Author(s):  
Gunvor Simonsen

From the 1670s to 1917, Denmark (until 1814 Denmark–Norway) maintained colonies in the eastern Caribbean. The island of St. Thomas was colonized in 1672, St. John in 1718, and St. Croix was bought from the French in 1733. Racial slavery soon came to dominate the Danish islands and was only abolished in 1848. Most people arrived to the islands as captive Africans, while most Europeans were of either Dutch or British origin. In 1917, the islands, constituting the Danish West Indies, were sold to the United States of America and became the US Virgin Islands. As part of the centennial of 2017, commemorating the transfer of the Virgin Islands to the United States of America, major Danish cultural institutions, such as the National Archives, the Royal Library, and the National Museum, digitized large collections concerning Danish activities and Danish rule in the Caribbean, including the archive of the Danish West India and Guinea Company, the archives of local government agencies in the Caribbean, large collections of photos, drawings, and maps, as well as a significant part of the written works concerning the Danish West Indies published prior to 1917. In combination with older digital platforms, new online resources facilitate the triangulation of many different kinds of evidence, which in turn promises to generate fascinating new histories of the people who lived in the US Virgin Islands while they were under Danish rule.


Author(s):  
Paul Schor

This chapter discusses the imposition of the US system of racial classification in the US Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico, and Hawaii. The original use in certain US territories of a “mixed” racial category highlights the national norm that made mulattoes into “lighter-skinned” blacks. In the various territories acquired by the United States after 1898, a rigid imposition of the categories of the US census was difficult because they were the product of a national history that had not been shared. Whether in the US Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico, or Hawaii the perception of what made a person black, white, or mulatto was very different from North American usage, showing that binary black and white mainland tradition was not working there.


2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 242-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine E. Wirt ◽  
Pamela Hallock ◽  
David Palandro ◽  
Kathleen Semon Lunz

Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Pseudocercospora purpurea (Cooke) Deighton. Fungi: Ascomycota: Capnodiales. Hosts: avocado (Persea americana). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Asia (India, Sikkim, Japan, Philippines), Africa (Cameroon, Congo Democratic Republic, Cote d'Ivoire, Guinea, Kenya, South Africa), North America (Mexico, USA, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi), Central America and Caribbean (Bermuda, Dominica, El Salvador, Honduras, Jamaica, Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico, Trinidad and Tobago, United States Virgin Islands), South America (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Sao Paulo, Chile, Guyana, Peru, Venezuela), Oceania (Palau [Belau]).


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