scholarly journals Loss Aversion: Will It Be Greater than the Gain?

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Hongren Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Loss Aversion ◽  
General Principle ◽  
Consumer Psychology ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Relative Impact ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
The Third

<p>Loss aversion is one of the most widely accepted ideas in social science, that is, the loss is greater than the gain. This paper is divided into four parts. First of all, the construction of loss aversion is introduced and discussed. The second part is about the evidence that supports loss aversion. As a result, the current evidence does not support losses, which are generally more influential than gains. The third part is to solve the following questions: despite the evidence to the contrary, why aversion is still generally accepted as a general principle among social scientists, including consumer psychologists. The aim of the analysis is to link beliefs about loss aversion to more general concepts, such as acceptance and adherence to scientific beliefs. In the last part, how to understand the relative impact of loss and income from the context, and how to broaden the new field of investigation in the field of consumer psychology are discussed.</p>

scholarly journals Prophetic social sciences: toward an Islamic-based transformative social sciences

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradana Boy ZTF
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Third World ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Critical Position ◽  
Important Type ◽  
The Third ◽  
Indigenous Theory ◽  
The Third World

This article discusses of one of the most important type of social sciences developed<br />in Indonesian context. In the midst of debate between Western secular<br />social sciences and Islamic social sciences, Kuntowijoyo offered a genuine yet<br />critical formula of social sciences. The formula called Ilmu Sosial Profetik (ISP)<br />attempted to build a bridge between secular social science and Islamic inclination<br />of social science. This article describes the position of ISP in the context of<br />critical position of Muslim social scientists on the hegemony and domination of<br />Orientalist tendency in studying Islam. At the end, the author offers a conclusion<br />that ISP can actually be regarded as Islamic-based transformative science that<br />can be further developed for a genuine indigenous theory of social sciences from<br />the Third World.<br />Artikel ini membahas salah satu tipe paling penting dari ilmu-ilmu sosial yang<br />dikembangkan dalam konteks Indonesia. Di tengah perdebatan antara ilmu-ilmu<br />sosial Barat sekuler dan ilmu social Islam, Kuntowijoyo menawarkan formula<br />yang orisinal dan kritis dalam ilmu sosial. Formula yang kemudian disebut dengan<br />Ilmu Sosial Profetik (ISP) berusaha untuk membangun jembatan antara ilmu sosial sekuler dan kecenderungan untuk melakukan Islamisasi ilmu sosial. Artikel<br />ini menjelaskan posisi ISP dalam konteks posisi kritis ilmuwan sosial Muslim pada<br />hegemoni dan dominasi kecenderungan orientalis dalam mempelajari Islam. Pada<br />akhirnya, penulis menawarkan kesimpulan bahwa ISP sebenarnya dapat dianggap<br />sebagai ilmu sosial transformatif berbasis Islam yang dapat dikembangkan lebih<br />lanjut sebagai teori sosial yang berkembang dari Dunia Ketiga.

scholarly journals Ilmuwan sosial berkarakter untuk Indonesia berkemajuan

HUMANIKA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-91
Author(s):  
Benni Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Social Scientist ◽  
Current System ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
National Development ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Distinctive Character ◽  
The Third

