scholarly journals ZiBuPiYin recipe improves cognitive decline by regulating gut microbiota in Zucker diabetic fatty rats

Oncotarget ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (17) ◽  
pp. 27693-27703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunyan Gu ◽  
Wen Zhou ◽  
Wang Wang ◽  
Hong Xiang ◽  
Huiying Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Zucker Diabetic Fatty Rats

Relationship between the Japanese-style diet, gut microbiota, and dementia: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Saji ◽  
Tsuyoshi Tsuduki ◽  
Kenta Murotani ◽  
Takayoshi Hisada ◽  
Taiki Sugimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dietary Composition ◽  
Microbial Metabolites ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fish And Shellfish ◽  
Japanese Diet

Abstract Background Previous studies have shown associations between the gut microbiota, microbial metabolites, and cognitive decline. However, the effect of the dietary composition on such associations has not been fully investigated. Methods We performed a cross-sectional sub-analysis of data from our prospective hospital-based cohort study (the Gimlet study) to evaluate the relationships between dietary composition, cognitive decline, and the gut microbiota. All the participants of the Gimlet study had been provided with information regarding this sub-study in 2018. Patients were excluded if they were unable to provide sufficient data in the questionnaire regarding their dietary composition. We assessed their demographics, dietary composition, risk factors, cognitive function, results of brain imaging, gut microbiome, and microbial metabolites. On the basis of previous studies, a nine-component traditional Japanese diet index (JDI9), a 12-component modern JDI (JDI12), and a 12-component revised JDI (rJDI12), were defined. Higher JDI scores indicated greater conformity to the traditional Japanese diet. We then evaluated the relationships between the JDI scores, cognitive function, and the gut microbiome and microbial metabolites using multivariable logistic regression analyses. Results We analyzed data from 85 eligible patients (61% women; mean age: 74.6 ± 7.4 years; mean Mini-Mental State Examination score: 24 ± 5). Compared with participants with dementia, those without dementia were more likely to consume foods in the JDI12, including fish and shellfish (64.5% vs. 39.1%, P = 0.048), mushrooms (61.3% vs. 30.4%, P = 0.015), soybeans and soybean-derived foods (62.9% vs. 30.4%, P = 0.013), and coffee (71.0% vs. 43.5%, P = 0.024). There were non-significant trends towards lower fecal concentrations of gut microbial metabolites in participants with a more traditional Japanese diet. Participants with dementia had lower JDI9, JDI12, and rJDI12 scores than participants without dementia (dementia vs. non-dementia, median JDI9 score: 5 vs. 7, P = 0.049; JDI12: 7 vs. 8, P = 0.017; and rJDI12: 7 vs. 9, P = 0.006, respectively). Conclusions Adherence to a traditional Japanese diet was found to be inversely associated with cognitive decline and tended to be associated with lower concentrations of gut microbial metabolites. Trial registration: UMIN000031851.

scholarly journals Intermittent Fasting Alleviates Diabetes-induced Cognitive Decline via Gut Microbiota-metabolites-brain Axis (OR32-04-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhigang Liu ◽  
Tian Yuan ◽  
Xiaoshuang Dai ◽  
Lin Shi ◽  
Xuebo Liu
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Metabolic Function ◽  
Behavioral Tests ◽  
Omics Analysis

Abstract Objectives Cognitive decline is one of severe type 2 diabetes complications. Intermittent fasting (IF) is a promising dietary intervention for T2D risk reduction, but its protective effect and mechanism on diabetic cognitive dysfunction remain elusive. Gut microbiota plays a vital role interphasing diet and host physiology and pathology and highly affected by the dietary composition and patterns. It has been reported that the microbiota homeostasis is essential for maintenance of gut health and for modulating cognitive function. We hypothesized that gut microbiota might play a pivotal role in mediating protective effects of IF on diabetes-induced cognitive decline. Methods After a 28-day IF regimen treatment, cognitive behavioral tests and brain insulin signaling were assessed on db/db mice. The microbiota-metabolites-brain axis alterations were detected by multiple-omics analysis (transciptomics, 16S rRNA sequencing and metabolomics). A intergrade multi-omics analysis was performed to analyze the correlation among gut microbiota, plasma metabolites, and hippocampal gene expression. Results Here we found that a 28-day Intermittent fasting (IF) regimen improved cognitive deficits in db/db mice via a microbiota-metabolites-brain axis assessed by behavioral tests and multiple-omics analysis: IF activated AMPK/PGC1α signaling, enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis in hippocampus and elevated genes enriched in hippocampal metabolic function. Moreover, IF re-structured gut microbiota and improved plasma microbial metabolites in relation to diabetes and cognitive function, e.g., serotonin, 3-Indolepropionic acid, and bile acids. Integration of multi-omics data demonstrated strong links between IF-related genes, gut microbiome and metabolites. Furthermore, removal of gut microbiota with antibiotics partly abolished the observed benefits of IF on cognition and hippocampal metabolic function. Conclusions Taken together, the present study suggests a critical role of gut microbiota in connecting peripheral metabolism with brain function, which could lead to novel interventions against metabolism-implicated neurodegenerative pathophysiologies. Funding Sources This work was financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China, National Natural Science Foundation of China.

