Impact of foreign trade on market concentration (czech manufacturing industries in 1993 - 1997)

2000 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alena Zemplinerová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Market Concentration ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Eu

The paper presents an empirical analysis of the relationship between international trade and market concentration. Market concentration is measured with and without adjustment for foreign trade and results are compared. On most markets the adjustment of domestic supply for exports and imports reduces market concentration. Most concentrated industries as a rule further concentrated and the least concentrated industries further de-concentrated during the period 1993 - 1997. <p>Comparison of market concentration with the EU showed that manufacturing product markets that are in the EU very concentrated and for which economies of scale are typical, are not concentrated in the Czech Republic. This fact can imply a performance that is below the optimal scale and low competitiveness on the international markets. On the other hand, the least concentrated markets in the EU continue to be relatively more concentrated in the Czech Republic. These are often local markets on which foreign trade cannot create competition and should be therefore closely monitored by antimopoly authority.

scholarly journals Entry Into the Common Market of the European Union in Terms of Czech Republic’s Foreign Trade with Dairy Products

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 605-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivo Zdráhal ◽  
Věra Bečvářová
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Common Market ◽  
Milk Product ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Eu

The aim of the paper is to evaluate the development of the Czech foreign trade in milk and milk products and specify the typical features and consequences within its territorial and commodity structure using a specific system of indicators intended to show a relevant image on the topic. The analysis covers the period between 1999 and 2015 and are interpreted in the context of changes of the business environment that have occurred in the last two decades, particularly in relation to the Czech Republic’s entry into the European Union. Throughout the studied period, the Czech Republic revealed a positive balance of trade in milk and dairy products, as well as favourable values of TC index (value of coverage of import by export). The dynamics of the territorial structure of export and import is embodied in the overall trade dynamics between the Czech Republic and countries of EU-28. The Czech Republic’s entry into the EU common market, however, led to a change in the trading milk product structure. As a negative is regarded the fact that the structure of Czech export to the EU countries has changed and that is mainly concentrated on basic raw milk or dairy products of the first phase of processing with relatively low added value.

scholarly journals Analysis of the formation of the belly in relation to sex

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
R. Stupka ◽  
M. Šprysl ◽  
M. Pour
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Lean Meat ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Section Area ◽  
Slaughter Pigs ◽  
The Eu

The aim of the study was to analyse the formation of pig belly in relation to sex. The analysis included in total 193 slaughter pigs of final hybrids currently used in the Czech Republic. The pigs were slaughtered at the age of 166&ndash;175 days. The VIA method according to the methodology of Schwerdtfeger et al. (1993) was used to evaluate the formation of belly and to estimate the percentage of lean meat. The calculation of the lean meat and its proportion in the belly was based on the equation according to Č&iacute;tek (2002). The belly in total as well as the EU belly in barrows reached the weight of 7.85 kg and 4.35 kg, respectively, and in gilts 7.66 kg and 4.12 kg, respectively. With almost the same weight of dressed carcasses, the belly in barrows accounted for a higher proportion, i.e. 9.96% compared to 9.56% in gilts. In terms of percentage the gilts had a statistically highly significantly higher proportion of meat in the EU belly, namely by 3.32% compared to barrows. At all points of measurement the higher total area of the belly section was found in barrows compared to gilts. A comparison of the percentage proportion of lean meat area in the total belly area at individual points of measurement indicated statistically significantly higher values in gilts than in barrows. It was confirmed that in the section area from point 1 to point 3 the deposition of fat in barrows was higher with the values of the meat area ranging from 58.15% to 56.09%. On the other hand, in gilts the differences between individual sections were very small: 61.25%, 61.99% and 61.49%. &nbsp;

Changing foreign trade patterns in post-reform czech industry (1989-1995) - empirical evidence

1997 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Stolze
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Trade Flows ◽  
Trade Patterns ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Factor Endowments ◽  
Energy Inputs ◽  
Correlation Tests ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
The Eu

Summarizing our analysis we must acknowledge that it is still difficult to get a precise picture of the role which different factors play in determining international competitiveness of industrial branches. The most limits of the analysis are as follows: comprehensive data on input intensities of industrial branches were only available for West European countries; the assumptions necessary for a precise forecast of competitiveness positions through RCA-indicators are not been fulfilled; trade patterns are still distorted by production structures and capacities inherited from the planned economy. Although it may be premature to seriously address the question to what extent factor endowments determine trade flows between the Czech Republic and the EU, we have found a number of interesting tendencies. For the year 1989 correlation tests and an analysis of the most 10, 20 and 30 factor-intensive industries revealed a certain positive effect of capital, labour and energy inputs.

scholarly journals Legal and economic aspects of deeper EU integration in the Czech Republic

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (7) ◽  
pp. 2351-2355
Author(s):  
Martina Krásnická
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Fiscal Union ◽  
Eu Integration ◽  
The Eu

The deeper economic integration in form of fiscal union, bank union, or increased macroeconomic surveillance is for the Czech Republic not only the question of whether and when to enter the euro zone, but also whether and when to join the other institutes. The aim of this paper is to analyse the legal background of these instruments and estimate their possible economic impact. These hypotheses would be a subject of author’s further search. The future impact on enterprises in the Czech Republic is evident in some areas of the EU enhanced cooperation. Adoption of the euro is an example. Other aspects of deeper economic integration as for example the bank union do not impact the microsphere so obviously; however can significantly change the business environment in the country.

scholarly journals Brand as an innovation—The case of Czech wine

2021 ◽  
pp. 115-124
Author(s):  
Jan Zavodny Pospisil
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
The Other ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Wine Market ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

