Round-table discussions on progress made in the implementation by member states of the political declaration and plan of action on international cooperation towards an integrated and balanced strategy to counter the world drug problem

This paper deals with three different perspectives appeared in foreign visitors’ records on Korea in 1900s. Jack London was a writer who wrote novels highly critical of American society based on progressivism. However, when his progressive perspective was adopted to report the political situation of Korea in 1904, he revealed a typical perspective of orientalism. He regarded Korea and ways of living in Korea as disgusting and ‘uncivilized.’Compared with Jack London’s perspective, French poet Georges Ducrocq’s book was rather favorable. He visited Korea in 1901 and he showed affectionate attitude toward Korea and its people. However, his travel report, Pauvre et Douce Coree, can be defined as representing aesthetic orientalism. He tried to make all the ‘Korean things’ seem beautiful and nice, but it is true that this kind of view can also conceal something concrete and specific. This perspective at once beautifies Korea and also conceals the reality about Korea.E. Burton Holmes was a traveler and he often used his ‘motion-picture’ machine to record things he witnessed while travelling around worldwide countries. So, his report (travelogue) and motion picture film on Korea written and made in 1901 was based on close observation and rather objective point of view. Nonetheless, he couldn’t avoid the perspective of the colonizer’s model of the world, in other words, geographical diffusionism of western culture.

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6 Successes, Problems, and Potential

The European Court of Human Rights ◽

10.1093/law/9780198849643.003.0006 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Nussberger Angelika

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

Political Context ◽

The Political ◽

Direct Impact ◽

Member States ◽

European Court ◽

Military Conflicts ◽

The World ◽

Bona Fide ◽

Political Success

This concluding chapter explores how far the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) and the Commission have influenced politics in the forty-seven Member States, created common standards in Europe, and set a model for other parts of the world. The assessment of political success or failure of the Convention model will depend on the expectancies. Undoubtedly, the Court’s jurisprudence reflects the new political tensions and provides answers. Three factors, however, cannot but reduce the direct impact of the Court’s advocacy for ‘bona fide democracy’. First, the Court can only decide on cases brought before it. Second, the Court can only play a subsidiary role. Third, the whole Convention system is dependent on the good will of the Member States. If they do not execute politically important judgments that do not ‘please’ them, the Court's means in forcing them are rather restricted. Despite all these difficulties, whenever it could and within the framework provided by the Convention, the Court has identified the relevant violations and assessed them within the political context. Ultimately, the Court is a ‘European’ court and can speak only for its European Member States. Nevertheless, its voice is not only heard in Europe, but also beyond its borders. This is especially true when the challenges it has to deal with are universal, such as terrorism, migration, and military conflicts.

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The Responsibility of the Press in a Democracy

American Political Science Review ◽

10.2307/1947945 ◽

1936 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 681-691 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

George Fort Milton

Keyword(s):

Fast Moving ◽

Round Table ◽

Alexander Pope ◽

The Press ◽

The World ◽

Made In

It gave me real pleasure to accept your committee's invitation to address you. As a lay member of your Association, for years I have longed for opportunity to witness the rites of your priesthood. I have taken part in some of your round-table conferences of professors and politicians. The effort made in this series to crossfertilize the knowledge of the world of research and the experience of the world of action is admirable in conception and stimulating in results. The members of this Association, by their life devotion, give indorsement to the statement of Alexander Pope that the proper study of mankind is man. And surely it is a necessary study, one all the more essential in such a fast-moving world as that we know today.Man is a timid, staring creature. He moves through life in a mist of ignorance and fear. In thinking about his problems and his perils, I am reminded of something that Henry St. John, Lord Bolingbroke, wrote in his Letters on the Study of History: “We are not only passengers or sojourners in this world, but we are absolute strangers at the first steps we make in it. Our guides are often ignorant, often unfaithful … In our journey through it, we are beset on every side. We are besieged sometimes even in our strongest holds.

