scholarly journals An attempt to use the 137Cs mass balance model for assessment of recent deposition rates in Lake Qinghai, China

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 827-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZHANG Xinbao ◽  
◽  
ZENG Yi ◽  
LONG Yi
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Mass Balance Model ◽  
Lake Qinghai ◽  
Deposition Rates ◽  
Recent Deposition

Estimate of soil erosion on cultivated soils using 137Cs measurements and calibration models: A case study from Nakhla watershed, Morocco

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Hassouni ◽  
S. Bouhlassa
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Mass Balance ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Mass Balance Model ◽  
Erosion And Deposition ◽  
Deposition Rates ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
Soil Redistribution ◽  
Calibration Models ◽  
Soil Erosion Rates

Despite the seriousness of the erosion problem in the Nakhla watershed, there are still only limited data on the rates of soil loss on cultivated land on steep slopes. Thus, there is a need for more information for optimizing strategies for soil conservation. Recent concern over problems of soil degradation and the off-site impacts of accelerated erosion has highlighted the need for improved methods of estimating rates and patterns of soil erosion by water. In this paper, soil erosion and deposition rates have been studied using the 137Cs technique in upstream part in the Nakhla watershed on cultivated soils (Larbaa Beni Hassan area), which is known to suffer soil erosion. Multiple transect sampling was established parallel to the slope, and 137Cs inventories were determined for the sampling points. After establishing the local reference inventory (3073 Bq m-2), soil erosion and deposition rates were estimated using the 137Cs inventories on all the transects with three calibration models: proportional model (PM), mass balance model 1 (MBM1) and mass balance model 2 (MBM2). The magnitude of the soil erosion rates depends on many factors, including the location of sampling, the local topography, and the soil properties. Estimated soil erosion rates for the study area varied from 0.4 to 28.9 t ha-1 yr-1 using PM; from 0.5 to 66.9 t ha-1 yr-1 using MBM1; and from 0.4 to 56.4 t ha-1 yr-1 using MBM2. The deposition ranged, respectively, from 0.3 to 8.0 t ha-1 yr-1 for PM, from 0.4 to 14.5 t ha-1 yr-1 for MBM1, and from 0.3 to 11.5 t ha-1 yr-1 for MBM2. The sediment delivery ratio is about 98%. For one selected plot, L11, the erosion rates show a clear relationship with the range of slopes in its three different horizontal parts. Estimates of soil redistribution rates were interpolated by means of kriging, using Surfer 7.0 software. Two representative transects were selected to identify the contribution of tillage on 137Cs redistribution by using mass balance model 3. It is observed that the pattern of 137Cs redistribution is dominated by water erosion and that the contribution of tillage redistribution remain is smaller. Key words: 137Cs method, soil erosion, erosion rate, soil redistribution, conversion models

A mass-balance model to assess arsenic exposure from multiple wells in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linden B. Huhmann ◽  
Charles F. Harvey ◽  
Ana Navas-Acien ◽  
Joseph Graziano ◽  
Vesna Slavkovich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Mass Balance Model

Application of a snow cover energy and mass balance model in a balsam fir forest

1990 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 1079-1092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Barry ◽  
Marcel Prévost ◽  
Jean Stein ◽  
Andre P. Plamondon
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Snow Cover ◽  
Balsam Fir ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Mass Balance Model

scholarly journals Application of a mass-balance model to a Himalayan glacier

1999 ◽  
Vol 45 (151) ◽  
pp. 559-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rijan Bhakta Kayastha ◽  
Tetsuo Ohata ◽  
Yutaka Ageta
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Surface Albedo ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Mass Balance Model ◽  
Mass Balances ◽  
Climatic Parameters ◽  
Glacier Surface ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Ice Surface ◽  
Good Agreement

AbstractA mass-balance model based on the energy balance at the snow or ice surface is formulated, with particular attention paid to processes affecting absorption of radiation. The model is applied to a small glacier, Glacier AX010 in the Nepalese Himalaya, and tests of its mass-balance sensitivity to input and climatic parameters are carried out. Calculated and observed area-averaged mass balances of the glacier during summer 1978 (June-September) show good agreement, namely -0.44 and -0.46 m w.e., respectively.Results show the mass balance is strongly sensitive to snow or ice albedo, to the effects of screening by surrounding mountain walls, to areal variations in multiple reflection between clouds and the glacier surface, and to thin snow covers which alter the surface albedo. In tests of the sensitivity of the mass balance to seasonal values of climatic parameters, the mass balance is found to be strongly sensitive to summer air temperature and precipitation but only weakly sensitive to relative humidity.

scholarly journals Development of a Water and Enthalpy Budget-based Glacier mass balance Model (WEB-GM) and its preliminary validation

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 3146-3178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baohong Ding ◽  
Kun Yang ◽  
Wei Yang ◽  
Xiaobo He ◽  
Yingying Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Glacier Mass Balance ◽  
Mass Balance Model ◽  
Preliminary Validation
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