scholarly journals Addition of Dexamethasone to Prophylactic Granisetron in Children Undergoing Ocular Surgeries – A Randomised Controlled Double-Blind Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (01) ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Koilada Shiv Kumar ◽  
Rajan Anand ◽  
Debasis Bagchi
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Nausea ◽  
Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Paediatric Age ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Post Operative Nausea

BACKGROUND Postoperative nausea and vomiting are highly prevalent after ophthalmic surgeries in the paediatric age group. In this randomised, double-blind prospective clinical trial, we studied and compared the efficacy of granisetron and combination of granisetron with dexamethasone to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting after paediatric ocular surgeries. METHODS Sixty paediatric patients (06 - 12 yrs. of age) undergoing elective ocular surgeries were randomly allocated to one of the two groups of 30 patients each. Group (G) received granisetron 40 mcg kg–1 intravenously as a bolus before induction of anaesthesia. Group (G + d) received granisetron 40 mcg kg–1 & dexamethasone 0.1 mg kg–1 intravenously as a bolus before induction. Student t-test, Fisher exact test were used wherever applicable for statistical analysis using SPSS version 15.0. RESULTS A complete response (defined as no post-operative nausea and vomiting and no need for another rescue antiemetic) was achieved in 63.3 % of patients who received granisetron alone and in 96.7 % of patients who received granisetron plus dexamethasone. We found nil difference in complications between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS We found that addition of dexamethasone to granisetron is more effective and beneficial than granisetron alone in preventing postoperative emesis in 1st 24 hours. KEYWORDS Post-Operative Nausea and Vomiting, Anaesthesia, Granisetron, Dexamethasone

scholarly journals Granisetron versus Granisetron-Dexamethasone for Prevention of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Pediatric Strabismus Surgery: A Randomized Double-Blind Trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renu Sinha ◽  
Dilip Shende ◽  
Souvik Maitra ◽  
Neeraj Kumar ◽  
Bikash Ranjan Ray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Nausea ◽  
Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Strabismus Surgery ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Oculocardiac Reflex ◽  
Significant Difference

Aim.Efficacy of granisetron and combination of granisetron and dexamethasone was evaluated for prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in children undergoing elective strabismus surgery.Methods.A total of 136 children (1–15 years) were included. Children received either granisetron (40 mcg/kg) [group G] or combination of granisetron (40 mcg/kg) and dexamethasone (150 mcg/kg) [group GD]. Intraoperative fentanyl requirement and incidence and severity of oculocardiac reflex were assessed. PONV severity was assessed for first 24 hours and if score was >2, it was treated with metoclopramide. Postoperative analgesia was administered with intravenous fentanyl and ibuprofen.Results.The demographic profile, muscles operated, and fentanyl requirement were comparable. Complete response to PONV in first 24 hours was observed in 75% (51/68) of children in group G and 76.9% (50/65) of children in group GD, which was comparable statistically (p=0.96, Fisher exact test; OR 1.11, 95% CI 0.50, 2.46). Incidence of PONV between 0 and 24 hours was comparable. One child in group G required rescue antiemetic in first 24 hours and none of the children had severe PONV in group GD. There was no significant difference in incidence or severity of oculocardiac reflex.Conclusion.Dexamethasone did not increase efficacy of granisetron for prevention of PONV in elective pediatric strabismus surgery. Registration number of clinical trial wasCTRI/2009/091/001000.

A RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND STUDY OF PALONOSETRON COMPARED WITH ONDANSETRON IN PREVENTING POSTOPERATIVE NAUSEA AND VOMITING AFTER MODIFIED RADICAL MASTECTOMY SURGERY.

2021 ◽  
pp. 72-74
Author(s):  
Anusha K ◽  
Sherin bright
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Postoperative Nausea ◽  
Radical Mastectomy ◽  
Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Post Operative Nausea

