scholarly journals The Critical Role of Group Affect in Engineering Design Tasks in High School Biology (Fundamental)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth McEneaney ◽  
Martina Nieswandt
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
High School Biology

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Social Support and Student Academic Involvement: The Mediating Role of School Belonging

2021 ◽  
pp. 082957352110347
Author(s):  
Luis Francisco Vargas-Madriz ◽  
Chiaki Konishi
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Parental Support ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
School Belonging ◽  
School Students ◽  
Academic Involvement ◽  
The Relationship

Canada’s high school graduation rates are still low when compared to other members of the OECD. Previous studies have found academic involvement is associated with positive trajectories toward graduation, that social support promotes student engagement, and that school belonging could mediate this relationship. Still, little is known about the specificity of such mediation, especially in Québec. Therefore, this study examined the role of belonging as mediator of the relationship between social support and academic involvement. Participants ( N = 238) were high-school students from the Greater Montréal Area. All variables were measured by the School-Climate Questionnaire. Results from hierarchical multiple regressions indicated parental support had a direct relationship, whereas peer and teacher support had a mediated relationship by school belonging with academic involvement. Results highlight the critical role of school belonging in promoting academic involvement in relation to social support.

scholarly journals Perspectives on Innovation: The Role of Engineering Design

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1235-1244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ola Isaksson ◽  
Claudia Eckert ◽  
Olivia Borgue ◽  
Sophie I Hallstedt ◽  
Andreas Makoto Hein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Design ◽  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Systems Architecture ◽  
Management Perspective ◽  
Design Systems ◽  
Design Psychology ◽  
Business And Management

AbstractThe aim of the paper is to foster a discussion in the engineering design community about its understanding of the innovation phenomena and the unique contribution that comes from engineering design. The paper reports on the dialouge originating from a series of workshops with participants from different backgrounds in engineering design, systems engineering, industrial design psychology and business.Definitions of innovation are revisited as used in business, management and engineering design contexts. The role of innovation is then discussed related to product development from (i) the management perspective, (ii) a systems architecture perspective and (iii) in relation to sustainable development as one driver of innovation.It is argued that engineering design has a central role in how to realise the novelty aspect of innovation and often plays a critical role in maturing these into the valuable products, and there is a need to articulate the role of engineering design in innovation to better resonate with the business and management research.

scholarly journals Brokering College Opportunity for First-Generation Youth: The Role of the Urban High School

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia C. Duncheon ◽  
Stefani R. Relles
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Capital Gains ◽  
Urban High School ◽  
Student Agency ◽  
College Going ◽  
College Opportunity

Social capital research has demonstrated the value of relationships and networks to enhance college opportunity for first-generation students. While most work has focused on individual students and their ties, high schools play a critical role in social capital processes by connecting students to external college access organizations and resources. This case study employs Mario Small’s organizational brokerage theory to investigate social capital formation among college-bound first-generation youth in an urban high school. Specifically, we explore how the school itself brokered college-going resources through its partner organizations. Findings illustrate a range of passive and active brokerage strategies that influenced the quantity and quality of available resources, and in turn, the amount of student agency required to secure social capital gains.

scholarly journals Broadening conceptions of a “college-going culture”: The role of high school climate factors in college enrollment and persistence

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-340
Author(s):  
David S Knight ◽  
Julia C Duncheon
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
School Climate ◽  
School Safety ◽  
College Enrollment ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Climate Factors ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
College Going ◽  
College Going Culture

As workforce participation increasingly requires a college degree, ensuring that more students from traditionally underrepresented populations have the opportunity to enter and complete college is an equity imperative. To that end, high school reforms have promoted “college-going cultures” in low-performing high schools through interventions such as rigorous course offerings and college counseling. College access research has focused on issues specific to academics and college-going processes. Yet this research has tended to ignore broader school climate factors such as school safety and extracurricular programming, which may play a critical role in postsecondary opportunity, especially for historically underserved students. The current study applies hierarchical generalized linear modeling to the Educational Longitudinal Study of 2002 to 2006 to examine the role of college-going culture and high school climate characteristics on college enrollment and persistence. We find that while some components of college-going culture are associated with the likelihood of college enrollment and persistence, that relationship is moderated by school climate factors. We conclude that efforts to implement a college-going culture may struggle if extracurricular opportunities, school safety, and overall school climate issues are ignored.

Frameworks for Organizing Design Performance Metrics

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Briana Lucero ◽  
Peter Ngo ◽  
Julie Linsey ◽  
Cameron J. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Design ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Computational Tool ◽  
Bond Graphs ◽  
Computational Tools ◽  
Design For X ◽  
Technical Performance ◽  
Design By Analogy

Computational tools for aiding design-by-analogy have so far focused on function- and keyword-based retrieval of analogues. Given the critical role of performance and benchmarking in design, there is a need for performance metrics-driven analogy retrieval that is currently unmet. Towards meeting this need, a study has been done to investigate and propose frameworks for organizing the myriad technical performance metrics in engineering design, such as measures of efficiency. Such organizational frameworks are needed for the implementation of a computational tool which can retrieve relevant analogies using performance metrics. The study, which takes a deductive approach, defines a hierarchical taxonomy of performance metrics akin to the functional basis vocabulary of function and flow terms. Its derivation follows from bond graphs, control theory, and Design for X guidelines.

Teaching Tools for Teachers: An Engineering Design Project to Enhance Science and Mathematics Education for Middle/High School Students

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhijit Nagchaudhuri ◽  
Harold M. Conway
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Service Learning ◽  
Engineering Education ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Outcome Evaluation ◽  
School Students ◽  
Design Project ◽  
Engineering Mechanics ◽  
And Mathematics

Abstract With the approach of the new millennium and the emergence of the global market, significant restructuring of university education in general, and science and engineering education in particular, is taking place with the objective of preparing the students for the new social and economic order. The paradigm shift and emerging trends in engineering education demand a holistic integration of “soft” and “technical” skills. There is also an emphasis on “educational outcomes” as evidenced by student design projects and other outcome evaluation criteria. “Service-Learning”, an approach that endeavors to integrate “community service” and “student learning” has found wide acceptance in the Humanities and Social Sciences. Implemented in a novel and creative fashion, it may well provide an effective pedagogical tool consistent with the new paradigm of engineering education. The design project described in this paper integrates both “Service-Learning” and “Design Project” requirements in the first course in “Engineering Mechanics” offered at the University of Maryland Eastern Shore (UMES), Engineering Program. One of the desired “outcomes” of the course is that the student not only understands the theory as discussed in class but also learns to apply the knowledge to develop and design engineering products useful for the society. The project demonstrates the development of a device that visually reinforces concepts related to Newton’s laws of motion and mechanical advantage in simple machines (lever arms, pulley systems, and springs), in consultation with a science and mathematics teacher in a local high school. In the future, the device will be utilized in the school and benefit education efforts not only at the high school level but also in the elementary and middle schools. It is anticipated that it will also help introduce the field of Engineering to school students. During the implementation of the project, other learning outcomes were accomplished in concert with the demonstration of application of engineering mechanics and providing service to the community. The student has reflected that the project has helped him in realizing the “role” of the customer in engineering design, developing a clear perception of constraints in space, time and budget in implementing projects, and improving communication skills. It has also given him a better appreciation of the role of engineering in society and helped his inner growth as an individual and a citizen.

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