scholarly journals Immunoinflammatory responses in gastrointestinal tract injury and recovery.

2013 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Garima Verma ◽  
Akranth Marella ◽  
Md Shaquiquzzaman ◽  
Md Mumtaz Alam
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Mechanism Of Injury ◽  
Mediators Of Inflammation ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽  
Free Radical Formation ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Gastrointestinal Inflammation ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Inflammation is a non-specific immune response to infection, irritation or other injury, the key features being redness, warmth, swelling and pain. A number of mediators are released which alter the resistance of mucosa to injury induced by noxious substances. Oxidative stress is a unifying mechanism of injury in many types of disease processes, including gastrointestinal diseases. It has been defined as an imbalance in the activity of pro and antioxidants. Pro-oxidants favour free radical formation while antioxidants inhibit or retard the same. A number of markers of oxidative stress have been identified. This review provides an overview of various mediators of inflammation and oxidative stress, and diverse approaches for prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal inflammation.

Differential susceptibility of a few members of the nasuta–albomicans complex of Drosophila to paraquat-induced lethality and oxidative stress

Genome ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 829-835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mysore S. Ranjini ◽  
Ravikumar Hosamani ◽  
Muralidhara ◽  
Nallur B. Ramachandra
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Differential Susceptibility ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
The Status ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

The evolution of karyotypically stabilized short-lived (SL) and long-lived (LL) cytoraces in the laboratory have been established and validated through our previous lifespan studies. In the present investigation, we examined the possible reason(s) for the differential longevity among selected members of SL and LL cytoraces, employing the well known paraquat (PQ) resistance bioassay. Exposure of these races to varying concentrations of PQ revealed relatively higher resistance among LL cytoraces than SL cytoraces, as evident by the lower incidence of mortality. Biochemical analysis for endogenous markers of oxidative stress revealed that LL-2 cytorace exhibited lower reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels, higher activity levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and coupled with higher levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) compared with the levels found in SL-2 cytorace. These findings suggest that the higher susceptibility of SL cytoraces to PQ challenge may be, at least in part, related to the higher endogenous levels of oxidative stress markers. Although the precise mechanisms responsible for the longer longevity among LL cytoraces of the nasuta–albomicans complex of Drosophila merits further investigation, our data suggest that the relatively longer lifespan may be related to the status of endogenous markers that renders them more resistant towards oxidative-stress-mediated lethality, as evident in the PQ assay.

Daphnetin Ameliorates Corticosterone-Induced Depressive-Like Behavior and Oxidative Stress in Mice Via Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor/Heme Oxygenase-1 Pathway

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 470-476
Author(s):  
Chao Liu ◽  
Chao Liang ◽  
Jie Huang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Sucrose Consumption ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽  
Swimming Test ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

We have investigated the effect of daphnetin on depressive-like behavior and oxidative stress caused by corticosterone in mice. To this end, we have analyzed the effect of corticosterone alone and combination of corticosterone and daphnetin on three behavioral indices of depressive-like behavior - sucrose consumption rate, forced swimming test, and tail suspension test as well as biochemical markers of oxidative stress - malondialdehyde, nitrite, protein carbonyl, nonprotein sulfhydryl and glutathione contents as well as hippocampal cell apoptosis. The results support the conclusion that daphnetin diminished corticosterone induced depressive like behavior and oxidative stress by activating Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.

246 Effects of Feeding Thermally Processed Spray-dried Egg Whites on Growth Performance, Apparent Digestibility, and Oxidative Stress in Nursery Pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 91-92
Author(s):  
Victoria C Wilson ◽  
Brian J Kerr
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Protein Carbonyls ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Thermally Processed ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Spray Dried