Social science is often considered the second caste in the current system, whereas social science provides a humanist face for humanity and nationality. Therefore social scientists need to convey their thoughts to proclaim the truth. Social scientists should have a distinctive character that makes it no less competitive with science and technology scientists. Social scientists have an important role in building Indonesia. This paper presents the exposure of the character of social humanities scientists to be able to contribute to humanitarian and national development. At least, there is one main character for a humanities social scientist plus three other characters. The main character for a social scientist is intelligent and morally puritanical. The second character for a social scientist is being wasathiyyah. The third character that social scientists need to have is being able to work with anyone. The fourth character is social scientists could build a center of excellence.Ilmu sosial seringkali dianggap kasta kedua dalam sistem saat ini, padahal ilmu sosial memberikan wajah humanis bagi kemanusiaan dan kebangsaan. Oleh karena itu ilmuwan sosial perlu menunjukkan pemikirannya untuk mewartakan kebenaran. Ilmuwan sosial selayaknya memiliki karakter khas yang menjadikannya tidak kalah saing dengan ilmuwan sains dan teknologi. Ilmuwan sosial mempunyai peran penting dalam membangun Indonesia. Tulisan ini mengemukakan paparan karakter ilmuwan sosial humaniora untuk dapat berkontribusi bagi pembangunan kemanusiaan dan kebangsaan. Setidaknya, ada satu karakter utama bagi seorang ilmuwan sosial humaniora ditambah tiga karakter lanjutan. Karakter utama bagi seorang ilmuwan sosial ialah cerdas berilmu dan puritan secara moral. Karakter kedua bagi seorang ilmuwan sosial adalah bersikap wasathiyyah. Karakter ketiga yang perlu dimilki oleh ilmuwan sosial adalah mampu bekerjasama dengan siapa pun. Karakter keempat adalah ilmuwun sosial dapat membangun pusat keunggulan.

Economic Development and Traditional Social Structures: Some Theoretical Considerations

1988 ◽  
Vol 27 (4II) ◽  
pp. 501-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soofia Mumtaz
Keyword(s):  
Third World ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Industrial System ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
The Third ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Functional Logic ◽  
The Third World ◽  
Theoretical Considerations

This paper discusses some issues currently preoccupying social scientists with respect to the process of development and its implications for Third World countries. These issues have become highly significant considering the momentum and nature of the development process being launched in the so-called "underdeveloped" world, within the context of modern nation-states. Therefore, in this paper, we seek to identify: (a) What is meant by development; (b) How the encounter between this process and traditional social structures (with their own functional logic, based on earlier forms of production and social existence) takes place; (c) What the implications of this encounter are; and (d) What lessons we can learn in this regard from history and anthropology. Development as a planned and organized process, the prime issue concerning both local and Western experts in Third World countries, is a recent phenomenon in comparison to the exposure of Third World countries to the Western Industrial system. The former gained momentum subsequent to the decolonization of the bulk of the Third World in the last half of this century, whereas the latter dates to at least the beginning of this century, if not earlier, when the repercussions of colonization, and later the two World Wars, became manifest in these countries.

Reflections on Local Population Studies and Social Science History

2018 ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
Osamu Saito
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Population Studies ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Local Source ◽  
Personal Reflection ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Science History ◽  
Social Science History ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Source Materials

This personal reflection of more than 40 years' work on the supply of labour in a household context discusses the relationship between social science history (the application to historical phenomena of the tools developed by social scientists) and local population studies. The paper concludes that historians working on local source materials can give something new back to social scientists and social science historians, urging them to remake their tools.

ISLAMIC SOCIAL SCIENCES

1988 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona Abul Fadl
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Belief Systems ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Social Foundations ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Human Value ◽  
The Social ◽  
Western Values ◽  
Culture Brokers

