scholarly journals Trends and correlates of tobacco use, smoking cessation and support for tobacco control policies in the European Union

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement) ◽  
Author(s):  
Filippos Filippidis
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Control Policies ◽  
Tobacco Control Policies

Relation between tobacco control policies and population at high risk of lung cancer in the European Union

2019 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 108594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrián González-Marrón ◽  
Juan Carlos Martín-Sánchez ◽  
Queralt Miró ◽  
Nuria Matilla-Santander ◽  
Àurea Cartanyà-Hueso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
European Union ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Control Policies ◽  
Tobacco Control Policies

Prevalence of second-hand tobacco smoke in relation to smoke-free legislation in the European Union

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Schiavone ◽  
C Anderson ◽  
U Mons ◽  
V Winkler
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
European Union ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Second Hand Smoke ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Control Policies ◽  
Tobacco Control Policies ◽  
Shs Exposure

Abstract Background Second-hand smoke (SHS) is still an important public health problem. With joining the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), all parties acknowledged the health risks of SHS and agreed to implement policies to protect their populations from SHS in public places. The aim of this study was to explore the SHS exposure in restaurants and bars as well as its associations with smoke-free legislation in the European Union. Methods Data of Eurobarometer surveys 2014 and 2017 were used to estimate prevalence of SHS exposure. We also extracted data on individual confounders such as smoking status, gender, sex, age and information on social economic status. Additionally, we collected data on country specific data on smoking regulations in restaurants and bars from the Tobacco Control Scale to analyse associations with SHS exposure using multilevel logistic regression. Smoking regulations were categorized into the following three categories: partial ban, comprehensive ban with minor exceptions, and complete ban. Results Preliminary results on the prevalence of SHS in restaurants showed a decrease from 11.8% (95% confidence intervals (CI) 11.2-12.5) in 2014 to 8.8% (95% CI 8.3-9.3) in 2017. The crude multilevel model controlling only for smoking prevalence resulted in an odds ratio of 0.39 (95% CI 0.19-0.77) for comprehensive ban with minor exceptions and 0.28 (95% CI 0.16-0.50) for complete ban versus partial ban. Odds ratios remained at significant levels when controlling for all available confounders. Conclusions Between 2014 and 2017, SHS exposure in restaurants decreased significantly. Furthermore, strong associations with smoking regulations were observed suggesting a high compliance. Many tobacco control policies have been introduced during the last years but several countries need to strengthen their smoke-free tobacco control policies to further reduce SHS exposure preventing death, disease and disability. Key messages SHS exposure remains a significant public health challenge. The implementation of effective measures could be strengthened through a convergence of tobacco control strategies and policies among European Union member states.

scholarly journals Older African American Homeless-Experienced Smokers’ Attitudes Toward Tobacco Control Policies—Results from the HOPE HOME Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 381-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Vijayaraghavan ◽  
Pamela Olsen ◽  
John Weeks ◽  
Karma McKelvey ◽  
Claudia Ponath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
African American ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Control Policies ◽  
Tobacco Control Policies ◽  
Harmful Effects ◽  
Current Tobacco

Purpose: To examine attitudes toward tobacco control policies among older African American homeless-experienced smokers. Approach: A qualitative study. Setting: Oakland, California. Participants: Twenty-two African American older homeless-experienced smokers who were part of a longitudinal study on health and health-related outcomes (Health Outcomes of People Experiencing Homelessness in Older Middle Age Study). Method: We conducted in-depth, semistructured interviews with each participant to explore beliefs and attitudes toward tobacco use and cessation, barriers to smoking cessation, and attitudes toward current tobacco control strategies including raising cigarette prices, smoke-free policies, and graphic warning labels. We used a grounded theory approach to analyze the transcripts. Results: Community social norms supportive of cigarette smoking and co-use of tobacco with other illicit substances were strong motivators of initiation and maintenance of tobacco use. Self-reported barriers to cessation included nicotine dependence, the experience of being homeless, fatalistic attitudes toward smoking cessation, substance use, and exposure to tobacco industry marketing. While participants were cognizant of current tobacco control policies and interventions for cessation, they felt that they were not specific enough for African Americans experiencing homelessness. Participants expressed strong support for strategies that de-normalized tobacco use and advertised the harmful effects of tobacco. Conclusion: Older African American homeless-experienced smokers face significant barriers to smoking cessation. Interventions that advertise the harmful effects of tobacco may be effective in stimulating smoking cessation among this population.

