scholarly journals Effect of Friction Stir Process Parameters on Mechanical Properties of Al/Eggshell/SiC Composite Material

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
Anas Islam ◽  
Vijay K. Dwivedi ◽  
Shashi Prakash Dwivedi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Composite Material ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Optimum Combination ◽  
Box Behnken Design ◽  
Friction Stir Process ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Ball Milling Technique ◽  
Final Composite

The rise in pollution is a serious matter of concern for all nations. Industries are mainly responsible for damaging the balance of the cycle of pollution. In this paper, the mechanical properties of Aluminum have been enhanced by reinforcing it with eggshell wastes and SiC as reinforcement particles. Ball-milling technique has been applied for up to 75 hours for making the densities of Aluminum, Eggshell and SiC equal. The prime focus of this work is to improve the hardness value of Aluminium-based final composite material. Friction Stir Process (FSP) technique has been used to develop the composite and the driving parameters of FSP like rotational speed, transverse speed etc. are optimized with the help of the Box-Behnken Design approach. The optimized value of rotation speed was 966.14 rpm as well as transverse speed was 23.18 mm/min. Hardness and tensile strength of composite developed at an optimum combination of parameters were found to be 72.2 BHN and 194.48 MPa respectively. Results showed that tensile strength and hardness were enhanced by about 44.05% and 64.09% respectively.

scholarly journals Effect of Tool Rotation Speed on Mechanical Properties and Microstructure as the Results of Friction Stir Welding Method on Aluminium 5083-7075

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
Maryati Maryati ◽  
Bambang Soegijono ◽  
M Yudi Masduky ◽  
Tarmizi Tarmizi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Incomplete Fusion ◽  
Connection Form ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Tool Rotation Speed ◽  
Speed Rotation ◽  
Tool Rotation

Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a new method of welding process which is affordable and provide good quality. Aluminium 5083-7075 has been connected successfully by using friction stir welding (FSW) method into butt joint connection form. Tool rotation speed is one of the important parameters in FSW. The changes of rotation speed will affect the characteristics of mechanical properties and microstructure. The parameters of welding being used are welding speed of 29 mm/minutes by varying the speed rotation of 525 rpm, 680 rpm, 910 rpm, and 1555 rpm. In order to find out the mechanical strength of welds, tensile strength and hardness testing is done while finding out the microstructure will be done by using optical microscope and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The result of the research showed that the highest tensile strength obtained at 910 rpm speed rotation about 244.85 MPa and the greatest hardness values was found on aluminium 5083 around the wheel zone area about 96 HV with rotary speed of 525 rpm. Then, the result of testing the macro and microstructure on all samples indicated defect which is seen as incomplete fusion and penetration causing the formation of onion rings. In other words, it is which showed that the result of stirring and tacking in the welding area is less than perfect.

The Effect of Friction Stir Process (FSP) on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mg-Gd-Ag-Zr Alloy

2013 ◽  
Vol 765 ◽  
pp. 726-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Yan Zheng ◽  
Li Ming Peng ◽  
Yu Juan Wu ◽  
Xue Wen Li ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Secondary Phase ◽  
Traverse Speed ◽  
Friction Stir Process ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Alloy Casting ◽  
Tool Rotation Rate ◽  
Tool Rotation ◽  
Zr Alloy

An Mg-13.0Gd-1.6Ag-0.3Zr (wt.%) alloy casting was subjected to friction stir processing (FSP) at a tool rotation rate of 500 rpm and a traverse speed of 100 mm/min. The effects of FSP on the microstructures in different zones and mechanical properties were investigated. It indicates that FSP can result in significant break-up and dissolution of the coarse eutectic secondary phase‑‑Mg5Gd-type, and remarkable grain refinement (~2.5 µm) in stirring zone (SZ). Therefore, the mechanical properties of the casting can be significantly improved after FSP, i.e., it exhibits an ultimate tensile strength of 341 MPa and an elongation of 17 %.

scholarly journals Dissimilar Friction Stir Welding of AA2024 and AISI 1018: Microstructure and Mechanical Properties