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Inter Allied Reparation Agency

International Organization ◽

10.1017/s0020818300019950 ◽

1948 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 396-397

Keyword(s):

The Political ◽

Member States ◽

Economic Future ◽

Made In

Work of the Agency in 1947: By January 1948 some progress had been made in carrying out a reparation program for the 18 signatory governments, but disagreement over the political and economic future of Germany impeded the reparation plan as foreseen at Potsdam and reparation assets made available to the Inter Allied Reparation Agency for allocation had been few in number. Between January 1 and December 31, 1947 the Assembly of IARA approved the allocation of equipment from plants of a total value of 132 million Reichsmarks. Since the establishment of the Agency the cumulative total of plants or part plants made available was 261, of which equipment from 197 had been allocated to member governments. More progress was reported in the distribution of the German merchant fleet; by the end of 1946 most of the usable shipping had already been allocated and agreement was made regarding the remainder during the first half of 1947. This meant that 274 ships were distributed and the remaining vessels, suitable only for scrapping, were distributed to the highest bidders among member states.

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Preface to Thucydides: Rereading the Corcyrean Conflict (1.24-55)

Classical Antiquity ◽

10.2307/25011094 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 94-131 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

James V. Morrison

Keyword(s):

Fifth Century ◽

First Episode ◽

The Political ◽

Political Arena ◽

Multiple Perspective ◽

Face To Face ◽

Greek Culture ◽

The World ◽

First Time ◽

Made In

Thucydides uses the first extended episode in the History, the Corcyrean conflict (1.24-55), to present the world of political discourse, deliberation, and battle. This episode is programmatic for a number of reasons: it is the first episode with a pair of speeches; Thucydides ties this episode directly to the outbreak of the war; certain questions, such as morality's relevance to foreign policy, are introduced here for the first time; and, most importantly, it is here that Thucydides establishes what the reader's role is to be throughout the work. This paper argues that, for all the significance of Thucydides' Archaeology and Statement of Method (1.2-23), the "participatory" dimension of the History begins with the Corcyrean conflict. It is only with the introduction of speeches that the reader must address the ways in which speech and narrative confirm and undermine each other, as the historian's voice now alternates and competes with that of his characters in speech. From an authorial perspective we find that various techniques Thucydides employs-multiple perspective, authorial reticence, and episodic presentation-are used to recreate the political arena of fifth-century Greece. The various facets of the reader's extensive labor may be clustered under the heading of extrapolation and conjecture (best captured by the Greek term eikazein), as the reader must endeavor to see events from the perspective of the participants, evaluate claims made in speeches, experience battle vicariously, and consider events-which are past from the reader's perspective-as future in terms of the subsequent narrative. Analogous to what Plato did for philosophy, Thucydides has produced an interactive, open-ended, and participatory type of literature by appealing to the reader's involvement and by bringing written literature as close as possible to the live, extemporaneous, face-to-face debate of oral Greek culture.

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Nature of International Organizations and Purpose of Their Immunity

10.1093/oso/9780190611231.003.0006 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Edward Chukwuemeke Okeke

Keyword(s):

International Relations ◽

International Cooperation ◽

International Organizations ◽

Legal Process ◽

Member States ◽

World Community ◽

Vital Functions ◽

The World

This chapter addresses the nature of international organizations and the purpose of their immunity. International organizations are created by their constituent member States to discharge vital functions and responsibilities on their behalf, and in some cases on behalf of the world community as a whole. They are established to offer cooperative and concerted approaches to common challenges and some problems that have the best chance of being solved through multilateral actions. Although States remain the primary actors in international relations, international organizations have joined the arena to provide the platform that enables different States to work together. International cooperation by States has become a necessity. To achieve their objectives, international organizations are granted certain privileges and immunities by their member States: in particular, jurisdictional immunity, which protects them from legal process. It is well settled that international organizations require those immunities that are necessary for them to fulfill their functions.

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