scholarly journals A proteomics approach to identify the differential protein level in cardiac muscle of diabetic rat.

2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhanaraj Karthik ◽  
Ravichandran Vijayakumar ◽  
Kalailingam Pazhanichamy ◽  
Sivanesan Ravikumar
Keyword(s):  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Diabetic Complication ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Proteomics Approach

Cardiovascular proteomics investigation reveals the characterization and elucidation of the novel therapeutic targets and strategies to prevent the development of heart failure associated diabetic complication by using 2DE and MS. The experimental animals were made diabetic with a single intraperitoneal injection of alloxan (150 mg/kg of bw). Albino rats were randomly divided into four individual groups: Group-I control (n=6), group-II alloxan-induced diabetic rats, untreated (n=6), group-III (n=6) and group-IV (n=6) alloxan-induced diabetic rats were treated with aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Cynodon dactylon for 15 days, respectively. Animals were euthanized to collect the heart tissues and blood samples. 2DE sample preparation, gel running and staining (n=6: each groups) were performed at the same time to avoid variation. The result of six gel images from each group were analyzed and evaluated as one match set with 2D software (P

Anti-diabetic activity of diphenhydramine in diabetic rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 5067-5070
Author(s):  
Pang Jyh Chayng ◽  
Nurul Ain ◽  
Kaswandi Md Ambia ◽  
Rahim Md Noah
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Insulin Level ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group I

The purpose of this project is to study the anti-diabetic effect of on a diabetic rat model. A total of Twenty male Sprague rats were used and it randomly distributed into four groups which are Group I: , Group II: negative control, Group III: and Group IV: and . In diabetic model were induced with via injection at the dosage of 65mg/kg. and FBG (Fasting Blood Glucose) level of diabetic rats were assessed every three days. Blood was collected via cardiac puncture at day 21 after the induction of treatment. Insulin level of the rats was assessed with the Mercodia Rat Insulin ELISA kit. FBG level of group I (12.16 ±3.96, p<0.05) and group IV (11.34 ±3.67, p<0.05) were significantly decreased. Meanwhile, the for all rats did not show any significant increase. However, the insulin level was escalated in group IV (0.74+0.25, p<0.05) significantly. The present study shows that the and the combination of and lowered blood glucose level and enhanced insulin secretion.

A Study on the Effect of Samoa Extract (Cleome droserifolia) on Sperm Quality in Male Albino Rats Exposed to Pyrethroid

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Nura I. Al-Zail ◽  
Salah F. Kamies
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Induced Changes

Pyrethroid cyhalothrin (PC) is an insecticide that is used worldwide for pest control in agriculture and household use. Samoa extract (SE) is a potent antioxidant protecting cells from oxidative stress. The present study investigates the protective and therapeutic effect of SE on PC-induced changes in sperm quality in male rats. Fifty adult male albino rats were divided into five groups: group I: served as control; group II: received PC i.p. only (6.2 mg/kg b.wt.); group III: received SE only (100 mg/kg b.wt., p.o.) for eight weeks; group IV: received SE as a protective agent daily for eight weeks, then followed by the administration of PC (i.p.) three times a week for two weeks; group V: exposed to PC (i.p.) three times a week for two weeks, then treated with the SE daily for 8 weeks. Results showed that PC caused markedly impaired sperm quality (a count, viability, motility, and abnormality). Compared to PC-treated animals, SE in the protective group markedly restored the alteration of sperm indices. However, SE in the curative group was found to be less effective in restoring PC-induced alterations. In conclusion, the data of this study revealed that the SE as a protective agent is more effective than as a therapeutic agent. Keywords: Samoa; Pyrethroid; Sperm quality; Rat

scholarly journals Ameliorative Effects of Fenugreek Seeds and Curcumin on Hematotoxicity induced by Nicotine in Male Albino Rats

2022 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-08
Author(s):  
Azab Elsayed Azab ◽  
Mohamed Omar Albasha ◽  
Manal Abuelkasem Elnaif
Keyword(s):  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Group V ◽  
Fenugreek Seeds ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I

