scholarly journals Detection of Lung Cancer Tumor in CT Scan Images Using Novel Combination of Super Pixel and Active Contour Algorithms

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 1029-1035
Author(s):  
Farzaneh Shafiei ◽  
Shervan Fekri-Ershad
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Active Contour ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Cancer Tumor ◽  
Random Location

Lung cancer is a problem that has become increasingly widespread in recent years due to smoking, poor nutrition and other factors. If lung cancer cells are identified at an early stage, they will be crucial in saving lives. Machine learning-based approaches to detecting lung cancer tumors have reduced the need for manpower, reduced human error and reduced medical costs. CT scan images are one of the efficient image types to identify these tumors in the lung. However, the random location and shape of the tumors and poor quality of CT scans are biggest challenges in lung cancer tumor detection. In this paper, a multi-step method for detecting cancer tumors in CT scans is proposed. In the proposed method, the images are first clustered using the super pixel algorithm. The morphological operators are then used to cut the unconnected parts. Finally, the cancerous nodules and tumors are identified using the active contour algorithm. The performance of the proposed approach is evaluated on benchmark LIDC database in terms of Dice similarity measure which is 84.88%. Results show the higher performance of the proposed approach in comparison with state-of-the-art methods in this area.

EP-1222 “SLOW” CT SCAN FOR INCORPORATING LUNG TUMOR MOBILITY IN RADIOTHERAPY PLANNING IN EARLY STAGE LUNG CANCER

2012 ◽  
Vol 103 ◽  
pp. S469
Author(s):  
M. Molla ◽  
A. Seoane ◽  
O. Coronil ◽  
C. Delgado ◽  
A. Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Lung Tumor ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Radiotherapy Planning ◽  
Early Stage Lung Cancer ◽  
Stage Lung Cancer

scholarly journals Use of Low-dose Chest CT Scan in the Evaluation of Breast Composition According to the Recommendations of BI-RADS Atlas-Fifth Edition

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Ao ◽  
Xueguo Liu ◽  
Mingzhu Liang ◽  
Jiebing Gao
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Dense Breast ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Low Dose Ct ◽  
Dense Breasts ◽  
Breast Tissues ◽  
Chest Ct Scan

Background: Breast cancer and lung cancer are the leading causes of cancer-related mortality in women. Computed tomography (CT) plays an important role in lung cancer examination but an unidentified role in breast examination. Objectives: To investigate the feasibility of breast composition categorization according to the fifth edition of Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) atlas in low-dose CT screening. Patients and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study completed in The 5th Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China. We collected the imaging data of 57 women, who underwent low-dose chest CT scan and mammography within one week from 1st October 2013 to 31st March 2015. Two radiologists independently interpreted the mammograms and chest CT scans and classified the breast composition into categories a, b, c, and d. We also summarized the distribution of breast composition categories by collecting, observing, and classifying the chest CT scans from 1916 female examinees from 1st October 2013 to 31st March 2016. Results: Excellent agreement was observed between the two radiologists, using both low-dose CT scan (κ = 0.91) and mammography (κ = 0.86). Agreement between low-dose chest CT scan and mammography was moderate for radiologist A (κ = 0.50) and radiologist B (κ = 0.43). More breasts were classified in categories a and b on the chest CT scan compared to mammography according to both radiologist A (P < 0.01) and radiologist B (P < 0.01). The proportion of non-dense breast tissues (categories a & b) increased with advancing age, while the proportion of dense breast tissues (categories c & d) decreased (P < 0.05). With advancing age, the probability of non-dense breasts increased, while the probability of dense breasts decreased. Conclusions: Based on the findings, it is feasible to categorize breast composition using low-dose chest CT. In the older age group, the probability of non-dense breasts increased.

scholarly journals Clinical and Radiological Clues of Traumatic Craniocervical Junction Injuries Requiring Occipitocervical Fusion to Early Diagnosis

Neurospine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 741-748
Author(s):  
Daimon Shiraishi ◽  
Yusuke Nishimura ◽  
Isaac Aguirre-Carreno ◽  
Masahito Hara ◽  
Satoshi Yoshikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Facet Joint ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Craniocervical Junction ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Atlantoaxial Instability ◽  
Occipitocervical Fusion ◽  
Imaging Characteristics

Objective: The purpose of this study is to find the clinical and radiographic characteristics of traumatic craniocervical junction (CCJ) injuries requiring occipitocervical fusion (OC fusion) for early diagnosis and surgical intervention.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 12 patients with CCJ injuries presenting to St. Michaels Hospital in Toronto who underwent OC fusion and looked into the following variables; (1) initial trauma data on emergency room arrival, (2) associated injuries, (3) imaging characteristics of computed tomography (CT) scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), (4) surgical procedures, surgical complications, and neurological outcome.Results: All patients were treated as acute spinal injuries and underwent OC fusion on an emergency basis. Patients consisted of 10 males and 2 females with an average age of 47 years (range, 18–82 years). All patients sustained high-energy injuries. Three patients out of 6 patients with normal BAI (basion-axial interval) and BDI (basion-dens interval) values showed visible CCJ injuries on CT scans. However, the remaining 3 patients had no clear evidence of occipitoatlantal instability on CT scans. MRI clearly described several findings indicating occipitoatlantal instability. The 8 patients with normal values of ADI (atlantodens interval interval) demonstrated atlantoaxial instability on CT scan, however, all MRI more clearly and reliably demonstrated C1/2 facet injury and/or cruciate ligament injury.Conclusion: We advocate measures to help recognize CCJ injury at an early stage in the present study. Occipitoatlantal instability needs to be carefully investigated on MRI in addition to CT scan with special attention to facet joint and ligament integrity.