scholarly journals Effects of metformin, acarbose, and sitagliptin monotherapy on gut microbiota in Zucker diabetic fatty rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. e000717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minchun Zhang ◽  
Rilu Feng ◽  
Mei Yang ◽  
Cheng Qian ◽  
Zheng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Saline Control ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Zucker Diabetic Fatty Rats

ObjectiveRecent studies have demonstrated that gut microbiota was closely related to metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes. Oral antidiabetic medications including metformin, acarbose and sitagliptin lowered blood glucose levels via acting on the gastrointestinal tract. The aim of the study was to observe the comparisons among those medications on gut microbiota composition.Research design and methodsZucker diabetic fatty rats (n=32) were randomly divided into four groups, and had respectively gastric administration of normal saline (control), metformin (215.15 mg/kg/day), acarbose (32.27 mg/kg/day), or sitagliptin (10.76 mg/kg/day) for 4 weeks. Blood glucose levels were measured during an intragastric starch tolerance test after the treatments. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to access the microbiota in the fecal samples.ResultsMetformin, acarbose, and sitagliptin monotherapy effectively decreased fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels (p<0.001). Acarbose group displayed specific cluster and enterotype mainly composed byRuminococcus 2whileLactobacilluswas the dominant bacterium in the enterotype of the other three groups. The relative abundance of generaRuminococcus 2andBifidobacteriumwas dramatically higher in acarbose group. Metformin and sitagliptin increased the relative abundance of genus Lactobacillus. Metagenomic prediction showed that the functional profiles of carbohydrate metabolism were enriched in acarbose group.ConclusionsMetformin, acarbose and sitagliptin exerted different effects on the composition of gut microbiota and selectively increased the beneficial bacteria. Supplementation with specific probiotics may further improve the hypoglycemic effects of the antidiabetic drugs.

scholarly journals The Effects of Erchen Decoction on Gut Microbiota and Lipid Metabolism Disorders in Zucker Diabetic Fatty Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian Zhao ◽  
Libin Zhan ◽  
Wen Zhou ◽  
Wanxin Chen ◽  
Jintong Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Metabolic Regulation ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Lipid Metabolism Disorders ◽  
Zucker Diabetic Fatty Rats ◽  
Zdf Rats

Obesity is a chronic metabolic disease caused by genetic and environmental factors that has become a serious global health problem. There is evidence that gut microbiota is closely related to the occurrence and development of obesity. Erchen Decoction (ECD), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been widely used for clinical treatment and basic research of obesity and related metabolic diseases in recent years. It can significantly improve insulin resistance (IR) and lipid metabolism disorders. However, there is no microbiological study on its metabolic regulation. In this study, we investigated the effects of ECD on obesity, especially lipid metabolism and the composition and function of gut microbiota in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats, and explored the correlation between the biomarkers of gut microbiota and metabolite and host phenotype. The results showed that ECD could reduce body weight, improve IR and lipid metabolism, and reduce the concentration of free fatty acids (FFA) released from white adipose tissue (WAT) due to excessive lipolysis by interfering with the insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1)/protein kinase B (AKT)/protein kinase A (PKA)/hormone-sensitive triglyceride lipase (HSL) signaling pathway in ZDF rats. Additionally, ECD gradually adjusted the overall structure of changed gut microbiota, reversed the relative abundance of six genera, and changed the function of gut microbiota by reducing the content of propionic acid, a metabolite of gut microbiota, in ZDF rats. A potentially close relationship between biomarkers, especially Prevotella, Blautia, and Holdemania, propionic acid and host phenotypes were demonstrated through correlation analysis. The results suggested that the beneficial effects of ECD on obesity, especially lipid metabolism disorders, are related to the regulation of gut microbiota in ZDF rats. This provides a basis for further research on the mechanism and clinical application of ECD to improve obesity via gut microbiota.