BACKGROUND : Palonosetron is a new potent 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 antagonist. Although used for chemo induced emesis, data is lacking for PONV. The high incidence of nausea and vomiting after breast surgery is well documented. This study compared the effects of i.v.ondansetron and palonosetron administered at the time of induction for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in these high-risk patients . The aim was to compare Onda METHODS : nsetron 8 mg and Palonosetron 0.075mg administered intravenously for prevention of post operative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing modied radical mastectomy 24 hours postoperatively, by a randomised , controlled, double blind study. 70 female non smoking patients scheduled for elective modied radical mastectomy were, allocated randomly into 2 groups . Patients received either Palonosetron 0.075mg (GROUP P ) or ondansetron 8mg ( GROUP O ) intravenously, immediately before induction of general anaesthesia. The occurence of nausea, vomiting, retching, need for rescue antiemetics and side effects were monitored for a period of 24 hours after surgery. The compete response rate and overall PONV for 0 - 24 hours were calculated. The demographic prole of the patients were comparable. The RESULTS : incidence of a complete response (no PONV, no rescue antiemetics ) during 0 - 24 hours in post operative period was signicantly high in GROUP P ( 85.7% vs 62.9%, p=0.02) than GROUP O. The incidence of nausea was signicantly low in GROUP P ( 14.3% vs 37.1%). There was no statistically signicant difference between the 2 groups in vomiting, retching, side effects and need for rescue antiemetics. Thus overall PONV was low in GROUP P (14.3% vs 37.1% p = 0.02 statistically signicant.) We conclude that Palonosetron 0.075mg was more effective for preventing PONV in patients undergoing modied radical mastectomy surgery

scholarly journals Evaluation of the efficacy of Granisetron over Droperidol in the prevention of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting following open Cholecystectomy

JMS SKIMS ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-14
Author(s):  
Abdul Qayoom Lone ◽  
Shruti Sharma ◽  
Mohamad Ommid ◽  
Showkat H Nengroo ◽  
Imtiyaz Naqash
Keyword(s):  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Postoperative Nausea ◽  
Open Cholecystectomy ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Physical Status ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Post Operative Nausea ◽  
To Receive

BACKGROUND: Post operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) continue to be frequent occurrences, even when conventional antiemetics are prophylactically used. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of Granisetron over Droperidol in the prevention of PONV in patients undergoing elective open cholecystectomy under general anesthesia. MATERIAL & METHODS: In this double blind randomized study, 100 adult patients with physical status ASA I and II, (age, 20-60 years), were randomly allocated into two groups, X or Y, to receive either injection Granisetron hydrochloride (3 mg i/v) or Droperidol (2.5 mg i/v), 5 min prior to induction of general anesthesia. The incidence of nausea and vomiting was recorded every six hourly for a period of 24 hour after the surgery. RESULTS: 6 (12%) patients in the granisetron group and 20 (40%) patients in the Droperidol group reported an emetic episode, (p = 0.002); the incidence of PONV in the total 24 hr period after the surgery, 54% in the granisetron group and 76% in Droperidol group (p = 0.022) CONCLUSIONS: It was found that granisetron is superior to Droperidol in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting. JMS 2011;14(1):11-14

scholarly journals Comparison of Granisetron and Granisetron Plus Dexamethasone for the Prevention of Post-operative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV)

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (Number 1) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
K S Islam ◽  
S M Bakhtiar ◽  
M A Mannan
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Combination Group ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group B ◽  
Post Operative Nausea ◽  
Induction Of Anaesthesia

77tere is a high incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in patients undergoing surer, and anaesthesia. Many factors are claimed to be responsible for POW. This stad.v MU designed to compare the effectiveness of grornsetron pits desomethasone with gran isetron alone to prevent post-operative nausea and vomiting. In this randomised double blind study. sixty patients were divided into two egnal groups ( n=30 each ). Patients in Group A received granisetron 40 pion per kg before inductor of anaesthesia and those in Group B received gmnisetron 40 pp: per kg phis devamethasone 8 nog before induction of anaesthesia. All the patients were observed for post-opera tive nausea and vaniting for 24 hours (0-6 hours in the recovety room and 18 hours in ward or cabin). A significant difference was found in complete response, defined as no pos,opertalve nausea and vomiting. between patients of graniserron alone group and those of granisetron pins dexamethasone combination group. The combination of grontsoron plus de.tainethasone is considered to be more effective for prevention of post-operative nausea and vomiting.

scholarly journals Effects of aprepitant /dexamethasone versus mirtazapine/dexamethasone on postoperative nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: a randomized controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarek Ashoor ◽  
Dina Y. Kassim ◽  
Ahmed M. Hasseb ◽  
Ibrahim M. Esmat
Keyword(s):  
Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽  
Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽  
Postoperative Nausea ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Patient’S Satisfaction