scholarly journals Assessing the Usefulness of 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET-CT Scan After Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Early-Stage Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

CHEST Journal ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 146 (2) ◽  
pp. 406-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas J. Pastis ◽  
Travis J. Greer ◽  
Nichole T. Tanner ◽  
Amy E. Wahlquist ◽  
Leonie L. Gordon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Pet Ct Scan ◽  
Fluorodeoxyglucose Pet

Blinded assessment of radiological changes after stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) for early-stage lung cancer: Local recurrences versus fibrosis.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 7520-7520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suresh Senan ◽  
Kitty Huang ◽  
Sashendra Senthi ◽  
Femke Spoelstra ◽  
Andrew Warner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Local Recurrence ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy ◽  
Recurrence Rates ◽  
Early Stage Lung Cancer ◽  
Local Recurrences ◽  
Stage Lung Cancer

7520 Background: Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) is a guideline-recommended treatment for unfit patients with early-stage lung cancer. The 5-year local recurrence rates are approximately 10% but fibrotic changes are common during follow-up, leading to difficulty with timely detection and salvage therapies. Previously reported high-risk features (HRFs) on computed tomography (CT) are 1) enlarging opacity at the primary site; 2) sequential enlarging opacity; 3) enlarging opacity after 12 months; 4) bulging margin; 5) loss of linear margin and 6) loss of air bronchograms. We performed a blinded assessment of CT imaging of patients with and without local recurrences. Methods: Patients treated with SABR for early stage lung cancer between 2003 and 2012, who developed pathology-proven local recurrence (n=12), were matched 1:2 to patients without recurrences (n=24), based on baseline factors. The median age at diagnosis was 68 years and median post-SABR imaging follow-up was 24 months (range 6 to 67 months). Patients were well-matched in the recurrence and non-recurrence groups. A total of 153 CT scans were available. Serial CT images were assessed by 3 radiation oncologists blinded to outcomes, viewing anonymized images projected onto a large screen. Results: All established HRFs were significantly associated with local recurrence (p<0.01), and one additional HRF was identified: cranio-caudal growth (p<0.001). The best individual predictor of local recurrence was opacity enlargement after 12 months(100% sensitivity, 83% specificity, p<0.001). The odds of recurrence increased 4-fold for each additional HRF detected in an individual patient. The presence of ≥3 HRFs in an individual patient was highly sensitive and specific for recurrence (both >90%). The HRFs enlarging opacity and cranio-caudal growth were each detected ≥3 months prior to the actual diagnosis of local recurrence in 42% of patients. Conclusions: Local recurrences following SABR can be accurately predicted by the presence of HRF’s on post-treatment CT scans. This approach may reduce unnecessary diagnostic procedures, and ensure earlier use of salvage therapies.

CT and PET radiomic features associated with major pathologic response to neoadjuvant immunotherapy in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 9031-9031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica C. Nakajima ◽  
Jeffrey P. Leal ◽  
Wei Fu ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
Jamie E. Chaft ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Percent Change

9031 Background: An early biomarker of response to immunotherapy (IO) is needed urgently to identify the patients (pts) who will derive benefit. We reported the first clinical trial of neoadjuvant IO (nIO) in resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (NCT02259621). In this study, we investigated whether there was an association between MPR and radiomic features (RF) in [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]-FDG) PET and standard CT images obtained at baseline and after nIO in early stage NSCLC tumors. Methods: Prior to receiving neoadjuvant nivolumab or nivolumab/ipilimumab, patients with Stage I-IIIA NSCLC underwent two [18F]-FDG PET-CTs and/or plain CTs: a baseline scan at enrollment (PRE), and after nIO (POST). After neoadjuvant treatment, tumors were resected and evaluated for MPR. Volumes of interest (VOIs) were drawn around primary tumors on the scans. Using our novel radiomic software, Imager-4D, VOIs were evaluated for 20 RFs assessing [18F]-FDG standard uptake value (SUV) or Hounsfield unit (HU) heterogeneity and spatial distribution in PET and CT images respectively. The baseline, post-treatment, and percent change in RFs before and after nIO were compared between tumors with and without MPR. Wilcoxon test was used for the comparisons. Results: The PRE and POST scans of 24 pts were analyzed. All pts had PRE and POST CTs performed, and 17 pts had PRE and POST [18F]-FDG PET-CT scans. 7 of 24 (29%) had MPR. In the CT scan analysis, HU-based RFs of voxel count, total volume, energy, entropy, homogeneity, contrast, and dissimilarity in POST CT scans each significantly association with MPR. In the PET scan analysis, SUV mean and voxel count RFs in the POST scans, and the percent change in the cluster shade RF between PRE and POST scans were significantly associated with MPR. Conclusions: Collectively, we identified a significant increase in heterogeneity in the POST CT images of NSCLC tumors that had MPR. This association may reflect increased T cell infiltration or tumor necrosis. In contrast, most [18F]-FDG-based RFs did not distinguish MPR vs non-MPR tumors, although the sample size was limited. We will further investigate these HU-based RFs as non-invasive markers of response to IO in conjunction with pathologic markers of IO response and in a larger patient cohort.

Mid-ventilation CT scan construction from four-dimensional respiration-correlated CT scans for radiotherapy planning of lung cancer patients

2006 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 1560-1571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jochem W.H. Wolthaus ◽  
Christoph Schneider ◽  
Jan-Jakob Sonke ◽  
Marcel van Herk ◽  
José S.A. Belderbos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Radiotherapy Planning ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients
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