Abstract The objectives of this study were to determine if feeding thermally processed (TP, heated at 100°C for 120 h) spray-dried egg whites (SDEW) to nursery pigs would impact growth performance, apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of GE, N, and S, and oxidative stress. Thirty-two barrows, (initial BW 7.1 kg) were randomly assigned to dietary treatments with 1 pig per pen. In a preliminary study, thermally processing SDEW at 100°C for 120 h increased protein carbonyls (PC) from 6 µmol/g to 19.4 µmol/g (P ≤ 0.01). Diets included either 12% SDEW, 6% TP-SDEW plus 6% SDEW, or 12% TP-SDEW. The experiment lasted 24 d for collection of growth performance data, while plasma was collected on d 21 and liver tissue harvested on d 24 to analyze for markers of oxidative stress. Feces were collected on d 22 for measures of ATTD. Daily gain, daily feed intake, feed efficiency, and ATTD of GE were not found to be different among dietary treatments (P ≥ 0.57). In contrast, ATTD of N (P = 0.11) and S (P = 0.03) were found to increase with increasing protein oxidation in the diet. There was no change in the plasma or liver F2-isoprostanes and 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine among dietary treatments (P ≥ 0.28). An increase in plasma PC (P = 0.02) was observed in pigs fed 12% TP-SDEW compared to pigs fed 12% SDEW and pigs fed 6% TP-SDEW. In contrast, a decrease in liver tissue PC (P = 0.04) was observed in pigs fed 6% TP-SDEW compared to pigs fed 12% SDEW and 12% TP-SDEW. These results indicate that feeding TP-SDEW does not affect growth performance, ATTD of GE, and oxidative stress as indicated by F2-isoprostanes or 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine; but appeared to have variable effects on oxidative stress as measured by PC.

scholarly journals Effects of dietary fat modification on oxidative stress and inflammatory markers in the LIPGENE study

2010 ◽  
Vol 104 (9) ◽  
pp. 1357-1362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Petersson ◽  
Ulf Risérus ◽  
Jolene McMonagle ◽  
Hanne L. Gulseth ◽  
Audrey C. Tierney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Stress Indicator ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽  
Fat Diets ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Subjects with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) have enhanced oxidative stress and inflammation. Dietary fat quality has been proposed to be implicated in these conditions. We investigated the impact of four diets distinct in fat quantity and quality on 8-iso-PGF2α (a major F2-isoprostane and oxidative stress indicator), 15-keto-13,14-dihydro-PGF2α (15-keto-dihydro-PGF2α, a major PGF2α metabolite and marker of cyclooxygenase-mediated inflammation) and C-reactive protein (CRP). In a 12-week parallel multicentre dietary intervention study (LIPGENE), 417 volunteers with the MetS were randomly assigned to one of the four diets: two high-fat diets (38 % energy (%E)) rich in SFA or MUFA and two low-fat high-complex carbohydrate diets (28 %E) with (LFHCC n-3) or without (LFHCC) 1·24 g/d of very long chain n-3 fatty acid supplementation. Urinary levels of 8-iso-PGF2α and 15-keto-dihydro-PGF2α were determined by RIA and adjusted for urinary creatinine levels. Serum concentration of CRP was measured by ELISA. Neither concentrations of 8-iso-PGF2α and 15-keto-dihydro-PGF2α nor those of CRP differed between diet groups at baseline (P>0·07) or at the end of the study (P>0·44). Also, no differences in changes of the markers were observed between the diet groups (8-iso-PGF2α, P = 0·83; 15-keto-dihydro-PGF2α, P = 0·45; and CRP, P = 0·97). In conclusion, a 12-week dietary fat modification did not affect the investigated markers of oxidative stress and inflammation among subjects with the MetS in the LIPGENE study.

Preventive effect of carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) in dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis in rat

