scholarly journals The lose-lose situation : identity prioritization and gendered communication in co-recreational intramural basketball.

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Gendered Communication

scholarly journals English colour terms carry gender and valence biases: A corpus study using word embeddings

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0251559
Author(s):  
Domicele Jonauskaite ◽  
Adam Sutton ◽  
Nello Cristianini ◽  
Christine Mohr
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Corpus Study ◽  
Written Texts ◽  
Gendered Communication ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Colour Preferences ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Colour Terms ◽  
Research Studies

In Western societies, the stereotype prevails that pink is for girls and blue is for boys. A third possible gendered colour is red. While liked by women, it represents power, stereotypically a masculine characteristic. Empirical studies confirmed such gendered connotations when testing colour-emotion associations or colour preferences in males and females. Furthermore, empirical studies demonstrated that pink is a positive colour, blue is mainly a positive colour, and red is both a positive and a negative colour. Here, we assessed if the same valence and gender connotations appear in widely available written texts (Wikipedia and newswire articles). Using a word embedding method (GloVe), we extracted gender and valence biases for blue, pink, and red, as well as for the remaining basic colour terms from a large English-language corpus containing six billion words. We found and confirmed that pink was biased towards femininity and positivity, and blue was biased towards positivity. We found no strong gender bias for blue, and no strong gender or valence biases for red. For the remaining colour terms, we only found that green, white, and brown were positively biased. Our finding on pink shows that writers of widely available English texts use this colour term to convey femininity. This gendered communication reinforces the notion that results from research studies find their analogue in real word phenomena. Other findings were either consistent or inconsistent with results from research studies. We argue that widely available written texts have biases on their own, because they have been filtered according to context, time, and what is appropriate to be reported.

Culturally Competent Care for Transgender Voice and Communication Intervention

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 457-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carey J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Culturally Competent ◽  
Culturally Competent Care ◽  
Care Community ◽  
Gendered Communication ◽  
Gender Affirmation ◽  
Significant Step ◽  
Therapy Model ◽  
High Degree

Purpose Despite constituting 4.5% of the population, the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer+ community is poorly understood by the health care community. Seventy percent of transgender individuals report discrimination in health care, and 51% of speech-language pathologists do not know clinical techniques for transgender clients. This community is particularly obscured by its high degree of diversity, which can be confusing for clinicians who are unfamiliar with the nuances of the culture or unprepared to adapt to a gender-affirming therapy model. Method Methods focus on gender affirmation and community trust building. Specific targets included exploring self-expression through reflection, metatherapy, and observation of self and others in regard to various communication strategies. Clients were provided opportunities to practice and experience a gradient of degrees of gendered communication to make the experience affirming to their gender identity. Results Results were reflected in two case studies, Kasi, a transfeminine client, and RJ, a transmasculine client. Kasi began therapy as directionless, abrasive, and conflicted about their voice and transition goals. They concluded therapy focused, motivated to communicate more clearly, and achieving technical targets that were unexpected given starting points. Kasi made this progress in collaboration with the resilient focus of the clinical team on their validity and affirmation. RJ began therapy highly distrustful of therapy but unable to pursue hormone replacement therapy for pitch lowering. Their goal was to achieve voice modification through therapy. RJ finished their treatment consistently gendered as male on the phone and in public, with 130 Hz without testosterone. Conclusions Voice therapy is a vital health safety service for transgender clients, and increasing access to culturally competent care should be a concern for all speech pathologists. Building trust and empathy with this community will be a significant step in breaking down gatekeeping practices in the field and in the larger medical practice.

Language as Social Institution

2010 ◽  
pp. 119-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Social System ◽  
Social Rank ◽  
Social Institution ◽  
Communication Style ◽  
Social Expectations ◽  
Symbol System ◽  
Gendered Communication ◽  
Average Person ◽  
Language And Communication ◽  
System 1

Language as a social institution is the primary symbol system through which we teach/learn about our dominator culture. The assumptions, values, attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors that are considered “normative” are deeply embedded in our language and communication style. The “language of domination” features “shoulds and musts, blame and criticism, [and] judgment and demand,” all of which privileges certain groups and suppresses others according to their “appropriate” social rank (Hart, 2004, p. 114). Language is also one of the powerful mechanisms for teaching and conveying stereotypes; the significant impact of which we have already explored. Further, without a great deal of mindful effort, the average person conforms to stereotypes of language and communication style without even being aware of it. Johnson (2006) describes how most of us learn to take the “path of least resistance” with regard to social expectations of ourselves and of others. This also points to the necessity for what feminist activists and scholars have called “consciousness raising.” Once we become conscious of the ways in which our language and communication style reflect dominator stereotypes that have taught us false models for how to think about ourselves and each other, we can make conscious choices to do things differently. This chapter explores the following concepts in an effort to chart the map down the “path of resistance” to a dominator social system: (1) why political correctness matters; (2) gendered communication style; (3) malecentered IT communication style and culture; and (4) dominance, violence, and sex metaphors in IT.

Effect of deliberation style on the gender gap in deliberative participation

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 158-175
Author(s):  
Hiroko Ide Levy ◽  
Shiro Sakaiya
Keyword(s):  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Factual Information ◽  
Policy Issues ◽  
Gendered Communication ◽  
Policy Deliberation ◽  
Within Subjects ◽  
Causal Mediation Analysis ◽  
Citizen Deliberation

AbstractThe importance of citizen deliberation in democracy is widely recognized today and the current digitalized and more fragmented society may benefit from discussions among people with diverse opinions in a well-organized setting. At the same time, concerns have also been raised about inequality in deliberative participation. We narrowed our focus to gender equality and examined whether introducing an evidence-driven style of deliberation can mitigate gender inequality in policy deliberation. In our repeated measure (within-subjects) experiment, university students in Japan discussed divisive policy issues during two sessions. Half of the participants started the discussion by examining factual information about the topic (evidence-driven style) and the other half started the discussion by expressing opinions about the topic (verdict-driven style). In the second session, the two groups switched styles. We found a statistically significant gender gap in participatory contribution for the verdict-driven style, but no such gap existed for the evidence-driven style. Using causal mediation analysis, we also found that, compared with the verdict-driven style, the evidence-driven style of deliberation reduces the gender gap by lowering women's tendency to agree with men. One possible explanation from the viewpoint of gendered communication is that women were more confident in evidence-driven deliberations. This psychological effect is a factor that is harder for facilitators to control and thus the evidence-driven style can be effective even with the presence of facilitators. This paper demonstrates the importance of studying how deliberations are conducted and how deliberation styles can affect the content and the consequences of policy deliberations.

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