The Czech Republic is not a typical wine-growing country, yet winemaking and viticulture are among the oldest Czech crafts. Although the situation is slightly improving today, domestic wine production is not very preferred by Czech consumers since more than two-thirds of the wine that Czechs drink each year is imported. In the long term, the worst situation prevailed with the sales of a young wine. The cause was twofold: On the one hand, the market was already penetrated by imported Beaujolais nouveau, which became a synonym for the young wine. On the other, a peculiar Czechs’ taste for young wine was also an obstacle. As a young wine, many Czechs drink partially fermented must from grapevine fruits called “Burčák”. The young wine market was therefore seemingly penetrated with a low possibility of new brands entering it. The proposed case study will describe an ongoing campaign in which a new brand, “Svatomartinské víno”, was created. With this brand, it was possible to change the Czech consumers’ view of immature wines fundamentally. Thanks to the innovative branding approach, the product, which Czech consumers had neglected for many years, became a superior and must-have product for broad consumers. Also, the relationship between the brand and consumers has been established. The new brand has become a potential for many other related events. Last but not least, the consumption of domestic wine increased, which led to the support of local wineries and related regions.

scholarly journals Development of agricultural foreign trade in the countries of Central Europe

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 163-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Svatoš ◽  
L. Smutka
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Agricultural Trade ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Central European ◽  
Eu Membership ◽  
Territorial Structure ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Eu

This paper analyses the development of agricultural foreign trade in Austria, Hungary and the Czech Republic with the aim of uncovering the changes that have impacted the Central European agricultural trade over the ten year period (1999–2008). It issues from the results of the analysis of agricultural trade in the aforementioned countries, which has changed dramatically in terms of the commodity structure, the territorial structure and primarily the value structure. The main changes to have caused most of the changes to the individual characteristics of agricultural foreign trade in the particular countries under analysis are the process of the EU enlargementy, the adoption of obligations to ensue from the EU membership and the concentration in the internal market of the EU countries. We can see the actual changes in the commodity and territorial structure of the trade carried out in the individual countries under analysis. The changes which have occurred resulted in a dominant share of the member countries of the EU&nbsp;27 in the agricultural trade of the individual countries under analysis.

scholarly journals THE PROBLEMATICS OF MULTILEVEL GOVERNANCE IN THE EU AND THE CURRENT SITUATION OF REGIONALIZATION OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC AND THE STRUCTURAL FUNDS ISSUES

Auspicia ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 23-37
Author(s):  
František Prášil
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Multilevel Governance ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Structural Funds ◽  
Eu Structural Funds ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Eu

ABSTRACT: This article deals with the issue of multilevel governance in the European Union. Firstly, it introduces the reader to the issue of multilevel governance in the relationship between the European Union and the Czech Republic. It focuses on processes, principles of multilevel governance, their development over time (especially after the Czech Republic's accession to the European Union). Secondly, the article examines the changes within the Czech Republic after its accession to the EU with regard to regions and regionalization. It points out the problems associated with drawing the EU structural funds. The article also deals with the issues of EU vs. Andrej Babiš and his business activities, in particular, the much-discussed Stork's Nest case. By summarizing the findings, the article attempts to provide readers with enough information to be able to get their own idea of whether or not the current Czech Prime Minister Andrej Babiš has a conflict of interest with his business activities.

Czech republic: outlook of accession to the european union

1997 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luděk Urban
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
The Other ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eu Accession ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The One ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Eu

The Czech economy is undergoing two dominant processes: on the one hand transformation process which is far from being finished, on the other hand the Czech Republic is preparing its legislation and takes other measures to be ready for accession to the EU. The process of EU accession is a relationship of two partners who are not in quite an equal position. One party, an associated country aspiring to join the EU, tries to demonstrate that it fulfills the laid down conditions of accession and that it is ready for this act.

scholarly journals Agricultural drought and spring barley yields in the Czech Republic

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 306-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Trnka ◽  
P. Hlavinka ◽  
D. Semerádová ◽  
M. Dubrovský ◽  
Z. Žalud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Meteorological Drought ◽  
The Other ◽  
Agricultural Drought ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Southern Moravia ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between detrended district yields of spring barley (1961&minus;2000) and meteorological drought was assessed by Palmer Z-index. We found that the seasonal water balance (April&minus;June) significantly (<i>P</i> = 0.05) influences the spring barley production in 51 out of 62 evaluated districts. Coefficients of correlation varied in individual districts from 0.19 to 0.70, with the highest values being found in southern Moravia. Data analysis revealed the presence of six distinct groups of districts with a specific drought-yield relationship. The most drought-sensitive cluster included five districts in the South East of the country. On the other hand, the districts in Northern Moravia and Silesia belong among the least sensitive to agricultural drought. The study also defined threshold values of seasonal drought (sums of relative Palmer Z-index lower than &minus;8 and &minus;10, respectively), below which medium to severe spring barley yield reductions are very likely, regardless of the district of occurrence.

scholarly journals Qualitative Research on PESCO Projects Direction in the Field of CBRN

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 60-73
Author(s):  
Miroslav Pohanka ◽  
Antonín Novotný
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
European Union ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
The Other ◽  
International Treaties ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
International Projects ◽  
Further Development ◽  
The Eu

Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear (CBRN) weapons still represent a relevant threat despite international treaties and regulations. International projects like the Permanent Structured Cooperation (PESCO) of European Union (EU) appears as a suitable way of the further development when considered both complexity and expensiveness of the countermeasures to the CBRN. In this work, basic principles of PESCO, limitations, opportunities and expected directions of innovations were searched. The final recommendations on PESCO projects in the CBRN field are founded on the reached findings. Recommendations and conclusions on limited PESCO efficacy on one side and opportunity to resolve weakness of the Army of the Czech Republic (AČR) in the CBRN by collaboration in the EU on the other were particularly described in this paper. Without the collaboration, the AČR will hardly reflect the progress on CBRN defense.

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