocyte DNA oxidative damage (Fpg sites), were evaluated. With the exception of Fpg sites, that showed a borderline increase in DPP4i users compared to non-users (p = 0.0507), none of the biomarkers measured was affected by DPP4i treatment. An inverse correlation between estimated glomerular filtration rate and AGEs (p < 0.0001) and Fpg sites (p < 0.05) was also observed. This study does not show any major effect of DPP4i on oxidative stress, assessed by several circulating biomarkers of oxidative damage, in propensity score-matched cohorts of T2DM patients.

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