scholarly journals Analysis of potyvirus terminal protein VPg-transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants.

2011 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Wojtal ◽  
Paulina Piontek ◽  
Renata Grzela ◽  
Artur Jarmołowski ◽  
Włodzimierz Zagórski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Transgenic Arabidopsis ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Transcriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
Transgenic Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Post Transcriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
Correct Sequence ◽  
Transgenic Seeds ◽  
Pathogen Derived Resistance

Virus-coded VPg protein of Potato virus Y (PVY) does not have homologs apart from other VPgs. Since VPg is indispensable for the potyvirus life cycle, it appeared a good candidate for eliciting pathogen-derived resistance to PVY. Following agroinfection used to obtain PVY VPg-transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants, only few transgenic seeds were recovered giving rise to six transgenic plants that contained the VPg gene with the correct sequence. They generated VPg mRNA, but VPg protein was not detected. Some plants were immune to PVY infection suggesting post-transcriptional gene silencing. However, the likely PVY VPg toxicity exerted at an early stage of transformed seeds development precludes its use for engineering pathogen-derived resistance.

scholarly journals Pathogen derived resistance to Potato virus Y: mechanisms and risks

1999 ◽  
Vol 8 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 493-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. MÄKI-VALKAMA ◽  
J.P.T VALKONEN
Keyword(s):  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Transcriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Post Transcriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
Expression Studies ◽  
Natural Protection ◽  
Pathogen Derived Resistance ◽  
Helper Component Proteinase

Since the concept of pathogen derived resistance (PDR) was proposed in 1985, genetic transformation of plants to express virus-derived sequences has been used to engineer resistance to many viruses. This paper reviews PDR approaches to Potato virus Y (PVY, type member of the genus Potyvirus). PDR to viruses operates often through RNA-mediated resistance mechanisms that do not require protein expression. Studies on the RNA-mediated resistance have led to the discovery of post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS), a mechanism that controls gene expression in eukaryotic cells and provides natural protection against virus infections. Viruses, in turn, can suppress the PTGS with some of their proteins, such as the helper component-proteinase protein of PVY. Expression of PVY proteins in transgenic plants entails a risk for heterologous encapsidation or synergism with viruses that infect the PVY-resistant transgenic plant. These risks are avoided using RNA-mediated resistance, but a risk still exists for recombination between the transgene transcript and the RNA genome of the infecting virus, which may create a virus with altered properties. The harmful consequences can be limited to some extent by removing functional motifs from the viral sequence used as a transgene.;

Physiological analysis of transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants expressing one nitrilase isoform in sense or antisense direction

1998 ◽  
Vol 153 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 446-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slobodanka Grsic ◽  
Sylvia Sauerteig ◽  
Klaus Neuhaus ◽  
Manuela Albrecht ◽  
John Rossiter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Transgenic Arabidopsis ◽  
Transgenic Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Physiological Analysis

scholarly journals An atypical class of non-coding small RNAs produced in rice leaves upon bacterial infection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganna Reshetnyak ◽  
Jonathan M. Jacobs ◽  
Florence Auguy ◽  
Coline Sciallano ◽  
Lisa Claude ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Small Rnas ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Kinase Domain ◽  
Transcriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
Small Interfering Rnas ◽  
Post Transcriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
Virulent Strains ◽  
Microbe Interactions

ABSTRACTNon-coding small RNAs (sRNA) act as mediators of gene silencing and regulate plant growth, development and stress responses. Early insights into plant sRNAs established a role in antiviral defense and they are now extensively studied across plant-microbe interactions. Here, sRNA sequencing discovered a class of sRNA in rice (Oryza sativa) specifically associated with foliar diseases caused by Xanthomonas oryzae bacteria. Xanthomonas-induced small RNAs (xisRNAs) loci were distinctively upregulated in response to diverse virulent strains at an early stage of infection producing a single duplex of 20-22nt sRNAs. xisRNAs production was dependent on the Type III secretion system, a major bacterial virulence factor for host colonization. xisRNA loci overlap with annotated transcripts sequences often encoding protein kinase domain proteins. A number of the corresponding rice cis-genes have documented functions in immune signaling and some xisRNA loci coincide with the coding sequence of a conserved kinase motif. xisRNAs exhibit features of small interfering RNAs and their biosynthesis depend on canonical components OsDCL1 and OsHEN1. xisRNA induction possibly mediates post-transcriptional gene silencing but they do not broadly suppress cis-genes expression on the basis of mRNA-seq data. Overall, our results identify a group of unusual sRNAs with a potential role in plant-microbe interactions.

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