The need for a relevant and instrumental body of knowledge that can secure the taskof historical reconstruction in Muslim societies originally inspired the da’wa for the Islamizationof knowledge. The immediate targets for this da’wa were the social sciences for obvious reasons.Their field directly impinges on the organization of human societies and as such carries intothe area of human value and belief systems. The fact that such a body of knowledge alreadyexisted and that the norms for its disciplined pursuit were assumed in the dominant practiceconfronted Muslim scholars with the context for addressing the issues at stake. How relevantwas current social science to Muslim needs and aspirations? Could it, in its present formand emphasis, provide Muslims with the framework for operationalizing their values in theirhistorical present? How instrumental is it in shaping the social foundations vital for the Muslimfuture? Is instrumentality the only criteria for such evaluations? In seeking to answer thesequestions the seeds are sown for a new orientation in the social sciences. This orientationrepresents the legitimate claims and aspirations of a long silent/silenced world culture.In locating the activities of Muslim social scientists today it is important to distinguishbetween two currents. The first is in its formative stages as it sets out to rediscover the worldfrom the perspective of a recovered sense of identity and in terms of its renewed culturalaffinities. Its preoccupations are those of the Muslim revival. The other current is constitutedof the remnants of an earlier generation of modernizers who still retain a faith in the universalityof Western values. Demoralized by the revival, as much as by their own cultural alientation,they seek to deploy their reserves of scholarship and logistics to recover lost ground. Bymodifying their strategy and revalorizing the legacy they hope that, as culture-brokers, theymight be more effective where others have failed. They seek to pre-empt the cultural revivalby appropriating its symbols and reinterpreting the Islamic legacy to make it more tractableto modernity. They blame Orientalism for its inherent fixations and strive to redress its selfimposedlimitations. Their efforts may frequently intersect with those of the Islamizing current,but should clearly not be confused with them. For all the tireless ingenuity, these effortsare more conspicuous for their industry than for their originality. Between the new breadof renovationists and the old guard of ‘modernizers’, the future of an Islamic Social Scienceclearly lies with the efforts of the former.Within the Islamizing current it is possible to distinguish three principal trends. The firstopts for a radical perspective and takes its stand on epistemological grounds. It questionsthe compatibility of the current social sciences on account of their rootedness in the paradigmof the European Enlightenment and its attendant naturalistic and positivist biases. Consistencedemands a concerted e€fort to generate alternative paradigms for a new social science fromIslamic epistemologies. In contrast, the second trend opts for a more pragmatic approachwhich assumes that it is possible to interact within the existing framework of the disciplinesafter adapting them to Islamic values. The problem with modern sciene is ethical, notepistemological, and by recasting it accordingly, it is possible to benefit from its strengthsand curtail its derogatory consequences. The third trend focuses on the Muslim scholar, rather ...

Second Annual Conference of the “ASEAN Muslim Social Scientists’ Forum”

1988 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-306
Author(s):  
Hussain Mutalib
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Annual Conference ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Asian Region ◽  
Select Group ◽  
Islamic Resurgence ◽  
Closed Door

The Muslim Social Science Scholars’ Forum of ASEAN (Associationof Southeast Asian Nations) held its Second Meeting in Bangkok, Thailandfrom Mubrram 20-23, 1409lSeptember 1-4, 1988, under the auspices of theFoundation for Democracy and Development Studies. The theme for themeeting was “Muslim Scholars and Social Science Research,” aimed atdocumenting, discussing and analyzing the types of scholarship or researchthat have been done about Muslims in the Southeast Asian region, particularlywithin the ASEAN countries.A select group of Muslim social science scholars (together with someMuslim politicians) from the countries within ASEAN, except Brunei, wereinvited to the “Forum.” They included: Drs. Dawan Raharjo and NurcholisMajid, and Professor Moeslim (Indonesia), Drs. Surin Pitsuwan, SeneeMadmarn and Chaiwat (Thailand), Drs. Yusof Talib and Hussain Mutalib(Singapore), Professors Taib Osman and Wan Hashim and Umar Farouq(Malaysia), and Drs. Carmen Abubakar, Madale and Mastura (Philippines).All participants were either presenters of papers or discussants.Throughout the four-day deliberations, participants discussed the typesof studies and research that have been the focus of scholars studying Muslimcommunities in the ASEAN region. Some titles of papers included: “MuslimStudies in the Phillipines;” “Social Science Research in Thailand;” and “SocialScience Research in Malaysia: the Case of Islamic Resurgence.”Given the “closed-door” ‘nature of the meeting (participation was byinvitation only), there was adequate time for a more intensive, frank andthorough discussions of the papers. Problems and issues were aired and posed,and alternative options offered by participants. For every paper, there wasa discussant; hence, the issues that came out of the papers managed to beseen, discussed and appreciated from a more complete and balancedperspective.By and large, the Bangkok meeting was a successful one. Theapproximately twenty participants were generally pleased with the high qualityof papers presented and the sense of brotherhood that prevailed. The warmhospitality of the hosts from Thailand was also appreciated ...

Capitalism Beyond Mutuality?