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (24) ◽  
pp. 19992-20000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaïs Rtibi ◽  
Mohamed-Amine Jabri ◽  
Slimen Selmi ◽  
Hichem Sebai ◽  
Jean-Claude Marie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Dextran Sulfate Sodium ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Ceratonia Siliqua ◽  
Preventive Effect ◽  
Ceratonia Siliqua L ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Inflammation and oxidative stress are a common mechanism of many gastrointestinal diseases such ulcerative colitis.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DENTAL CARIES AND OXIDATIVE STRESS AND ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Güzelçiçek ◽  
Mahmut Demir ◽  
Adnan Kirmit ◽  
MEHMET DOGAN
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Patient Group ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Background Dental caries can be affected or altered by the body’s oxidant / antioxidant balance and oxidative stress. Aim/Hypothesis To examine the relationship between dental caries and Total Oxidant Status (TOS), Total Antioxidant Status (TAS), and Oxidative Stress Index (OSI). Design The study group consisted of 52 children with dental caries (DMFS/dfs ≥ 5), and the control group consisted of 42 healthy children (DMFS/dfs = 0). The saliva samples, unstimulated and mid-morning, were collected from all children. Participants’ saliva samples were acquired by spitting for 5 minutes, after which the samples were frozen and stored at 4 ° C and kept at -80 ° C until analysis. NCSS (Number Cruncher Statistical System) 2007 (Kaysville, Utah, USA) was used for the statistical analysis. Results TOS of the patient group cases were statistically significantly higher than those of the control group (p=0,004; p<0,01). OSI values of the patient group cases were statistically significantly higher than those of the control group (p=0,008; p<0,01). Conclusion OSI and TOS as markers of oxidative stress levels were found to be significantly higher in the group of patients with dental caries than in the healthy group.

scholarly journals Correlation between the Activity of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase and Oxidative Stress Markers in the Saliva of Diabetic Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
Hina Younus ◽  
Sumbul Ahmad ◽  
Md. Fazle Alam
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Aldehyde Dehydrogenase ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Background: Reactive aldehydes are involved in diseases associated with oxidative stress, including diabetes. Human salivary aldehyde dehydrogenase (hsALDH) presumably protects us from many toxic ingredient/contaminant aldehydes present in food. Objective: This study aimed to probe the activity of hsALDH in patients with diabetes and than to correlate it with various oxidative stress markers in the saliva. Methods: The saliva samples were collected from total 161 diabetic patients from Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Diabetes, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College (JNMC), AMU, Aligarh, (India). HsALDH activity and markers of oxidative stress [8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHDG), malondialdehyde (MDA) and advanced glycation end products (AGEs)] were measured in the saliva samples. Results: Patients with early stage of diabetes had higher activity of hsALDH when compared with the control group. As the history of diabetes increases, the activity of the enzyme decreases and also higher oxidative stress markers (8-OHDG, MDA and AGEs) are detected in the saliva samples. Negative significant correlation between hsALDH activity and oxidative stress markers were observed (p <0.0001). Conclusion: The activity of hsALDH increases in early stages of diabetes most probably to counter the increased oxidative stress associated with diabetes. However, in later stages of diabetes, the activity of the enzyme decreases, possibly due to its inactivation resulting from glycation.

scholarly journals The Effect of Melatonin on Periodontitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 2390
Author(s):  
Barbora Konečná ◽  
Paulína Chobodová ◽  
Jakub Janko ◽  
Lenka Baňasová ◽  
Janka Bábíčková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Human Study ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Background: Periodontitis is a chronic disease with a complex etiology that includes bacterial colonization, excessive inflammation, and oxidative stress. The hormone melatonin has antioxidant properties and might contribute to alleviating chronic conditions by reducing oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of exogenous melatonin on periodontitis in an animal model of the disease as well as in patients with periodontitis. Methods: In rats with ligature-induced periodontitis, melatonin was administered in drinking water for two weeks. In the human study, patients with treatment-resistant periodontitis were asked to rinse their mouths with a solution containing melatonin or placebo every evening for two weeks. Periodontal status as well as salivary markers of oxidative stress were assessed at the end of the study. Results: Neither radiography nor μCT revealed any significant effects of melatonin on alveolar bone loss. Gum recession was the only improved macroscopic measure in rats (p < 0.05). Analysis of salivary markers of oxidative stress revealed no effects of treatment in rats or humans despite clearly elevated melatonin concentrations in melatonin treated groups. Conclusion: Our results do not support the use of melatonin for the treatment of periodontitis. However, the negative outcome is limited by the short duration of the study and the chosen route of application as well as the dose of melatonin.

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