scholarly journals Simulation study of deep eutectic solvent-based biogas upgrading process integrated with single mixed refrigerant biomethane liquefaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1245-1255
Author(s):  
Junaid Haider ◽  
Muhammad Abdul Qyyum ◽  
Bilal Kazmi ◽  
Imran Ali ◽  
Abdul-Sattar Nizami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Simulation Study ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Integrated Process ◽  
Biogas Upgrading ◽  
Liquefaction Process

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) comprise ChCl/urea, in combination with water, have been considered in removing acid gases (CO2 and H2S) from biogas. The evaluation of DES for biogas upgrading at relatively high pressure (i.e., >8.0 bar) has not been reported before. The aqueous DES performance has also not been analyzed compared to conventional amines-based solvent (MEA) and ionic liquid (IL). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that presents the integration of DES-based biogas upgrading with a mixed refrigerant liquefaction process to facilitate the safe and economical transportation of biomethane over long distances. The biogas considered in this study consisted of 60% CH4, 39% CO2, and 1% H2S. The aqueous ChCl/urea (70 wt%) results in biomethane with ≥99.0 wt% purity and ≥97.0 wt% recovery. Then, this biomethane was liquefied with ≥90% liquefaction rate. Based on the results obtained herein, overall capital, operating, and total annualized cost savings of 2.8%, 25.82%, and 14.26% were achieved using the 70% DES-based integrated process in comparison with the MEA-based integrated process. Whereas 1.41%, 16.85%, and 8.71% capital, operating, and total annualized costs could be saved in comparison with the IL (i.e., [Bmim][PF6])-based integrated process. It could be deduced that the overall cost of the biomethane value chain can be reduced using the proposed approach.

Simulation study of biomethane liquefaction followed by biogas upgrading using an imidazolium-based cationic ionic liquid

2019 ◽  
Vol 231 ◽  
pp. 953-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junaid Haider ◽  
Muhammad Abdul Qyyum ◽  
Bilal Kazmi ◽  
Muhammad Zahoor ◽  
Moonyong Lee
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Simulation Study ◽  
Biogas Upgrading

scholarly journals Effective Extraction of Limonene and Hibaene from Hinoki (Chamaecyparis obtusa) Using Ionic Liquid and Deep Eutectic Solvent

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (14) ◽  
pp. 4271
Author(s):  
Rina Yasutomi ◽  
Riki Anzawa ◽  
Masamitsu Urakawa ◽  
Toyonobu Usuki
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Organic Solvent ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Chamaecyparis Obtusa ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Selected Ion Monitoring

The essential oils of hinoki (Chamaecyparis obtusa) leaves have anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, and relaxation properties that are likely associated with the major components such as sabinene, α-terpinyl acetate, limonene, elemol, myrcene, and hibaene. The present study describes the use of a cellulose-dissolving ionic liquid (IL) [C2mim][(MeO)(H)PO2] and low-toxicity solvents called betaine-based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) for the efficient extraction of hinoki essential oils. As a control method, organic solvent extraction was performed using either hexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), or acetone at 30 °C for 1 h. Both the experimental and control methods were conducted under the same conditions, which relied on partial dissolution of the leaves using the IL and DESs before partitioning the hinoki oils into the organic solvent for analysis. Quantitative analysis was performed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode. The results indicated that extraction using the [C2mim][(MeO)(H)PO2]/acetone bilayer system improved the yields of limonene and hibaene, 1.5- and 1.9-fold, respectively, when compared with the control method. In addition, extraction using betaine/l-lactic acid (molar ratio 1:1) gave the greatest yields for both limonene and hibaene, 1.3-fold and 1.5-fold greater, respectively, than when using an organic solvent. These results demonstrate the effective extraction of essential oils from plant leaves under conditions milder than those needed for the conventional method. The less toxic and environmentally begin DESs for the extraction are also applicable to the food and cosmetic industries.

scholarly journals The Role of Charge Transfer in the Formation of Type I Deep Eutectic Solvent-Analogous Ionic Liquid Mixtures

