Effective Catalytic Method of Diamantane Isomer Synthesis

<p>General principles of effect of the nature of metal-catalyst, carrier, solvent, method of preparation and temperature of catalyst reduction and other parameters (P_H2, T, etc) on the process of hydrogenolysis of “binor-S” into pentacyclotetradecane have been studied and stated. On the basis of the results obtained a new effective and economical method of diamantane isomer synthesis has been elaborated. The presence of supported platinum catalyst (10-15% Pt/C) allows to proceed the reaction under mild conditions (0.1-10 MPa, 60-80 °C and in non-aggressive medium (water) with a quantitative yield of the product. It was stated with the help of a complex of physico-chemical methods of investigation (RPES, IR-spectroscopy, NMR, ¹³C, PMR, etc) that the methods of preparation and the temperature range of reduction of supported platinum catalysts contributing to the formation of highly dispersed metal particles (2.5-5.0 mm) and their uniform distribution on the carrier surface increase the activity and selectivity of platinum in the reaction of hydrogenolysis of “binor-S” into pentacyclotetradecane. It was shown that the more is the dispersity of metal and the value of the carrier surface, the higher is the activity and selectivity of supported platinum catalysts due to the peculiarity of electronic structure of small particles as well as the influence of the carrier on stabilization of the metal surface structure, <em>i.e. </em>the process of hydrogenolysis of “binor-S” belongs to the type of structure-sensitive reactions.</p>