scholarly journals Mothers’ prenatal tobacco smoke exposure is positively associated with the occurrence of developmental coordination disorder among children aged 3–6 years: A cross-sectional study in a rural area of Shanghai, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (March) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Yang* ◽  
Liqin Pan* ◽  
Cuili Shen* ◽  
Huilin Yao* ◽  
Qingqing Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Developmental Coordination Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Smoke Exposure ◽  
Tobacco Smoke Exposure ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Coordination Disorder

Measuring Tobacco Smoke Exposure Among Smoking and Nonsmoking Bar and Restaurant Workers

2007 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chizimuzo T. C. Okoli ◽  
Lynne A. Hall ◽  
Mary Kay Rayens ◽  
Ellen J. Hahn
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Hospitality Industry ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Smoke Exposure ◽  
Tobacco Smoke Exposure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hair Samples ◽  
Shs Exposure

Purpose: This study assesses the validity of hair nicotine as a biomarker for secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure. Although most biomarkers of tobacco-smoke exposure have a relatively short half-life, hair nicotine can measure several months of cumulative SHS exposure. Design: A cross-sectional study of hospitality-industry workers. Method: Hair samples were obtained from 207 bar and restaurant workers and analyzed by the reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (HPLC-ECD) method. Self-reported tobacco use and sources of SHS exposure were assessed. Findings: Higher hair-nicotine levels were associated with more cigarettes smoked per day among smokers and a greater number of SHS-exposure sources among nonsmokers. Number of SHS exposure sources, gender, number of cigarettes smoked per day, and type of establishment predicted hair-nicotine levels. Discussion: Hair nicotine is a valid measure of SHS exposure. It may be used as an alternative biomarker to measure longer term SHS exposure.

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