scholarly journals Coffee Husk as Feldspar Substitute in the Manufacture of Enameled Ceramic Tile

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
Alejandra Sarabia-Guarín ◽  
Rosa Patricia Ramírez-Delgado ◽  
Jorge Sánchez-Molina
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Surface Quality ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Apparent Density ◽  
Ceramic Tile ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
Coffee Husk ◽  
Firing Shrinkage

This study researches the effect of adding coffee husk (CH) and coffee husk ash (CHA) as partial feldspar substitutes to the manufacture of enameled ceramic tiles. Clays and other paste additives were characterized using XRD and XRF. The designed prototypes were pressed, dried, and fired at 1,120 °C. The physical (drying and firing shrinkage, apparent density, water absorption) and mechanical (flexion resistance) properties were evaluated and compared with standard fired specimens. Although the physical and mechanical properties of the specimens with 5 and 10 % CH and CHA make them suitable for the manufacture of BIIb ceramic tiles, it was concluded that CH and CHA under the working conditions do not replace feldspar in the preparation of enameled ceramic tiles due to surface quality defects.

scholarly journals Effect of waste glass powder on physico-mechanical properties of ceramic tiles

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonjida Mustafi ◽  
Mainul Ahsan ◽  
A Hamid Dewan ◽  
Samina Ahmed ◽  
Nazia Khatun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Ceramic Tile ◽  
Glass Powder ◽  
Waste Glass ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
Waste Glass Powder ◽  
Firing Shrinkage

Key words: Ceramic tile; water absorption; bulk density; firing shrinkage; modulus of ruptureDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsr.v24i2.10775 Bangladesh J. Sci. Res. 24(2):169-180, 2011 (December) 

Limestone Waste Incorporation in Clayey Mass for Rustic Ceramic Tiles Manufacturing

2020 ◽  
Vol 1012 ◽  
pp. 221-226
Author(s):  
A.M.M. Santos ◽  
A.C.A. Prado ◽  
M.B.M. Matos ◽  
P.H.A. Feitosa ◽  
J.H.A. Feitosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Property ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Firing Temperature ◽  
Ceramic Tile ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Property Values ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
Roof Tile ◽  
Firing Shrinkage

In the south of Ceará (Brazil), Cariri region, there is a production center for roof tiles and bricks. At that same region, there has been an expressive mining of laminated limestone, known as Pedra Cariri (Cariri Stone), which has produced large amounts of CaCO3-rich waste, that causes undesirable impacts to the environment. This work aimed to analyze the feasibility of producing rustic ceramic tiles, made up of clayey masses used in the region with the addition of this waste, aiming at the diversification of red ceramic products in a sustainable way. The mixtures were pressed, fired in maximum firing temperature which varies from 750° to 1150oC and had their physical-mechanical characteristics tested. The results indicated that the clayey mass is composed of kaolinite, feldspar and quartz, while montmorillonite and/or vermiculite is only found in roof tile clayey mass. The waste is mainly made of calcite. In general, the values of water absorption were compatible with porous rustic ceramic tile and the addition of Pedra Cariri waste provided lower values of firing shrinkage as well as the increase of the flexural strength. The samples of roof tile clayey mass (10% of waste at 850°C and at 1150°C) obtained physical-mechanical property values that match Brazilian technical norms to BIII type ceramic tile. Therefore, the mixture formulated with tile clayey mass and limestone waste presents potential to be utilized in the manufacture of ceramic roof tiles.

scholarly journals Polymer tiles from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) wastes and fly ash: mechanical properties and durability

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 1139
Author(s):  
Taiwo O. Omosebi ◽  
Noor Faisal Abass
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Absorption Efficiency ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
Pet Waste ◽  
Environmental Emissions

Background: Plastic waste (PW) is becoming increasingly hazardous to the environment as a result of its massive production, causing significant damage to both the ecosystem and its inhabitants. Managing plastic waste is a global concern due to its non-biodegradable nature. However, it is important to handle PWs properly to curtail the environmental emissions associated with their incineration and dumping into landfills. This research investigates the possibility of producing tiles from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waste bottles and fly ash. The mechanical properties, as well as the chemical resistance of the manufactured PET polymer tiles, are reported in this study. Methods: PET waste was used in varying proportions (from 30% to 100%) by sand weight. The shredded PET waste was heated at 230 oC before being suitably blended with fly ash. It was then poured into the designated mold, removed after one hour, and cooled for 24 hours before testing. Results: The assessment of the physical and mechanical properties of the materials revealed that the tiles produced with 30% PET content performed better in terms of material density and strength compared to the samples with higher PET content. The highest compressive strength being 6.88 MPa. Based on the results of the tests, the produced PET tiles have a low water absorption efficiency of 80% lower when compare to cement and ceramic tiles (the water absorption values are between 0.98% and 0.09%). Conclusions: The results from this study indicate that PET waste bottles can be used to produce long-lasting, durable, and extremely low water absorption eco-friendly tiles for both residential and commercial applications. This prospect of tile production using polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waste and fly ash would not only minimize the cost of building products but will also act as a waste diversion to mitigate environmental emissions caused by plastic waste disposal.

