scholarly journals Esterification of acetic acid with alcohol isoamyl in the presence of enzymatic catalyst

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-242
Author(s):  
Nádia Ligianara Nyari ◽  
Alessandro Rogerio Paulazzi ◽  
Raquel Vera Zamadei ◽  
Jamile Zeni ◽  
Rogério Marcos Dallago
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Immobilized Lipase ◽  
Isoamyl Alcohol ◽  
Isoamyl Acetate ◽  
Ester Synthesis ◽  
Immobilized Catalyst ◽  
Ultrasound System ◽  
Enzymatic Catalyst

The Candida antarctica Lipase B immobilized on polyurethane catalysed esterification of acetic acid with isoamyl alcohol in mechanical and ultrasonic system in a system solvent-free, was studied. The maximum esterification of isoamyl acetate used immobilized catalyst was the highest esterification, 666.05 U/g with 19 cycles of reuse after 360 minutes of reaction time in mechanical system and 1319.48 U/g was observed and 14 cycles de reuse after 60 minutes of reaction time in ultrasound system. Thus, the process was considered efficient with significant reduction of the reaction time, low instrumental requirements and improve the bioprocess performance. Until now, there were no studies available in the open literature in relation to the ester synthesis catalyzed by immobilized Lipase in polyurethane as support in the ultrasound system. In addition, considered an environmentally correct and economically viable technology, it can be used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and food industry.

Catalytic Synthesis of Isoamyl Acetate Catalyzed by (NH4)6[MnMo9O32]•8H2O Supported Activated Carbon with Waugh Structure

2013 ◽  
Vol 781-784 ◽  
pp. 190-193
Author(s):  
Mei Xu ◽  
Hua Yuan ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Feng Zhen Yang
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Conversion Rate ◽  
Isoamyl Alcohol ◽  
Isoamyl Acetate ◽  
Catalytic Synthesis ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Optimum Reaction

The synthesis of isoamyl acetate with ammonium 9-molybdate manganese heteropolyacid salt supported activated carbon as catalyst was studied. The optimum reaction conditions are obtained as follows: isoamyl alcohol to acetic acid molar ratio = 1.646, the weight of catalyst is 40% of total weigh, m (acidulate catalyst)=0.2g, m (water carrying reagent toluene) = 3ml, reaction time is about 63 minutes. Selectivity is 100% and conversion rate is 89.48%.

scholarly journals Estrification of Acetic Acid with Isoamyl Alcohol over Expandable Graphite Catalyst

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiu-Yan Pang ◽  
Pu Lv ◽  
Yi-Shuang Yang ◽  
Hai-Li Ren ◽  
Fei Gong
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Isoamyl Alcohol ◽  
Isoamyl Acetate ◽  
Esterification Reaction ◽  
Expandable Graphite ◽  
Diffraction Spectrum ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Reaction Conditions

The catalysis of expandable graphite for esterification of acetic acid with isoamyl alcohol has been studied. Expandable graphite was prepared with three different methods. In esterification reaction, the influences of catalyst amount, materials ratio, reaction time, prepared method of the expandable graphite on esterification reaction were discussed. X-ray diffraction spectrum of expandable graphite testified the existence of H2SO4intercalation reaction. Through L9(34) orthogonal experiment, optimum esterification reaction conditions were gained as: n(isoamyl alcohol):n(acetic acid)=1.5:1, w(catalyst with a expandable volume of 290 mL•g-1) = 7.5% total amount of materials, reaction time 1.5 h, and temperature keeping at the boiling point. Yield of isoamyl acetate reachs 96.0%. It was testified that expandable graphite was a kind of effective catalyst in the esterification of acetic acid with isoamyl alcohol.

scholarly journals Enzymatic Synthesis of Isopropyl Acetate by Immobilized   Bacillus cereus Lipase in Organic Medium

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madan Lal Verma ◽  
Wamik Azmi ◽  
Shamsher Singh Kanwar
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Water Activity ◽  
Molecular Sieves ◽  
Immobilized Lipase ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Ester Synthesis ◽  
Initial Water ◽  
Isopropyl Acetate ◽  
Mg Addition

