scholarly journals Assessment of diarrhea treatment and counseling in community pharmacies in Baghdad, Iraq: A simulated patient study

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 1313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inas R. Ibrahim ◽  
Subish Palaian ◽  
Mohamed I. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Simulated Patient ◽  
Community Pharmacies ◽  
Patient Study

scholarly journals An assessment of counseling quality provided by community pharmacies to type 2 diabetic adult patients for oral therapy: a simulated patient study from Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Majid Aziz ◽  
Shimin Yang ◽  
Imran Masood ◽  
Shan Zhu ◽  
Muhammad Ali Raza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Therapy ◽  
Simulated Patient ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Community Pharmacies ◽  
Patient Study ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

scholarly journals The Quality of Counselling for Oral Emergency Contraceptive Pills—A Simulated Patient Study in German Community Pharmacies

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6720
Author(s):  
Bernhard Langer ◽  
Sophia Grimm ◽  
Gwenda Lungfiel ◽  
Franca Mandlmeier ◽  
Vanessa Wenig
Keyword(s):  
Simulated Patient ◽  
Guideline Recommendation ◽  
Community Pharmacies ◽  
Unprotected Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Patient Study ◽  
Contraceptive Pill ◽  
Emergency Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Emergency Contraceptive Pill ◽  
Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Emergency Contraceptive

Background: In Germany, there are two different active substances, levonorgestrel (LNG) and ulipristal acetate (UPA), available as emergency contraception (the “morning after pill”) with UPA still effective even 72 to 120 h after unprotected sexual intercourse, unlike LNG. Emergency contraceptive pills have been available without a medical prescription since March 2015 but are still only dispensed by community pharmacies. The aim of this study was to determine the counselling and dispensing behaviour of pharmacy staff and the factors that may influence this behaviour in a scenario that intends that only the emergency contraceptive pill containing the active substance UPA is dispensed (appropriate outcome). Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in the form of a covert simulated patient study in a random sample of community pharmacies stratified by location in the German state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern and reported in accordance with the STROBE statement. Each pharmacy was visited once at random by one of four trained test buyers. They simulated a product-based request for an emergency contraceptive pill, stating contraceptive failure 3.5 days prior as the reason. The test scenario and the evaluation forms are based on the recommended actions, including the checklist from the Federal Chamber of Pharmacies. Results: All 199 planned pharmacy visits were carried out. The appropriate outcome (dispensing of UPA) was achieved in 78.9% of the test purchases (157/199). A significant correlation was identified between the use of the counselling room and the use of a checklist (p < 0.001). The use of a checklist led to a significantly higher questioning score (p < 0.001). In a multivariate binary logistic regression analysis, a higher questioning score (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.41; 95% CI = 1.22–1.63; p < 0.001) and a time between 12:01 and 4:00 p.m. (AOR = 2.54; 95% CI = 1.13–5.73; p = 0.024) compared to 8:00 to 12:00 a.m. were significantly associated with achieving the appropriate outcome. Conclusions: In a little over one-fifth of all test purchases, the required dispensing of UPA did not occur. The use of a counselling room and a checklist, the use of a checklist and the questioning score as well as the questioning score and achieving the appropriate outcome are all significantly correlated. A target regulation for the use of a counselling room, an explicit guideline recommendation about the use of a checklist, an obligation for keeping UPA in stock and appropriate mandatory continuing education programmes should be considered.

scholarly journals Pharmacy availability of emergency contraception in southwestern Pennsylvania: A simulated patient study

2021 ◽  
pp. 100068
Author(s):  
Katherine Orr ◽  
Jennifer Chin ◽  
Maris Cuddeback ◽  
Jessica Zimo ◽  
Colleen Judge-Golden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Contraception ◽  
Simulated Patient ◽  
Patient Study ◽  
Southwestern Pennsylvania
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