The present study aimed to investigate the ameliorative effects of fenugreek seeds and curcumin on hematotoxicity induced by nicotine in male albino rats. 30 male F-344/NHsd Fischer rats, weighing from 180 to 200g were used in the present study. The animals were divided into five groups (6 rats for each); Group I (control group), Group II (nicotine treated group), Group III (nicotine/fenugreek seeds co-administered), Group IV (nicotine/curcumin co-administered), and Group V (nicotine/curcumin& fenugreek seeds co-administered). At the end of the experimentation and 24 hours after the last dose, all animals were anaesthetized with ether and blood samples were collected by heart puncture. The samples were collected in clean dry tubes containing the anticoagulant substance EDTA and used for the hematological studies. The results showed that the animals treated with nicotine for 4 weeks showed a significant decrease in RBCs count, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit value, MCH, MCHC, and platelets count, and increased MCV and WBCs count as compared to the control group. Co-administration of nicotine with fenugreek and/or curcumin caused improvement in all hematological parameters when compared with nicotine group. It can be concluded that nicotine had a strong effect on the hematological parameters. The ingestion of fenugreek and/or curcumin prevent the hematoxicity induced by nicotine. The current study suggests that fenugreek and curcumin may be useful in combating free radical-induced hematotoxicity induced by nicotine.

scholarly journals Evaluation of anxiolytic activity of aqueous extract of Nerium oleander flowers in albino rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 1797
Author(s):  
Shashikala G. H. ◽  
Shilpa B. N. ◽  
Mansi J. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Anxiolytic Activity ◽  
Nerium Oleander ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Dose Dependent Decrease ◽  
Dose Dependent

Background: Anxiety has become a very important area of research interest in psychopharmacology as it affects one-eighth of the population worldwide. Benzodiazepines are still the most commonly used drugs for anxiety despite a number of side effects.There is a need for newer antianxiety drugs with increased safety and efficacy, hence this study was undertaken to evaluate the anxiolytic activity of Nerium oleander flowers.Methods: Aqueous extract of Nerium oleander flowers (NA) was prepared using soxhalet apparatus. A total of 24 Albino rats aged 8-10 weeks of either sex weighing about 100-150g were obtained and divided into 4 groups of 6 rats each. Group I: Normal saline 10mL/kg. Group II: Diazepam 2mg/kg Group III: NA at a dose of 200 mg/kg Group IV: NA at a dose of 400mg/kg. The anxiolytic activity of Aqueous extract of NA was tested by elevated plus maze and digital actophotometer models. Data was analysed using one way ANOVA followed by Posthoc Tukey’s test.Results: In EPM model, the NA at 200, 400mg/kg doses showed that the number of entries and time spent in the open arms were increased significantly as compared to the control animals. (p<0.001). In Actophoptometer model, two different doses of NA (200 and 400mg/kg) showed a dose-dependent decrease in the locomotor activity, when compared to the control animals (p<0.001).Conclusions: Both the doses of aqueous extract of Nerium oleander flowers (200mg and 400mg/kg) possess anxiolytic activity and could be used as a new approach to treat anxiety.

scholarly journals Effects of Atrazine on Reproductive Health of Nondiabetic and Diabetic Male Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinesh Babu Jestadi ◽  
Alugoju Phaniendra ◽  
Undru Babji ◽  
Bhavatharini Shanmuganathan ◽  
Latha Periyasamy
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive System ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Nonsignificant Decrease

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of low dose of atrazine on reproductive system of male Wistar rats. 16 rats were divided into four groups of four animals each. Group I (nondiabetic) and group III (diabetic) animals served as controls that received safflower oil (300 μL/kg bw/day), respectively. Group II (nondiabetic) and group IV (diabetic) animals received atrazine (300 μg/kg bw/day). Nonsignificant decrease in the activities of antioxidant and steroidogenic enzymes and sperm parameters suggests that atrazine did not produce any effect on reproductive system of rats. Histological findings also revealed that atrazine at a dose of 300 μg/kg bw did not produce any testicular toxic effects in nondiabetic and diabetic atrazine treated rats. Low dose of atrazine did not show reproductive toxicity in rats. To know the effects of atrazine in diabetic rats further studies have to be carried out with increased concentration of atrazine.

scholarly journals Osteoprotective Effect of Enamel Matrix Derivatives on the Regeneration of Mandibular Defects in Experimentally Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Laila E. Amin ◽  
Naglaa Salama
Keyword(s):  
Bone Healing ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Surgically Induced