Effect of ulexite concentrator waste on the physical and mechanical properties and sintering behaviour of floor tile bodies

Clay Minerals ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Köseoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Floor Tile ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Floor Tiles ◽  
Firing Shrinkage ◽  
Sintering Behaviour

AbstractThe effect of ulexite concentrator waste on the physical and mechanical properties and sintering behaviour of a standard floor tiles (FT) body fired at 1080°C was studied. The linear firing shrinkage, water absorption and fired bending strength of the floor tile/tiles were determined. X-ray diffraction analyses identified quartz, albite, mullite and hematite phases in the floor tiles containing 3 wt.% waste material. The FT body with the smallest water absorption (∼0.2%), the greatest bending strength (∼335 kgf/cm2) and the second greatest linear firing shrinkage values had optimal composition. In light of the excellent physical-mechanical properties and the results of the scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray analyses, the authors determined that the sintering temperature of the FT body containing 3 wt.% ulexite concentrator waste was reduced by 100°C.

The Use of Granite and Kaolin Residues as Raw Materials to Obtain Ceramic Tile

2006 ◽  
Vol 530-531 ◽  
pp. 432-437
Author(s):  
M.A.F. Ramalho ◽  
R.R. Almeida ◽  
Lisiane Navarro de Lima Santana ◽  
Hélio Lucena Lira ◽  
H.C. Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Apparent Density ◽  
Ceramic Tile ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
Roof Tile

Recycling of residues from different industrial process as new raw materials has been studied by several institutions to be applied in the production of ceramic bricks, roof tile. The aim of this work is to study the potentiality of the residues from granite and kaolin industries as raw materials to obtain ceramic tile. The raw materials were fired at temperatures of 1100oC, 1120oC and 1150oC. After fired the specimens were submitted to a physical and mechanical tests, such as, linear shrinkage, mechanical resistance, water absorption and apparent density. The results show that the residues can be used in the composition of the paste to produce ceramic tiles.

scholarly journals Effects of Different Types of Fibers on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of MICP-Treated Calcareous Sand

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 268
Author(s):  
Jitong Zhao ◽  
Huawei Tong ◽  
Yi Shan ◽  
Jie Yuan ◽  
Qiuwang Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polyester Fiber ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Fiber Types ◽  
Calcite Precipitation ◽  
Calcareous Sand ◽  
Hemp Fiber

Microbial-induced calcite precipitation (MICP) has been a promising method to improve geotechnical engineering properties through the precipitation of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) on the contact and surface of soil particles in recent years. In the present experiment, water absorption and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests were carried out to investigate the effects of three different fiber types (glass fiber, polyester fiber, and hemp fiber) on the physical and mechanical properties of MICP-treated calcareous sand. The fibers used were at 0%, 0.10%, 0.15%, 0.20%, 0.25%, 0.30%, 0.35%, and 0.40% relative to the weight of the sand. The results showed that the failure strain and ductility of the samples could be improved by adding fibers. Compared to biocemented sand (BS), the water absorption of these three fiber-reinforced biocemented sands were, respectively, decreased by 11.60%, 21.18%, and 7.29%. UCS was, respectively, increased by 24.20%, 60.76%, and 6.40%. Polyester fiber produced the best effect, followed by glass fiber and hemp fiber. The optimum contents of glass fiber and polyester fiber were 0.20% and 0.25%, respectively. The optimum content of hemp fiber was within the range of 0.20–0.25%. Light-emitting diode (LED) microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM) images lead to the conclusion that only a little calcite precipitation had occurred around the hemp fiber, leading to a poor bonding effect compared to the glass and polyester fibers. It was therefore suggested that polyester fiber should be used to improve the properties of biocemented sand.

Preparation of ZrO2 Composite Ceramics with High Thermal Shock Resistance

2012 ◽  
Vol 455-456 ◽  
pp. 650-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
He Yi Ge ◽  
Jian Ye Liu ◽  
Xian Qin Hou ◽  
Dong Zhi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Thermal Shock ◽  
Thermal Shock Resistance ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Composite Ceramics ◽  
Shock Resistance ◽  
Absorption Measurements

The physical and mechanical properties of nanometer ZrO2-ZrO2fiber composite ceramics were studied by introduction of ZrO2fiber. ZrO2composite ceramics at different sintering temperature was investigated by porosity and water absorption measurements, flexual strength and thermal shock resistance analysis. Results showed that ZrO2composite ceramics containing 15 wt% ZrO2fiber with sintering temperature of 1650°C exhibited good mechanical properties and thermal shock resistance. The porosity and the water absorption were 8.84% and 1.62%, respectively. The flexual strength was 975 MPa and the thermal shock times reached 31 times. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to analyze the microstructure of ZrO2composite ceramics.