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 330
Author(s):  
Mohamed M. Z. Ahmed ◽  
Nabil Jouini ◽  
Bandar Alzahrani ◽  
Mohamed M. El-Sayed Seleman ◽  
Mohammad Jhaheen
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Heat Input ◽  
Rotation Rate ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Transverse Cross Section ◽  
Traverse Speed ◽  
Friction Stir

This study investigated the effect of the friction stir welding rotation rate and welding speed on the quality and properties of the dissimilar joints between aluminum and carbon steel. Plates of 4 mm thickness from both AA2024 and AISI 1018 were successfully friction stir butt welded at rotation speeds of 200, 250, and 300 rpm and welding speeds of 25, 50, and 75 mm/min. The joint quality was investigated along the top surface and the transverse cross-sections. Further investigation using scanning electron microscopy was conducted to assess the intermetallic layers and the grain refining in the stir zone. The mechanical properties were investigated using tensile testing for two samples for each weld that wire cut perpendicular to the welding direction and the hardness profiles were obtained along the transverse cross-section. Both the top surface and the transverse cross-section macrographs indicated defect free joints at a rotation rate of 250 rpm with the different welding speeds. The intermetallic compounds (IMCs) formation was significantly affected by the heat input, where there is no formation of IMCs at the Al/steel interfaces when higher traverse speed (75 mm/min) or lower rotation speed (200 rpm) were used, which gave the maximum tensile strength of about 230 MPa at the low rotation speed (200 rpm) along with 3.2% elongation. This is attributed to the low amount of heat input (22.32 J/mm) experienced. At the low traverse speed (25 mm/min and 250 rpm), a continuous layer of Al-rich IMCs FeAl3 is formed at the joint interface due to the high heat input experienced (79.5 J/mm). The formation of the IMCs facilitates fracture and reduced the tensile strength of the joint to about 98 MPa. The fracture mechanism was found to be of mixed mode and characterized by a cleavage pattern and dimples. The hardness profiles indicated a reduction in the hardness at the aluminum side and an increase at the steel side.

Production and characterization of A5083–Al2O3–TiO2 hybrid surface nanocomposite by friction stir processing

2015 ◽  
Vol 232 (4) ◽  
pp. 287-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Ahmadifard ◽  
Shahab Kazemi ◽  
Akbar Heidarpour
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
Hardened Steel ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this study, the production and characterization of A5083–Al2O3–TiO2 hybrid surface nanocomposite by friction stir processing have been investigated. The effect of different ratios of nanosized Al2O3 and TiO2 particles on microstructural and mechanical properties was investigated. A threaded cylindrical hardened steel tool was used with the rotation speed of 500 r/min and travel speed of 56 mm/min and a tilt angle of 3°. Microhardness of base metal and treated surfaces as well as tensile strength was evaluated. The samples were characterized by means of optical and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the maximum tensile strength and hardness value were achieved for a mixture of Al2O3 and TiO2 in the ratio of 25–75, respectively. The microhardness and tensile strength were respectively increased by 50% and 182% while ductility was reduced by 60%.

An appraisal of characteristic mechanical properties and microstructure of friction stir welding for Aluminium 6061 alloy – Silicon Carbide (SiCp) metal matrix composite

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 5804-5817
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Sabry
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Metal Matrix Composite ◽  
Matrix Composite ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Welded Joint ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Fusion Welding ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Al 6061