Purpose. Osteoporosis is a progressive systematic skeletal illness characterized by low bone mineral density and susceptibility to fracture caused by bone resorption. Aim of the Study. This study intended to evaluate the possible role of emdogain in combination with calcitonin on the healing of surgically induced mandibular defects performed on osteoporotic rats. Materials and Methods. Forty healthy female white albino rats were included in this study and divided into four groups. In group I (negative control), 10 rats received a vehicle injection after which a unilateral mandibular defect was created in each rat of all groups. Three groups were subjected to induction of osteoporosis by subcutaneous injection of 0.1 mg/kg/day dexamethasone for 60 days. In group II, rats were kept without treatment. In group III, rats were treated with daily intramuscular injection of 2.5 IU/kg of synthetic salmon calcitonin. In group IV, rats were handled as group III, and the created cavity was filled with emdogain. Rats were euthanized at 2nd and 4th week postsurgically. Hematoxylin and eosin, Masson’s trichrome, NF-κB (nuclear factor of activated B cells), and immunohistochemical stains were used, followed by statistical analysis. Results. Group I showed normal stages of bone defects healing. Group II revealed the formation of granulation tissue with dilated blood vessels, while groups III and IV showed enhanced bone healing and proper collagen fibers. The percentage area of newly formed collagen fibers was significantly higher in group IV at 2nd week (13.96 ± 0.020%) and 4th week (16.95 ± 0.024%) than in group II (8.75 ± 0.015% and 10.29 ± 0.015%, respectively) and group III (12.93 ± 0.015% and 14.61 ± 0.021%, respectively), but was lower than that in group I (15.75 ± 0.015% and 17.49 ± 0.015%, respectively). Conclusion. The local application of emdogain combined with systemically injected calcitonin improves bone healing in surgically induced bone defects in osteoporotic rats.

scholarly journals Chemotherapeutic Efficacy of Indigofera aspalathoides on 20-Methylcholanthrene-Induced Fibrosarcoma in Rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selva Kumar Sivagnanam ◽  
Mudiganti Ram Krishna Rao ◽  
Maruthaiveeran Periyasamy Balasubramanian
Keyword(s):  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Liver And Kidney

The present study was undertaken to test the chemopreventive effects of one herbal medicinal plant, Indigofera aspalathoides, on chemically induced carcinogenesis in rats. A well-known polyaromatic hydrocarbon, namely, 20-methylcholanthrene, which is a known carcinogenic substance, was used to induce fibrosarcoma in Wistar strain of male albino rats. Fibrosarcoma rats were treated with aqueous extracts of Indigofera aspalathoides. The rats were divided into four groups, each consisting of six animals. Group I served as normal control, Group II served as fibrosarcoma-induced animals, Group III were fibrosarcoma-bearing animals treated with aqueous extracts of Indigofera aspalathoides, and Group IV animals, which were normal healthy animals treated with Indigofera aspalathoides aqueous extract, served as drug control set. Group III and Group IV animals were treated with aqueous extract of Indigofera aspalathoides intraperitoneally at a dose of 250 mg/kg. b.w. for 30 days. The fibrosarcoma was proved by pathological examinations. The activity levels of nucleic acids such as total DNA and RNA and hexose, hexosamine, and sialic acid in liver and kidney of treated rats were used to monitor the chemopreventive role of the plant extract. The observed increase in the levels of DNA, RNA, hexose, hexosamine, and sialic acid in liver and kidney tissues of fibrosarcoma-bearing animals reached near normal state after the treatment with aqueous extracts of Indigofera aspalathoides, suggesting that Indigofera aspalathoides does have a chemotherapeutic role.

scholarly journals The possible protective effect of Panax ginseng on experimentally induced colchicine myopathy in adult male albino rats: A histological study

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
Aiman Al-Maathadi ◽  
Sinan Farhan ◽  
Jihad Alzyoud ◽  
Aiman Al-Qtaitata
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Concomitant Administration ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Oral Gavage ◽  
Ginseng Extract ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I