An attempt to use „Tetra Pak” waste material in particleboard technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. 70-75
Author(s):  
Radosław Auriga ◽  
Piotr Borysiuk ◽  
Alicja Auriga
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Core Layer ◽  
Waste Material ◽  
Thickness Swelling ◽  
The Core ◽  
Tetra Pak ◽  
The Impact

An attempt to use „Tetra Pak” waste material in particleboard technology. The study investigates the effect of addition Tetra Pak waste material in the core layer on physical and mechanical properties of chipboard. Three-layer chipboards with a thickness of 16 mm and a density of 650 kg / m3 were manufactured. The share of Tetra Pak waste material in the boards was varied: 0%, 5%, 10% and 25%. The density profile was measured to determine the impact of Tetra Pak share on the density distribution. In addition, the manufactured boards were tested for strength (MOR, MOE, IB), thickness swelling and water absorption after immersion in water for 2 and 24 hours. The tests revealed that Tetra Pak share does not affect significantly the value of static bending strength and modulus of elasticity of the chipboard, but it significantly decreases IB. Also, it has been found that Tetra Pak insignificantly decreases the value of swelling and water absorption of the chipboards.

scholarly journals Effect of punching on physical and mechanical properties of leathers: Focus on car seat covers

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 155892501989056
Author(s):  
Eui Kyung Roh
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Apparent Density ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Dimensional Stability ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Car Seats ◽  
Car Seat

As a lot of time is spent in the car, the comfort of not only the car seat but also the car seat cover itself has become of increasing importance. With increasing use of ventilated seats, the control of the physical and mechanical properties of leather in response to punching has become of prime importance in the design of car seats. This study evaluated the changes in the physical and mechanical properties of leather due to punching and proposes optimum punching intervals for car seats. Sixteen types of leather, punched at three spatial intervals (2, 3, and 5 mm), were evaluated in terms of their apparent density, softness, coefficient of friction, warm-cool feeling, and mechanical properties. Leather punching affected its physical and mechanical properties. However, there were differences in punching intervals that significantly affected each property, including the mechanical properties. Depending on the performance required when developing a product, a suitable punching interval must be selected. Therefore, punching at 5 mm intervals is preferred for obtaining physical and mechanical properties similar to those of untreated leathers, and punching at 3 mm intervals is recommended for achieving more softness. On the contrary, punching at 2 mm intervals increases air permeability but decreases dimensional stability.

scholarly journals Thermal Action on Normal and High Strength Cement Mortars

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 6455
Author(s):  
Marianela Ripani ◽  
Hernán Xargay ◽  
Ignacio Iriarte ◽  
Kevin Bernardo ◽  
Antonio Caggiano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Action ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Strength Loss ◽  
Brittle Behavior ◽  
Cement Mortars ◽  
Water Absorption Test

High temperature effect on cement-based composites, such as concrete or mortars, represents one of the most important damaging process that may drastically affect the mechanical and durability characteristics of structures. In this paper, the results of an experimental campaign on cement mortars submitted to high temperatures are reported and discussed. Particularly, two mixtures (i.e., Normal (MNS) and High Strength Mortar (MHS)) having different water-to-binder ratios were designed and evaluated in order to investigate the incidence of both the mortar composition and the effects of thermal treatments on their physical and mechanical properties. Mortar specimens were thermally treated in an electrical furnace, being submitted to the action of temperatures ranging from 100 to 600 °C. After that and for each mortar quality and considered temperature, including the room temperature case of 20 °C, water absorption was measured by following a capillary water absorption test. Furthermore, uniaxial compression, splitting tensile and three-points bending tests were performed under residual conditions. A comparative analysis of the progressive damage caused by temperature on physical and mechanical properties of the considered mortars types is presented. On one hand, increasing temperatures produced increasing water absorption coefficients, evidencing the effect of thermal damages which may cause an increase in the mortars accessible porosity. However, under these circumstances, the internal porosity structure of lower w/b ratio mixtures results much more thermally-damaged than those of MNS. On the other hand, strengths suffered a progressive degradation due to temperature rises. While at low to medium temperatures, strength loss resulted similar for both mortar types, at higher temperature, MNS presented a relatively greater strength loss than that of MHS. The action of temperature also caused in all cases a decrease of Young’s Modulus and an increase in the strain corresponding to peak load. However, MHS showed a much more brittle behavior in comparison with that of MNS, for all temperature cases. Finally, the obtained results demonstrated that mortar quality cannot be neglected when the action of temperature is considered, being the final material performance dependent on the physical properties which, in turn, mainly depend on the mixture proportioning.

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