scholarly journals Spatial Memory and Gut Microbiota Alterations Are Already Present in Early Adulthood in a Pre-clinical Transgenic Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola C. Bello-Medina ◽  
Fernando Hernández-Quiroz ◽  
Marcel Pérez-Morales ◽  
Diego A. González-Franco ◽  
Guadalupe Cruz-Pauseno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Motor Activity ◽  
Spatial Memory ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Beta Diversity ◽  
Object Localization ◽  
Amyloid Peptide ◽  
Model Of Alzheimer’S Disease

The irreversible and progressive neurodegenerative Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by cognitive decline, extracellular β-amyloid peptide accumulation, and tau neurofibrillary tangles in the cortex and hippocampus. The triple-transgenic (3xTg) mouse model of AD presents memory impairment in several behavioral paradigms and histopathological alterations from 6 to 16 months old. Additionally, it seems that dysbiotic gut microbiota is present in both mouse models and patients of AD at the cognitive symptomatic stage. The present study aimed to assess spatial learning, memory retention, and gut microbiota alterations in an early adult stage of the 3xTg-AD mice as well as to explore its sexual dimorphism. We evaluated motor activity, novel-object localization training, and retention test as well as collected fecal samples to characterize relative abundance, alpha- and beta-diversity, and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) analysis in gut microbiota in both female and male 3xTg-AD mice, and controls [non-transgenic mice (NoTg)], at 3 and 5 months old. We found spatial memory deficits in female and male 3xTg-AD but no alteration neither during training nor in motor activity. Importantly, already at 3 months old, we observed decreased relative abundances of Actinobacteria and TM7 in 3xTg-AD compared to NoTg mice, while the beta diversity of gut microbiota was different in female and male 3xTg-AD mice in comparison to NoTg. Our results suggest that gut microbiota modifications in 3xTg-AD mice anticipate and thus could be causally related to cognitive decline already at the early adult age of AD. We propose that microbiota alterations may be used as an early and non-invasive diagnostic biomarker of AD.

Altered Gut Microbiota in Adults with Subjective Cognitive Decline: The SILCODE Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Can Sheng ◽  
Li Lin ◽  
Hua Lin ◽  
Xiaoni Wang ◽  
Ying Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
Subjective Cognitive Decline ◽  
Pathophysiological Mechanism ◽  
Progressive Decline ◽  
Amyloid Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission

Background: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is the earliest symptomatic manifestation of preclinical Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Gut microbiota may serve as a susceptibility factor for AD. Altered gut microbiota has been reported in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD dementia. However, whether gut microbial compositions changed in SCD remains largely unknown. Objective: To characterize the gut microbiota in SCD. Methods: In this study, a total of 105 participants including 38 normal controls (NC), 53 individuals with SCD, and 14 patients with cognitive impairment (CI) were recruited. Gut microbiota of all participants isolated from fecal samples were investigated using 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) Illumina Miseq sequencing technique. The gut microbial compositions were compared among the three groups, and the association between altered gut microbiota and cognitive performance was analyzed. To validate the alteration of gut microbiota in SCD, we conducted amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) in selected participants and further compared the gut microbiota among subgroups. Results: The abundance of phylum Firmicutes, class Clostridia, order Clostridiales, family Ruminococcaceae, and genus Faecalibacterium showed a trend toward a progressive decline from NC to SCD and CI. Specifically, the abundance of the anti-inflammatory genus Faecalibacterium was significantly decreased in SCD compared with NC. In addition, altered bacterial taxa among the three groups were associated with cognitive performance. The findings were validated in SCD participants with positive amyloid evidence. Conclusion: The composition of gut microbiota is altered in individuals with SCD. This preliminary study will provide novel insights into the pathophysiological mechanism of AD.

scholarly journals Age-related shifts in gut microbiota contribute to cognitive decline in aged rats

Aging ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 7801-7817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanli Li ◽  
Li Ning ◽  
Yiru Yin ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
Zhiyong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Age Related
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