Myopathy is one of the side effects of colchicine, manifested as pain, dysfunction, and weakness of muscles. Ginseng extract antioxidant  and anti-inflammatory activities have been reported in muscular tissue. This study was conducted to investigate whether administration of ginseng ameliorates colchicine-induced skeletal muscles damage in adult male albino rats. Forty adult male albino rats were randomly  divided into four groups (ten/group) – Group I (control group): rats received normal diet and orally given normal saline, Group II: ginseng extract was administered via oral gavage daily for one month at the doses of 300 mg/kg, Group III (Colchicine treated group): rats were  given colchicine (50 μg/kg/day) via oral gavage for one month, and Group IV: concomitant administration of Ginseng and colchicine for one month. Serum creatine kinase (CK) levels were measured, and skeletal muscles specimens were processed for light and electron microscopic examination. Administration of colchicine (group III) showed elevated serum CK, and histologically myofibrillar disarray foci together with cellular infiltration and edema. Group IV showed reduction in most of those manifestations. Concomitant administration of ginseng with colchicine ameliorated most of the symptoms related to colchicine induced-myopathy.

scholarly journals FLAXSEED OIL ALONE AND AS AN ADJUVANT WITH PHENYTOIN IN MES-INDUCED SEIZURES IN ALBINO RATS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 329
Author(s):  
Rahul H Damodar ◽  
Suneel Kumar Reddy ◽  
Malvika Goyal ◽  
Pradeep B E
Keyword(s):  
Anticonvulsant Activity ◽  
Clonic Seizure ◽  
Flaxseed Oil ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Oral Drug ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Maximal Electroshock ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Righting Reflex

 Objective: The objective of this study to evaluate the anticonvulsant activity of flaxseed oil alone and as an adjuvant to phenytoin sodium.Methods: A total of 24 albino rats were used for this study. Four groups - control, standard (phenytoin sodium), test (flaxseed oil), and flaxseed oil along with phenytoin were made with six rats in each group. Maximal electroshock seizures 60-Hz AC of 150 mA intensity for 0.2 s were induced using an electroconvulsiometer with ear electrodes 60 min after oral drug administration. Duration of tonic hind limb extension (THLE) in seconds was used as a measure of seizures induced.Results: The mean duration of THLE in 4 groups was 11.66 (Group I), 5.67 (Group II), 3.85 (Group III), and 2.69 (Group IV). Duration of THLE was reduced in flaxseed oil group (P < 0.000) compared to both control and standard. Other parameters such as regain of righting reflex and recovery time also showed improvement. The group where flaxseed oil was used as an adjuvant to phenytoin also showed significant anticonvulsant activity. It showed a greater reduction in the parameters compared to either drug alone.Conclusion: The study showed that flaxseed oil possesses marked anticonvulsant activity when used alone and as an adjuvant to phenytoin. This study shows the potential of flaxseed oil in generalized tonic-clonic seizure.

scholarly journals Anti-Hyperlipidemic Action of Zingiber officinale (Ginger) Juice in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selima Sultana ◽  
Shakil Akter ◽  
Md Ismail Khan
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Hyperlipidemia is an important modifiable risk factor contributing to atterosclerosis in diabetes mellitus. Zingiber officinale (ginger) widely consumed as spice is known for its hypoglycemic and hypochlosteremic actions. The present study was undertaken to investigate anti-hyperlipidemic action of ginger juice in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Male Wister rats, 130-150 g wt, fed on standard diet and water ad libitum were divided into 4 groups (n=6 in each group): group I nondiabetic control, group II non-diabetic treated; group III diabetic control and group IV diabetic treated. Diabetes was induced by Inj. alloxan 150 mg Kg–1 b.w., i.p. (group III & IV) on Day 2. Rats having blood glucose level of >7 mmol/l on day 5 (72 hrs after alloxan Inj.) were considered diabetic and selected for experimentation. Both non-diabetic and diabetic treated groups (Gr II & IV) received Zingiber officinale (ginger) juice (4 ml Kg–1 b.w., p.o.) for 10 days (day 2-day 11) through Ryles tube. On Day 12, animals were sacrificed under light ether anaesthesia, blood was collected by cardiac puncture and serum separated for estimation of lipids. Zingiber officinale (ginger) juice significantly (p<0.01) decreased alloxan induced hyperglycemia (group IV), but had no effect on blood glucose level in normal rats (group II); significantly (p<0.001) reduced alloxan induced hyperlipidemia, but produced no significant lipid lowering effects in normal rats (group II).The results suggest a significant anti-hyperlipidemic action of Zingiber officinale (ginger) juice in alloxan induced diabetic rats. The findings may be clinically significant and exploited. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/imcj.v6i2.14730 Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2012; 6(2): 55-58

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