Abstract Background Co-administration of different antiemetics proved to decrease postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). The investigators compared the combination of aprepitant and dexamethasone (A/D) with the combination of mirtazapine and dexamethasone (M/D) for prevention of PONV in morbidly obese patients undergoing LSG. Methods Ninety patients scheduled for LSG were assigned to receive a single preoperative dose of dexamethasone 8 mg IVI (D group), and in addition to oral aprepitant 80 mg (A/D group) or oral mirtazapine 30 mg (M/D group) in a randomized, double-blind trial. Assessment of PONV was done 0–2 h (early) and 2–24 hours (late). Patients’ level of sedation, satisfaction and postoperative pain were also assessed. Results A/D and M/D groups were superior to D group for complete response 0–24 h after surgery (79.3% for A/D group, 78.6% for M/D group and 20.7% for D group). D group was inferior to A/D and M/D groups regarding collective PONV and use of rescue antiemetics (P < 0.001) 0–24 h after surgery. The peak nausea scores 2–24 h were significantly lower in both A/D and M/D groups vs. D group (P = 0.005). Patients in the M/D group showed higher sedation scores while those in A/D groups showed lower pain scores and less analgesic requirements. A/D and M/D groups were superior to D group regarding the patient’s satisfaction score. Conclusion A/D and M/D combinations were superior to D alone regarding the proportion of patients exhibiting a complete response in preventing PONV associated with LSG. Trial Registration: Clinical Trials. gov Identifier: NCT04013386/ prospectively registered: 09/07/2019, http://www.Clinical Trial.gov

Intravenous Amisulpride for the Prevention of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting

2017 ◽  
Vol 126 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong J. Gan ◽  
Peter Kranke ◽  
Harold S. Minkowitz ◽  
Sergio D. Bergese ◽  
Johann Motsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Nausea ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Parallel Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Clinically Significant

Abstract Background Two essentially identical, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group phase III studies evaluated the efficacy of intravenous amisulpride, a dopamine D2/D3 antagonist, in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting in adult surgical patients. Methods Adult inpatients undergoing elective surgery during general anesthesia and having at least two of the four Apfel risk factors for postoperative nausea and vomiting were enrolled at 9 U.S. and 10 European sites. A single 5-mg dose of amisulpride or matching placebo was given at induction of anesthesia. The primary endpoint was complete response, defined as no vomiting/retching and no use of antiemetic rescue medication in the 24-h postoperative period. Nausea incidence was a secondary endpoint. Results Across the two studies, 689 patients were randomized and dosed with study medication, of whom 626 were evaluable per protocol. In the U.S. study, 46.9% (95% CI, 39.0 to 54.9) of patients achieved complete response in the amisulpride group compared to 33.8% (95% CI, 26.2 to 42.0) in the placebo group (P = 0.026). In the European study, complete response rates were 57.4% (95% CI, 49.2 to 65.3) for amisulpride and 46.6% (95% CI, 38.8 to 54.6) for placebo (P = 0.070). Nausea occurred less often in patients who received amisulpride than those who received placebo. There was no clinically significant difference in the safety profile of amisulpride and placebo; in particular, there were no differences in terms of QT prolongation, extrapyramidal side effects, or sedation. Conclusions One of the two trials demonstrated superiority, while pooling both in a post hoc change to the plan of analysis supported the hypothesis that amisulpride was safe and superior to placebo in reducing the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in a population of adult inpatients at moderate to high risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting.

Comparison of the effects of Dexamethasone and Ondansetron on the Reduction of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting following Cesarean Section under Spinal Anesthesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arash karimi ◽  
Jahanbakhsh Nejadi ◽  
Mahnaz Shamseh ◽  
Nooshin Ronasi ◽  
Mehdi Birjandi
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Spinal Anesthesia ◽  
Postoperative Nausea ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Elective Cesarean Section ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common complication associated with the use of anesthesia. Several antiemetics are used to reduce the incidence and severity of PONV. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of dexamethasone and ondansetron to treat PONV in patients undergoing cesarean section (c-section) under spinal anesthesia. Methods: This double-blind clinical trial study was performed on patients who were referred to the operating room of Haji Karim Asali Hospital of Khorramabad for elective cesarean section in 2016-17. Upon meeting the inclusion criteria, patients were allotted into two groups (n=60). Group A received 8mg of dexamethasone and group B received 4mg of ondansetron after spinal anesthesia. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) questionnaire and Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale (DASS) questionnaire was used for the analysis. Patients with mild to moderate stress, anxiety, and depression were included in the study. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16 software. Results: There was no difference in the demographic data of the two groups. The mean severity of nausea in group A was significantly higher than in group B. The frequency of vomiting in group A was 20 times higher than group B, which was found to be statistically significant, p = 0.018. Concerning the type of delivery with the frequency of nausea, the results showed that the frequency of nausea in group A was 3.24 times higher than group B, however, this difference was not statistically significant, p = 0.106. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, ondansetron had a significant effect on the alleviation of postoperative nausea and vomiting, as compared to dexamethasone in c-section surgical candidates.

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