Selective production of fragrance fatty acid ester from isopropanol and acetic acid has been achieved using silica-immobilized lipase of Bacillus cereus MTCC 8372. A purified thermoalkalophilic extracellular lipase was immobilized by adsorption onto the silica. The effects of various parameters like molar ratio of substrates (isopropanol and acetic acid; 25 to 100 mM), concentration of biocatalyst (25–125 mg/mL), reaction time, reaction temperature, organic solvents, molecular sieves, and initial water activity were studied for optimal ester synthesis. Under optimized conditions, 66.0 mM of isopropyl acetate was produced when isopropanol and acetic acid were used at 100 mM: 75 mM in 9 h at 55°C in n-heptane under continuous shaking (160 rpm) using bound lipase (25 mg). Addition of molecular sieves (3 Å  × 1.5 mm) resulted in a marked increase in ester synthesis (73.0 mM). Ester synthesis was enhanced by water activity associated with pre-equilibrated saturated salt solution of LiCl. The immobilized lipase retained more than 50% of its activity after the 6th cycle of reuse.

Study on the Synthesis of Isoamyl Acetate Catalyzed by Strong Acidic Cation Exchange Resin

2011 ◽  
Vol 396-398 ◽  
pp. 2411-2415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Lan ◽  
Li Hong Lan ◽  
Tao Xie ◽  
An Ping Liao
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Cation Exchanger ◽  
Cation Exchange Resin ◽  
Isoamyl Acetate ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Esterification Reaction ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Optimum Reaction

Isoamyl acetate was synthesized from isoamylol and glacial acetic acid with strong acidic cation exchanger as catalyst. The effects of reaction conditions such as acid-alcohol ratio, reaction time, catalyst dosage to esterification reaction have been investigated and the optimum reaction conditions can be concluded as: the molar ratio of acetic acid to isoamylol 0.8:1, reaction time 2h, 25 % of catalyst (quality of acetic acid as benchmark). The conversion rate can reach up to 75.46%. The catalytic ability didn’t reduce significantly after reusing 10 times and the results showed that the catalyst exhibited preferably catalytic activity and reusability.

Preparation of Isoamyl Acetate by Reaction-Distillation Using Ionic Liquid as Catalyst

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 164-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Yu Li ◽  
Hong Yan Tao ◽  
Run Ze Yang
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Isoamyl Alcohol ◽  
Isoamyl Acetate ◽  
Reflux Ratio ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Azeotropic Point ◽  
Extracting Agents

In this thesis, isoamyl acetate was synthesized by reaction-distillation , using acetic acid and isoamyl alcohol as starting materials, using acid ion-liquid as catalyst and extracting agent.These are some factors were investigated, including different catalysts, ratio between acid and alcohol, amount of Ion-Liquid, and reflux ratio. Technology to prepare iso-pentyl acetate was optimized with single factor experiments. Results showed that acid ion-liquids are good catalysts and extracting agents, which increased the purity and yield of iso-pentyl acetate, as well as diminished the azeotropic point of iso-pentyl acetate and acetic acid.The optimal technological conditions are as following: ratio of acid:alcohol 2:1 (mol), dosage of ion-liquid V = 2 mL, reflux ratio R = 2.5. Under this condition, purity of obtained iso-pentyl acetate is 99%, and the yield is 85%.

Activity model and consistent thermodynamic features for acetic acid–isoamyl alcohol–isoamyl acetate–water reactive system

2013 ◽  
Vol 345 ◽  
pp. 68-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilmar Osorio-Viana ◽  
Miguel Duque-Bernal ◽  
Jesús David Quintero-Arias ◽  
Izabela Dobrosz-Gómez ◽  
Javier Fontalvo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Isoamyl Alcohol ◽  
Isoamyl Acetate ◽  
Reactive System ◽  
Activity Model

scholarly journals Grape Pomace Extracts as Fermentation Medium for the Production of Potential Biopreservation Compounds

