scholarly journals The use of nanoparticles and electrospun fibers for intravaginal delivery to treat viral and bacterial infections and electrophysiological measurements of synthetic chloride channels.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farnaz Minooei
Keyword(s):  
Chloride Channels ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Electrospun Fibers ◽  
Electrophysiological Measurements ◽  
Intravaginal Delivery

Electrospun Fibers for Controlled Release of Nanoparticle-Assisted Phage Therapy Treatment of Topical Wounds

MRS Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (50) ◽  
pp. 3019-3025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica M. Andriolo ◽  
Nathan J. Sutton ◽  
John P. Murphy ◽  
Lane G. Huston ◽  
Emily A. Kooistra-Manning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Phage Therapy ◽  
Electrospun Fibers ◽  
Burst Release ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Treatment Delivery ◽  
Bacterial Cultures ◽  
Blended Polymer ◽  
Therapy Treatment ◽  
Nanofiber Mesh

ABSTRACTBacterial cultures exposed to iron-doped apatite nanoparticles (IDANPs) prior to the introduction of antagonistic viruses experience up to 2.3 times the bacterial destruction observed in control cultures. Maximum antibacterial activity of these bacteria-specific viruses, or phage, occurs after bacterial cultures have been exposed to IDANPs for 1 hr prior to phage introduction, demonstrating that IDANP-assisted phage therapy would not be straight forward, but would instead require controlled time release of IDANPs and phage. These findings motivated the design of an electrospun nanofiber mesh treatment delivery system that allows burst release of IDANPs, followed by slow, consistent release of phage for treatment of topical bacterial infections. IDANPs resemble hydroxyapatite, a biocompatible mineral analogous to the inorganic constituent of mammalian bone, which has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for many biomedical purposes. The composite nanofiber mesh was designed for IDANP-assisted phage therapy treatment of topical wounds and consists of a superficial, rapid release layer of polyethylene oxide (PEO) fibers doped with IDANPs, followed by inner, coaxial polycaprolactone / polyethylene glycol (PCL/PEG) blended polymer fiber layer for slower phage delivery. Our investigations have established that IDANP-doped PEO fibers are effective vehicles for dissemination of IDANPs for bacterial exposure and resultant increased bacterial death by phage. In this work, slower delivery of the phage behind IDANPs was accomplished using coaxial, electrospun fibers composed of PCL/PEG polymer blend.

scholarly journals Electrospun antibacterial nanofibers for wound dressings and tissue medicinal fields: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (05) ◽  
pp. 2030012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhimei Wei ◽  
Liqun Wang ◽  
Shouyu Zhang ◽  
Tonghai Chen ◽  
Jie Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Electrospun Fibers ◽  
Chronic Infections ◽  
Antibacterial Material

Bacterial infections are a major cause of chronic infections. Thus, antibacterial material is an urgent need in clinics. Antibacterial nanofibers, with expansive surface area, enable efficient incorporation of antibacterial agents. Meanwhile, structure similar to the extracellular matrix can accelerate cell growth. Electrospinning, the most widely used technique to fabricate nanofiber, is often used in many biomedical applications including drug delivery, regenerative medicine, wound healing and so on. Thus, this review provides an overview of all recently published studies on the development of electrospun antibacterial nanofibers in wound dressings and tissue medicinal fields. This reviewer begins with a brief introduction of electrospinning process and then discusses electrospun fibers by incorporating various types of antimicrobial agents used as in wound dressings and tissue. Finally, we finish with conclusions and further perspectives on electrospun antibacterial nanofibers as 2D biomedicine materials.

Intrahepatic Retention of Bile in Severe Bacterial Infections

1964 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 590-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Fahrländer ◽  
F. Huber ◽  
F. Gloor
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections

Prevotella melaninogenica Meningitis and Abscess: A Complication of the Removal of a Midline Dermoid Cyst

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (03) ◽  
pp. 152-154
Author(s):  
Megan B. Garcia ◽  
Anjali N. Kunz
Keyword(s):  
Dermoid Cyst ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Sinus Tract ◽  
Neural Tube Closure ◽  
Intracranial Extension ◽  
Dermal Sinus ◽  
Oral Flora ◽  
Prevotella Melaninogenica ◽  
Dermal Sinus Tract

Abstract Prevotella species are gram-negative anaerobic commensal bacteria of the oropharynx, which frequently cause periodontal disease but are otherwise rarely implicated in serious bacterial infections. Cranial dermoid cysts are benign neoplasms that grow along the planes of the embryonic neural tube closure. In infants, they most commonly present in frontal locations, including periorbital, nasal, and within the anterior fontanelle. Although dermoid cysts are slow growing, usually uncomplicated, and easily treated definitively with surgical excision, cranial cysts located on the midline are associated with a higher risk for persistent dermal sinus tract with intracranial extension of the tumor. We describe a case of a 10-month-old male patient with an occipital midline dermoid cyst with intracranial extension, infected with Prevotella melaninogenica, and complicated by intracranial abscess formation and meningitis.This case highlights two unusual disease entities: the uncommon occipital location of a dermoid cyst, and complications of that cyst caused by a serious bacterial infection with a normal oral flora. We discuss the recommendation for neuroimaging prior to surgical excision of a midline dermoid cyst, given the risk for dermal sinus tract with intracranial communication. We also discuss potential mechanisms for bacterial inoculation of this cyst with Prevotella melaninogenica. This pathogen has not previously been reported as a complication of dermoid cysts.

Incidence of Aerobic Bacterial Infections in Hemodialysis Patients

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 151-154
Author(s):  
Dr. Jaya S Dr. Jaya S ◽  
◽  
Dr. Mariraj J Dr. Mariraj J ◽  
Dr. Krishna. S Dr. Krishna. S
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients
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