scholarly journals Independent ischemic stroke risk factors in older Americans: a systematic review

Aging ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 3392-3407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Singer ◽  
Deborah Gustafson ◽  
Caroline Cummings ◽  
Aron Egelko ◽  
Jack Mlabasati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Older Americans ◽  
Stroke Risk Factors ◽  
Ischemic Stroke Risk

Abstract T P153: Women and Men with Ischemic Stroke in SiGN Have Different Subtype Distributions and Risk Factors

Stroke ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn M Rexrode ◽  
Braxton D Mitchell ◽  
Kathleen A Ryan ◽  
Steven J Kittner ◽  
Hakan Ay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Cardioembolic Stroke ◽  
Relative Distribution ◽  
Large Artery ◽  
Stroke Risk Factors ◽  
Stroke Subtypes ◽  
Small Artery Occlusion ◽  
Ischemic Stroke Risk

Introduction: The relative distribution of stroke risk factors, as well as ischemic stroke subtypes, in women compared with men is not well described. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that the distribution of ischemic stroke risk factors and subtypes would differ by sex, with a later onset in women and greater proportion of comorbidities. Methods: The NINDS Stroke Genetics Network (SiGN) consortium was established to evaluate genetic risk factors for ischemic stroke. A total of 23 separate studies performed Causative Classification of Stroke (CCS) typing using standardized criteria on ischemic stroke cases and contributed data on risk factors. We compared the distribution of ischemic stroke risk factors and CCS phenotypes between men and women with ischemic stroke. Results: Of the 16,228 ischemic strokes in SiGN, 8005 (49.3%) occurred in women. Median age at stroke was older in female than male stroke cases (73 vs. 66 years) (p=<0.0001). Among stroke cases, women were more likely than men cases to have hypertension or atrial fibrillation and less likely to have diabetes or coronary artery disease, or to smoke (p <0.003 for all). The distribution of stroke subtypes also differed by sex, with women less likely than men to have large artery infarction and small artery occlusion, and more likely to have cardioembolic stroke and undetermined stroke due to incomplete work-up (p values all <0.0001; see Table). Results were similar when the distribution of stroke subtypes was examined for those <70 years and ≥70 years, except for cardioembolic stroke remaining more common only among women ≥70. Conclusions: In this large group of carefully phenotyped ischemic strokes, the distribution of ischemic stroke subtypes and risk factor profiles differ significantly by sex. Evaluation of the causes of these differences may highlight areas for improved prevention and risk reduction in both genders.

Arterial Ischemic Stroke in the Pediatric Population

Neurographics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 395-404
Author(s):  
R. González‐Odriozola ◽  
E. Rawie ◽  
H.A. Parmar ◽  
F. Rivas‐Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Arterial Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Stroke Risk Factors ◽  
Multiple Risk Factors ◽  
Ischemic Stroke Risk ◽  
High Level ◽  
Neuroimaging Techniques

Recognizing childhood arterial ischemic stroke risk factors and presentation are extremely important for a prompt diagnosis and administration of hyperacute treatment requiring a high level of clinical suspicion. Stroke presentation in the pediatric population is not very specific, yet it is imperative to distinguish it from other mimics that may require different medical management. Vascular imaging studies, including MRA, CTA, and advanced neuroimaging techniques (eg, arterial wall imaging and CT/MR perfusion images) are extremely useful in the diagnosis of arterial ischemic stroke. This article offers a review of arterial pediatric ischemic stroke risk factors, clinical presentation, and the imaging appearance of the most common arterial ischemic stroke etiologies.Learning Objective: To recognize multiple risk factors, etiologies, and imaging presentations of pediatric arterial ischemic strokes.

Arterial ischemic stroke risk factors: The international pediatric stroke study

2011 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark T. Mackay ◽  
Max Wiznitzer ◽  
Susan L. Benedict ◽  
Katherine J. Lee ◽  
Gabrielle A. deVeber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Pediatric Stroke ◽  
Arterial Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Stroke Risk Factors ◽  
Stroke Study ◽  
International Pediatric ◽  
Ischemic Stroke Risk

Presumed pre- or perinatal arterial ischemic stroke: Risk factors and outcomes

2001 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meredith R. Golomb ◽  
Daune L. MacGregor ◽  
Trish Domi ◽  
Derek C. Armstrong ◽  
Brian W. McCrindle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Arterial Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Stroke Risk Factors ◽  
Ischemic Stroke Risk ◽  
Perinatal Arterial Ischemic Stroke