It is expected that the demand for Metal Matrix Composite (MMCs) will increase in these applications in the aerospace and automotive industries sectors, strengthened AMC has different advantages over monolithic aluminium alloy as it has characteristics between matrix metal and reinforcement particles.  However, adequate joining technique, which is important for structural materials, has not been established for (MMCs) yet. Conventional fusion welding is difficult because of the irregular redistribution or reinforcement particles.  Also, the reaction between reinforcement particles and aluminium matrix as weld defects such as porosity in the fusion zone make fusion welding more difficult. The aim of this work was to show friction stir welding (FSW) feasibility for entering Al 6061/5 to Al 6061/18 wt. % SiCp composites has been produced by using stir casting technique. SiCp is added as reinforcement in to Aluminium alloy (Al 6061) for preparing metal matrix composite. This method is less expensive and very effective. Different rotational speeds,1000 and 1800 rpm and traverse speed 10 mm \ min was examined. Specimen composite plates having thick 10 mm were FS welded successfully. A high-speed steel (HSS) cylindrical instrument with conical pin form was used for FSW. The outcome revealed that the ultimate tensile strength of the welded joint (Al 6061/18 wt. %) was 195 MPa at rotation speed 1800 rpm, the outcome revealed that the ultimate tensile strength of the welded joint (Al 6061/18 wt.%) was 165 MPa at rotation speed 1000 rpm, that was very near to the composite matrix as-cast strength. The research of microstructure showed the reason for increased joint strength and microhardness. The microstructural study showed the reason (4 %) for higher joint strength and microhardness.  due to Significant   of SiCp close to the boundary of the dynamically recrystallized and thermo mechanically affected zone (TMAZ) was observed through rotation speed 1800 rpm. The friction stir welded ultimate tensile strength Decreases as the volume fraction increases of SiCp (18 wt.%).

A review on effect of processing parameters on mechanical properties of MMCs by friction stir process

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Prasuna Lilly Florence ◽  
P. H. V. Sesha Talpa Sai ◽  
S. Devaraj ◽  
K. S. Narayanaswamy
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Friction Stir Process ◽  
Friction Stir

scholarly journals Effect of Stirring Pin Rotation Speed on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 2A14-T4 Alloy T-Joints Produced by Stationary Shoulder Friction Stir Welding

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 1938
Author(s):  
Haifeng Yang ◽  
Hongyun Zhao ◽  
Xinxin Xu ◽  
Li Zhou ◽  
Huihui Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Weld Nugget ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Nugget Zone ◽  
T Joints ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Stationary Shoulder ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties

In this study, 2A14-T4 Al-alloy T-joints were prepared via stationary shoulder friction stir welding (SSFSW) technology where the stirring pin’s rotation speed was set as different values. In combination with the numerical simulation results, the macro-forming, microstructure, and mechanical properties of the joints under different welding conditions were analyzed. The results show that the thermal cycle curves in the SSFSW process are featured by a steep climb and slow decreasing variation trends. As the stirring pin’s rotation speed increased, the grooves on the weld surface became more obvious. The base and rib plates exhibit W- or N-shaped hardness distribution patterns. The hardness of the weld nugget zone (WNZ) was high but was lower than that of the base material. The second weld’s annealing effect contributed to the precipitation and coarsening of the precipitated phase in the first weld nugget zone (WNZ1). The hardness of the heat affect zone (HAZ) in the vicinity of the thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ) dropped to the minimum. As the stirring pin's rotation speed increased, the tensile strengths of the base and rib plates first increased and then dropped. The base and rib plates exhibited ductile and brittle/ductile fracture patterns, respectively.

scholarly journals Tension mechanical properties of recycled glass-epoxy composite material

2012 ◽  
pp. 189-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Petrovic ◽  
Darko Ljubic ◽  
Marina Stamenovic ◽  
Ivana Dimic ◽  
Slavisa Putic
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Composite Material ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Recycled Glass ◽  
Before And After

The significance of composite materials and their applications are mainly due to their good properties. This imposes the need for their recycling, thus extending their lifetime. Once used composite material will be disposed as a waste at the end of it service life. After recycling, this kind of waste can be used as raw materials for the production of same material, which raises their applicability. This indicates a great importance of recycling as a method of the renowal of composite materials. This study represents a contribution to the field of mechanical properties of the recycled composite materials. The tension mechanical properties (tensile strength and modulus of elasticity) of once used and disposed glass-epoxy composite material were compared before and after the recycling. The obtained results from mechanical tests confirmed that the applied recycling method was suitable for glass-epoxy composite materials. In respect to the tensile strength and modulus of elasticity it can be further assessed the possibility of use of recycled glass-epoxy composite materials.

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