scholarly journals Are smokers “hardening” or rather “softening”? An ecological and multilevel analysis across 28 European Union countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 1900596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariadna Feliu ◽  
Esteve Fernandez ◽  
Cristina Martinez ◽  
Filippos T. Filippidis
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Smoking Prevalence ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Control Policies ◽  
Tobacco Control Policies ◽  
Hardcore Smokers ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Eu

BackgroundTobacco control policies can reduce smoking prevalence. These measures may be less effective where smoking prevalence has significantly declined, as the remaining smokers have “hardened”. Our aim was to empirically evaluate the “hardening hypothesis” at the population level in the European Union (EU) and explore factors associated with hardcore smoking.MethodsWe conducted two separate analyses in the EU using data on smoking from the Eurobarometer surveys (2009–2017, n=112 745). 1) A panel-data fixed-effects linear regression to investigate changes over time in the percentage of hardcore smokers in relation to standardised smoking prevalence at the country level. 2) A multilevel logistic regression analysis with hardcore (daily smokers, ≥15 cigarettes per day who have not attempted to quit in the last 12 months) or light (<5 cigarettes per day) smoking as the dependent variable and time as the main independent variable, controlling for individual and ecological variables.ResultsWe studied 29 010 current smokers (43.8% hardcore smokers and 14.7% light smokers). The prevalence of hardcore smoking among adult smokers increased by 0.55 (95% CI 0.14–0.96) percentage points per each additional percentage point in the overall smoking prevalence. The odds of being a hardcore smoker increased over time and were higher in middle-aged males and people with financial difficulties, while the odds of being a light smoker significantly declined among females.ConclusionThis study does not support the “hardening hypothesis” in the EU between 2009 and 2017, but suggests a softening of the smoking population. Existing tobacco control policies are likely to be suitable to further decrease smoking prevalence in Europe.

scholarly journals Associations of e-cigarette experimentation with support for tobacco control policies in the European Union, 2012-2014

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (March) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Anthony Laverty ◽  
Filippos Filippidis ◽  
Esteve Fernandez ◽  
Constantine Vardavas
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Control Policies ◽  
Tobacco Control Policies

Effect of nationwide tobacco control policies on smoking cessation in high and low educated groups in 18 European countries

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 248-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
M M Schaap ◽  
A E Kunst ◽  
M Leinsalu ◽  
E Regidor ◽  
O Ekholm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Control Policies ◽  
Tobacco Control Policies ◽  
Low Educated

Impact of nations meeting the MPOWER targets between 2014 and 2016: an update

2019 ◽  
pp. tobaccocontrol-2018-054837 ◽  
Author(s):  
David T Levy ◽  
Yameng Li ◽  
Zhe Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Health Warnings ◽  
Control Policies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Policy Effect ◽  
Tobacco Taxes ◽  
Tobacco Control Policies ◽  
Free Air

ObjectiveSince the WHO released the Monitoring tobacco use and tobacco control policies; Protecting from the dangers of tobacco smoke; Offering help to quit tobacco; Warning the public about the dangers; Enforcing bans on advertising, promotion and sponsorship; and Raising tobacco taxes (MPOWER) policy package to assist nations with implementing the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), 88 countries have adopted at least one MPOWER policy at the highest level as of 2014. Building on previous evaluations, we estimated the reduction in smoking-attributable deaths (SADs) from all policies newly adopted at the highest level between 2014 and 2016.MethodsFor each nation that implemented highest level policies, the difference in policy effect sizes from previously validated SimSmoke models for the policies in effect in 2014 and 2016 were multiplied by the number of smokers in that nation to derive the reduction in the number of smokers. Based on research that half of all smokers die from smoking, we derived SADs averted.FindingsIn total, 43 nations adopted at least one highest-level MPOWER policy between 2014 and 2016, resulting in 14.6 million fewer SADs. The largest number of SADs averted were due to stronger health warnings (13.3 million), followed by raising taxes (0.6 million), increased marketing bans (0.4 million), smoke-free air laws (0.3 million) and cessation interventions (2500).ConclusionThese findings demonstrate the continuing public health impact of tobacco control policies adopted globally since the FCTC, and highlight the importance of more countries adopting MPOWER policies at the highest level to reduce the global burden of tobacco use.

scholarly journals Characterizing smoking, cessation behaviours and attitudes toward tobacco control policies among smokers of menthol and flavored cigarettes: the EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Przewoźniak ◽  
Mateusz Zatoński ◽  
Aleksandra Herbeć ◽  
Witold Zatoński ◽  
Kinga Janik-Koncewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Control Policies ◽  
Tobacco Control Policies
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