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Social Contract ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Business Practice ◽  
Business Leaders ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Economic Paradigm ◽  
The Social ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
Great Output

Our quest for prosperity has produced great output but not always great outcomes. The list of concerns is growing and familiar. Fundamentally, when it comes to well-being, fairness, and the scope of our humanity, the modern economic system still leaves much to be desired. In turn, trust in business and the liberal market system (aka “capitalism”) has been declining and regulation has been rising. A variety of forces—civic, economic, and intellectual—have been probing for better alternatives. The contributions in this volume, coauthored by eminent philosophers, social scientists, and a handful of thoughtful business leaders, are submitted in this spirit. The thrust of the work is conveyed in the volume’s titular question: Capitalism Beyond Mutuality? Mutuality, or the exchange of benefits, has been established as the prime principle of interaction in addressing the chronic dilemma of human interdependence. Mutuality is a fundament in the social contract approach and it serves us well. Yet, to address the concerns outlined here, we must help evolve an economic paradigm where mutuality is more systematically complemented by reasoned and elective morality. Otherwise the state will remain the sole (if inadequate) protector and buffer between market and society. Hence, rather than just regulate power we must also educate power. Philosophy has a natural role, especially when education is the preferred vehicle of transformation. Accordingly, the essays in this volume integrate philosophy and social science to outline and explore concrete approaches to these important concerns emanating from business practice and theory.

Why they shared: recovering early arguments for sharing social scientific data

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-119
Author(s):  
Emily Hauptmann
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Data Sharing ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Ethical Imperative ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
The University ◽  
University Consortium

ArgumentMost social scientists today think of data sharing as an ethical imperative essential to making social science more transparent, verifiable, and replicable. But what moved the architects of some of the U.S.’s first university-based social scientific research institutions, the University of Michigan’s Institute for Social Research (ISR), and its spin-off, the Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR), to share their data? Relying primarily on archived records, unpublished personal papers, and oral histories, I show that Angus Campbell, Warren Miller, Philip Converse, and others understood sharing data not as an ethical imperative intrinsic to social science but as a useful means to the diverse ends of financial stability, scholarly and institutional autonomy, and epistemological reproduction. I conclude that data sharing must be evaluated not only on the basis of the scientific ideals its supporters affirm, but also on the professional objectives it serves.

scholarly journals The Potential Preventive Effect of Pregnancy and Breastfeeding on Multiple Sclerosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-84
Author(s):  
Mohsen Ali Alhomoud ◽  
Abdul Sattar Khan ◽  
Iftetah Alhomoud
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Neurological Disease ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Obstetric Outcomes ◽  
Preventive Effect ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Central Nervous System

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating chronic neurological disease that affects the central nervous system of young adults and their quality of life. Several studies have investigated the effects of pregnancy and breastfeeding on MS. However, the evidence regarding the influence of pregnancy and breastfeeding on MS is still accumulating. This review aimed to summarize the current evidence regarding the effects of pregnancy and breastfeeding on MS. <b><i>Summary:</i></b> A systematic electronic literature search of the PubMed and Embase databases was conducted to determine relevant published articles. The eligible studies were summarized and evaluated in tables. <b><i>Key Messages:</i></b> The majority of the studies indicated that pregnancy appears to lower the rate of MS relapses, particularly in the third trimester. The evidence regarding the effect of breastfeeding on MS remains inconsistent. Despite reports of negative obstetric outcomes in some pregnant women with MS, pregnancies in women with MS should not be categorized as high-risk pregnancies.

Politics and Research: Epistemological Moments

1990 ◽  
Vol 15 (01) ◽  
pp. 149-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adelaide H. Villmoare
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Law And Society ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Relationship

In reading the essays by David M. Trubek and John Esser and Boaventura de Sousa Santos, I thought about what I call epistemological moments that have provided contexts within which to understand the relationship between social science research and politics. I will sketch four moments and suggest that I find one of them more compelling than the others because it speaks particularly to social scientists with critical, democratic ambitions and to Trubek and Esser's concerns about politics and the intellectual vitality of the law and society movement.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document