Abstract P418: Increased Pro-neurotensin/neuromedin N is Associated With Incident Ischemic Stroke

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles D Nicoli ◽  
Nicholas Wettersten ◽  
George Howard ◽  
Virginia J Howard ◽  
Suzanne E Judd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Stroke Risk Factors ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Ischemic Stroke Risk ◽  
Neuromedin N

Introduction: The neuropeptide neurotensin (NT) has been linked to cardiovascular and metabolic disease risk. Through measurement of its stable equimolar precursor, pro-neurotensin/neuromedin N (pro-NT/NMN), hyperactivity of NT has been associated with aggregate cardiovascular outcomes that include stroke. However, the exclusive association of pro-NT/NMN with incident ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke has not been studied. Hypothesis: Higher serum pro-NT/NMN is associated with incident ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Methods: Prospective case-cohort study in the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study. From 2003-2007, REGARDS enrolled 30,239 White or Black adults aged ≥45. Pro-NT/NMN was measured by immunoassay in 464 ischemic stroke cases, 49 hemorrhagic stroke cases, and 800 non-cases from a random cohort. Cox proportional-hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) of stroke by pro-NT/NMN quartiles and per standard deviation (SD) of log pro-NT/NMN. Model 1 (both stroke types) included demographic factors as covariates, Model 2A (ischemic only) added ischemic stroke risk factors, and Model 2B (hemorrhagic only) added hemorrhagic stroke risk factors. Results: The table shows an increased HR of ischemic stroke for those in the 4th vs 1st-quartile pro-NT/NMN in Model 1 with a trend of increased risk across quartiles; this was attenuated in Model 2A. Prebaseline diabetes and coronary artery disease were the largest confounders of ischemic stroke risk, with each accounting for 19% of the association observed in Model 1. There was no association of pro-NT/NMN with hemorrhagic stroke in either model. There were no interactions of race or sex with log pro-NT/NMN. Conclusions: Higher pro-NT/NMN is associated with increased risk of ischemic stroke after adjusting for demographics, but this was not independent of stroke risk factors. No significant association with hemorrhagic stroke was observed; this analysis was limited by a small number of events.

scholarly journals Inflammatory cytokines and ischemic stroke risk

Neurology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (20) ◽  
pp. e2375-e2384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Swords Jenny ◽  
Peter W. Callas ◽  
Suzanne E. Judd ◽  
Leslie A. McClure ◽  
Brett Kissela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Racial Disparity ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Black Population ◽  
Sample Mean ◽  
Stroke Incidence ◽  
Stroke Risk Factors ◽  
Ischemic Stroke Risk

ObjectiveWe studied circulating interleukin (IL)–6, IL-8, and IL-10 concentrations and incident ischemic stroke risk in a biracial cohort, and determined if these cytokines mediated the racial disparity in stroke incidence affecting the black population.MethodsThe Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke study enrolled 30,237 black and white men and women age ≥45 in 2003-2007. We measured baseline IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 in a case–cohort study of 557 participants with incident stroke over 5.4 years and 951 participants in a cohort sample.ResultsIL-6, but not IL-8 or IL-10, was higher in cases compared to the cohort sample (mean 4.5 vs 3.7 ng/mL; p < 0.001). Only IL-6 was associated with stroke risk factors. Adjusting for age, sex, and race, the hazard ratio (HR; 95% confidence interval) for incident stroke for the highest vs lowest quartile of IL-6 was 2.4 (1.6–3.4). HRs for the highest vs lowest quartiles of IL-8 and IL-10 were 1.5 (1.0–2.1) and 1.4 (1.0–1.9), respectively. After additional adjustment for stroke risk factors, only higher IL-6 remained associated with stroke risk (HR 2.0; 1.2–3.1). Associations did not differ by race. Mediation analyses showed that IL-6 mediated the black–white disparity in stroke risk, but mediation was via IL-6 associations with stroke risk factors.ConclusionsIn this biracial population-based sample, IL-6 was strongly associated with risk of incident stroke and mediated the racial disparity in stroke via inflammatory effects of risk factors. Further study on the clinical utility of IL-6 measurement in stroke risk assessment would be helpful.

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