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxwell Mewa-Ngongang ◽  
Heinrich du Plessis ◽  
Seteno Ntwampe ◽  
Boredi Chidi ◽  
Ucrecia Hutchinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
Isoamyl Alcohol ◽  
Fermentation Medium ◽  
Isoamyl Acetate ◽  
Grape Pomace ◽  
Production Medium ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Food Losses ◽  
Chemical Preservatives ◽  
Pichia Kluyveri

Microbial spoilage causes food losses in the food industry and as such, the use of synthetic chemical preservatives is still required. The current study proposes the use of agro-waste, i.e., grape pomace extracts (GPE), as production medium for biopreservation compounds. Production kinetics, subsequent to optimization using response surface methodology (RSM) for biopreservation compounds production was studied for three yeasts using GPE broth as a fermentation medium. The results showed that the highest volumetric zone of inhibition (VZI) was 1.24 L contaminated solidified media (CSM) per mL biopreservation compounds used (BCU) when Candida pyralidae Y1117 was inoculated in a pH 3-diluted GPE broth (150 g L−1) incubated at 25 °C for 24 h. Similar conditions were applied for Pichia kluyveri Y1125 and P. kluyveri Y1164, albeit under slightly elongated fermentation periods (up to 28 h), prior to the attainment of a maximum VZI of only 0.72 and 0.76 L CSM mL−1 ACU, respectively. The potential biopreservation compounds produced were identified to be isoamyl acetate, isoamyl alcohol, 2-phenyl ethylacetate and 2-phenyl ethanol.

scholarly journals Quality Comparison of Hawthorn Wines Fermented by Saccharomyces cerevisiae with and without Pulp Contact and Pectase Treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenye Zhang ◽  
Lei Chi ◽  
Yan Wu ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Chunping Xu
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Isoamyl Alcohol ◽  
Isoamyl Acetate ◽  
Volatile Composition ◽  
Phenylethyl Alcohol ◽  
Ethyl Octanoate ◽  
Ph Decrease ◽  
Alcohol Ethyl

This study evaluated the chemical and volatile composition of hawthorn wines fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae A3.12 with and without pulp contact and pectase treatment during fermentation. The results indicated that the addition of pectase was in favor of pH decrease and clarification. The pectase-treated wines had significantly higher concentrations of acetic acid, ethyl octanoate, and isoamyl acetate than the non-enzyme-treated wines. Furthermore, the nonextracted wines had significantly higher concentrations of isoamyl alcohol, phenylethyl alcohol, ethyl lactate, and isoamyl acetate than the extracted wines. The first principal component separated the wine from the nonextracted juice with pectase from other samples based on the higher concentrations of isoamyl acetate (0.14 μg/g), diethyl butanedioate (0.07 μg/g), 2-phenylethyl acetate (0.23 μg/g), and acetoin (1.47 μg/g). The wine from nonextracted pulpy juice with pectase was significantly more aromatic than the others and 26.2% of the consumers were found to be willing to purchase this product.

Microwave Irradiated Acetylation of p-Anisidine: A Step towards Green Chemistry

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mousumi Chakraborty ◽  
Vaishali Umrigar ◽  
Parimal A. Parikh
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Acetic Anhydride ◽  
Microwave Irradiation ◽  
Organic Solvent ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Microwave Energy ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Feed Composition

The present study aims at assessing the effect of microwave irradiation against thermal heat on the production of N-acetyl-p-anisidine by acetylation of p-anisidine. The acetylation of p-anisidine under microwave irradiation produces N-acetyl-p-anisidine in shorter reaction times, which offers a benefit to the laboratories as well as industries. It also eliminates the use of excess solvent. Effects of operating parameters such as reaction time, feed composition, and microwave energy and reaction temperature on selectivity to the desired product have been investigated. The results indicate as high as a 98% conversion of N-acetyl-p-anisidine can be achieved within 12-15 minutes using acetic acid. The use of acetic acid as an acetylating agent against conventionally used acetic anhydride eliminates the handling of explosive acetic anhydride and also the energy intensive distillation step for separation of acetic acid. Organic solvent like acetic anhydride are not only hazardous to the environment, they are also expensive and flammable.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document