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (20) ◽  
pp. 3687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinis O. Abranches ◽  
Nicolas Schaeffer ◽  
Liliana P. Silva ◽  
Mónia A. R. Martins ◽  
Simão P. Pinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Liquid Mixtures ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Melting Point Depression ◽  
Type I ◽  
Chloride Complexes ◽  
Charge Delocalization ◽  
Solid Liquid

It was recently shown that tetramethylammonium chloride presented negative deviations to ideality when mixed with tetraethylammonium chloride or tetrapropylammonium chloride, leading to a strong decrease of the melting points of these salt mixtures, in a behavior akin to that observed in the formation of deep eutectic solvents. To better rationalize this unexpected melting point depression between two structurally similar compounds devoid of dominant hydrogen bonding capability, new solid–liquid equilibria data for tetramethylammonium-based systems were measured and analyzed in this work. Molecular dynamics was used to show that the strong negative deviations from ideality presented by these systems arise from a synergetic share of the chloride ions. A transfer of chloride ions seems to occur from the bigger cation in the mixture (which possesses a more disperse charge) to the smaller cation (tetramethylammonium), resembling the formation of metal–chloride complexes in type I deep eutectic solvents. This rearrangement of the charged species leads to an energetic stabilization of both components in the mixture, inducing the negative deviations to the ideality observed. The conclusions presented herein emphasize the often-neglected contribution of charge delocalization in deep eutectic solvents formation and its applicability toward the design of new ionic liquid mixtures.

Biogas upgrading through blends of deep eutectic solvents and monoethanol amine: 4 E analysis (energy, exergy, environmental, and economic)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junaid Haider ◽  
Bilal Kazmi ◽  
Ahmad Naquash ◽  
Muhammad Abdul Qyyum ◽  
Imran Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Process Design ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Biogas Upgrading ◽  
Monoethanol Amine

Blends of monoethanol amine (MEA) with an aqueous deep eutectic solvent (DES), with MEA present in various proportions of 5, 10, and 15 wt%, are used in process design for biogas upgrading.

scholarly journals Continuous Integrated Process of Biodiesel Production and Purification—The End of the Conventional Two-Stage Batch Process?

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 403
Author(s):  
Matea Bačić ◽  
Anabela Ljubić ◽  
Martin Gojun ◽  
Anita Šalić ◽  
Ana Jurinjak Tušek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Integrated Process ◽  
Free Glycerol ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Glycerol Content

In this research, optimization of the integrated biodiesel production process composed of transesterification of edible sunflower oil, catalyzed by commercial lipase, with simultaneous extraction of glycerol from the reaction mixture was performed. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were used in this integrated process as the reaction and extraction media. For two systems, choline chloride:glycerol (ChCl:Gly) and choline chloride:ethylene glycol (ChCl:EG), respectively, the optimal water content, mass ratio of the phase containing the mixture of reactants (oil and methanol) with an enzyme and a DES phase (mass ratio of phases), and the molar ratio of deep eutectic solvent constituents were determined using response surface methodology (RSM). Experiments performed with ChCl:Gly resulted in a higher biodiesel yield and higher glycerol extraction efficiency, namely, a mass ratio of phases of 1:1, a mass fraction of water of 6.6%, and a molar ratio of the ChCl:Gly of 1:3.5 were determined to be the optimal process conditions. When the reaction was performed in a batch reactor under the optimal conditions, the process resulted in a 43.54 ± 0.2% yield and 99.54 ± 0.19% glycerol extraction efficiency (t = 2 h). Unfortunately, the free glycerol content was higher than the one defined by international standards (wG > 0.02%); therefore, the process was performed in a microsystem to enhance the mass transfer. Gaining the same yield and free glycerol content below the standards (wG = 0.0019 ± 0.003%), the microsystem proved to be a good direction for future process optimization.

Enzymes-Catalyzed Knoevenagel Condensation Promoted by Ionic Liquid and Deep Eutectic Solvent

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Wang ◽  
Hong Cheng ◽  
Jia-Rui He ◽  
Qiao-Xia Yao ◽  
Li-Ling Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Knoevenagel Condensation ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent
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