Centralized vs. Decentralized Wastewater Systems - Potential of Water Reuse Within a Transboundary Context

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Boavida ◽  
Mafalda Pinto ◽  
Teresa Salvador
Keyword(s):  
Water Reuse ◽  
Wastewater Systems

Decentralised urban water reuse: The implications of system scale for cost and pathogen risk

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 281-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.A. Fane ◽  
N.J. Ashbolt ◽  
S.B. White
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Waterborne Disease ◽  
Potable Reuse ◽  
Effluent Reuse ◽  
Wastewater Systems

The non-potable reuse of treated sewage in urban areas provides significant conservation of potable supplies beyond that available through water use efficiency. Effluent reuse is also an inevitable requirement in novel decentralised wastewater systems. At present, urban water reuse, where pursued, usually involves large-scale schemes based on new or existing centralised sewage treatment plants. This is despite the diseconomy of scale inherent in pipe networks that balances economies of scale in sewage treatment and negates any cost advantage for wastewater systems with more than around 1,000 connections. In light of this, the theoretical relationship between effluent reuse system scale and pathogen risks was examined at various effluent qualities. Waterborne disease was seen to be a significant factor when reusing effluent in urban areas and smaller systems were found to pose a lower risk of waterborne infection, all other things being equal. Pathogen risks were then included within an economic analysis of system scale. It was concluded that with the inclusion of pathogen risks as a costed externality, taking a decentralised approach to urban water reuse would be economically advantageous in most cases. This conclusion holds despite an exact evaluation of increased waterborne disease due to effluent reuse remaining problematic.

Advanced treatment for potable water reuse

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 581-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart J. Khan ◽  
Troy Walker ◽  
Benjamin D Stanford ◽  
Jörg E. Drewes
Keyword(s):  
Water Reuse ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Advanced Treatment

Renovated Water Reuse from Rapid Infiltration System

1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-114
Author(s):  
Duan ZhenBo ◽  
Wang Shang ShaoTang ◽  
Li RuQi ◽  
Wu XureQing ◽  
Gao Erjing
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
The Cost

Abstract The use of renovated water from a rapid infiltration system for fish and duck farming was evaluated. It was concluded that the flesh of fish and duck was edible. The use of this approach is beneficial to the environment and economy, especially in developing countries. The production of fish and duck can offset the cost of wastewater treatment in many cases.

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