The European Union: Investments and corporate strategies in Latin America and the Caribbean

2001 ◽  
pp. 95-123
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Latin America ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Corporate Strategies ◽  
The Caribbean

scholarly journals Problemas socio-jurídicos en torno a la creación de un espacio común de educación superior en Latinoamérica y Caribe

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucía Puertas Bravo
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
European Union ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Educación Superior ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Legal Problem ◽  
Educacion Superior ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
America Latina

En el presente artículo, se exponen los «problemas o amenazas» para la creación de un Espacio Común de Educación Superior en Latinoamérica y el Caribe, que proviene de la experiencia de la Unión Europea, la Convención de Bolonia y de iniciativas de creación de espacios comunes propuestos por algunas organizaciones en América Latina. Los problemas jurídicos que se analizan parten del hecho de que en nuestro Continente no existe una organización con la misma capacidad de unificación legal de la Unión Europea. Por tanto, la incorporación de un espacio común de educación superior en América Latina y el Caribe, a través de la suscripción de un convenio entre estados, requiere conocer la normativa interna y el proceso para el reconocimiento de las normas internacionales en las constituciones de cada país (primer problema legal). Por otra parte se identifica que no existe libertad de circulación y/o movilidad en nuestra Región, debido a políticas y leyes migratorias (segundo problema legal). Finalmente se considera la situación social de nuestros países como una tercera limitación, dada la heterogeneidad de los sistemas de educación superior y la escasa calidad de la enseñanza y sus instituciones en algunos casos.This article describes the «problems or threats» for the creation of a Common Space for Higher Education in Latin America and the Caribbean, which comes from the experience of the European Union, the Convention of Bologna, and building initiatives common spaces proposed by some organizations in Latin America. The legal issues are discussed based on the fact that in our continent there is no organization with the same capacity of legal unification of the European Union. Therefore, the incorporation of a common area of higher education in Latin America and the Caribbean, through the signing of an agreement between states, requires knowledge of the internal rules and the process for international recognition in the constitutions of each country (the first legal problem). On the other hand is identified that there is no freedom of movement and / or mobility in our region, due to migration laws and policies (second legal problem). Finally we consider the social situation of our countries as a third limitation, given the heterogeneity of the systems of higher education and the poor quality of education and its institutions in some cases.

scholarly journals Global Journey to Post-Pandemic Normalcy and Revival

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (Spring/Summer) ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Andrzej Sankowski
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The World ◽  
The Caribbean

After a year of COVID-19, countries, societies, and individuals are longing for normalcy and beginning to consider what life will be like post-pandemic. Efforts and experiences of countries in the European Union, Asia, Asia-Pacific, Australia, Africa, Latin America, the Caribbean, and the United States are examined as they face challenges to end the pandemic and prepare for the post-pandemic reality. What will be the post-pandemic "new normalcy"? What changes caused by the pandemic are permanent in societies and the world? What are the necessary reforms that have to take place as part of normalcy? Reflections on the impacts of vaccinations, herd immunity, societal improvements and reorganizations, trends, and actions in the post-COVID-19 world are discussed.

scholarly journals BIREGIONAL COOPERATION FOR ADVANCING GAMIFICATION IN TRANSPORT POLICIES AND INFRASTRUCTURE IN THE EUROPEAN UNION AND LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioana Antoaneta DODI
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Energy Transport ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Heads Of State

The globalization process is constantly growing and actors in the international scene have to find ways to adapt to the changes that this makeover involves. Therefore, there has been an increased cooperation between the European Union and Latin America and the Caribbean in many policy areas, including transport, especially in terms of access, affordability and sustainability. The Vienna Declaration of the Fourth ALC-UE Summit of Heads of State and Government from 2006 mentions the encouragement towards European and Latin American and Caribbean financial institutions to support physical integration by means of interconnectivity, network infrastructures, notably in the fields of energy, transport, telecommunications and research. The Lima Declaration of the Fifth ALC-UE Summit of Heads of State and Government from 2008 moves a step forward and comprises the fact that the states from the two regions will develop bi-regional energy cooperation regarding improvement of energy services, inter alia, in the metropolitan public transport. Moreover, the Madrid Declaration of the Sixth ALC-UE Summit of Heads of State and Government from 2010 refers to energy savings in all sectors of the economies, including transports, meanwhile the Santiago Declaration of the First UE-CELAC Summit of Heads of State and Government from 2013 prioritises the improvement of policies and providing, among others, adequately resourced basic health services, water and sanitation, housing, education, public transport and energy, besides strengthening the Latin America Investment Facility, to improve integration, energy and transport infrastructures, energy efficiency, renewable energy. Therefore, this paper aims to analyse best practice cases from both regions in terms of gamification of transport policies and infrastructure, in order to highlight the the potential of the biregional consolidated cooperation for advancing gamification (in view of modern, sustainable, affordable, efficient transport policies, networks and infrastructure), the financial and political instruments that can be used in this sense and the mutual benefits that it would bring for the participant actors.

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