scholarly journals Use of Case Studies and a Systematic Analysis Tool to Engage Undergraduate Bioengineering Students in Ethics Education

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyssa Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Ethics Education ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Systematic Analysis

scholarly journals Fit for public consumption? An exploratory study of the reporting of nutrition research in UK tabloids with regard to its accuracy, and a preliminary investigation of public attitudes towards it

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1124-1131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea J Basu ◽  
Elaine Hogard
Keyword(s):  
Focus Groups ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Nutrition Research ◽  
Public Consumption ◽  
Significant Research

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the quality (accuracy, balance, practical context) of tabloid articles reporting on nutrition research, and public attitudes towards it.DesignA qualitative multi-method study consisting of a systematic analysis of tabloid articles and a series of focus groups with members of the public.SettingTabloid newspapers (nationwide). Focus groups were conducted at a UK university.SubjectsAll UK tabloid newspapers were collated for a full calendar month. Members of the local Women’s Institute and non-teaching staff within the University College Chester were recruited as focus group participants.ResultsTwenty-nine tabloid articles were included. A standardised TAT (Tabloid Analysis Tool) was used a total of thirty-nine times (once for each research study cited). Twenty-six failed to accurately report research results, thirty-six failed to mention significant research limitations, and only five quoted a third-party expert source. Two focus groups, each with eight participants, were conducted. Attitudes expressed were largely negative, highlighting elements of confusion and scepticism. Articles were more likely to be disregarded than acted upon, although some value was attached to newspapers providing nutrition information.ConclusionsTabloid reporting on nutrition research is not sufficiently accurate, balanced or contextualised, and public attitudes towards the reporting are not wholly favourable. Guidance for journalists via registered dietitians and a strengthening of present links could serve to utilise this form of mass media more effectively.

scholarly journals On the nature of rainfall intermittency as revealed by different metrics and sampling approaches

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 355-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Mascaro ◽  
R. Deidda ◽  
M. Hellies
Keyword(s):  
Scale Invariance ◽  
Weather Forecasting ◽  
Rainfall Variability ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Rainfall Occurrence ◽  
Frontal Systems ◽  
Intensity Fluctuations ◽  
The Time Domain

Abstract. A general consensus on the concept of rainfall intermittency has not yet been reached, and intermittency is often attributed to different aspects of rainfall variability, including the fragmentation of the rainfall support (i.e., the alternation of wet and dry intervals) and the strength of intensity fluctuations and bursts. To explore these different aspects, a systematic analysis of rainfall intermittency properties in the time domain is presented using high-resolution (1-min) data recorded by a network of 201 tipping-bucket gauges covering the entire island of Sardinia (Italy). Four techniques, including spectral and scale invariance analysis, and computation of clustering and intermittency exponents, are applied to quantify the contribution of the alternation of dry and wet intervals (i.e., the rainfall support fragmentation), and the fluctuations of intensity amplitudes, to the overall intermittency of the rainfall process. The presence of three ranges of scaling regimes between 1 min to ~ 45 days is first demonstrated. In accordance with past studies, these regimes can be associated with a range dominated by single storms, a regime typical of frontal systems, and a transition zone. The positions of the breaking points separating these regimes change with the applied technique, suggesting that different tools explain different aspects of rainfall variability. Results indicate that the intermittency properties of rainfall support are fairly similar across the island, while metrics related to rainfall intensity fluctuations are characterized by significant spatial variability, implying that the local climate has a significant effect on the amplitude of rainfall fluctuations and minimal influence on the process of rainfall occurrence. In addition, for each analysis tool, evidence is shown of spatial patterns of the scaling exponents computed in the range of frontal systems. These patterns resemble the main pluviometric regimes observed on the island and, thus, can be associated with the corresponding synoptic circulation patterns. Last but not least, we demonstrate how the methodology adopted to sample the rainfall signal from the records of the tipping instants can significantly affect the intermittency analysis, especially at smaller scales. The multifractal scale invariance analysis is the only tool that is insensitive to the sampling approach. Results of this work may be useful to improve the calibration of stochastic algorithms used to downscale coarse rainfall predictions of climate and weather forecasting models, as well as the parameterization of intensity-duration-frequency curves, adopted for land planning and design of civil infrastructures.

scholarly journals Roadmapping the Transition to Water Resource Recovery Facilities: The Two Demonstration Case Studies of Corleone and Marineo (Italy)

Water ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 156
Author(s):  
Giorgio Mannina ◽  
Luigi Badalucco ◽  
Lorenzo Barbara ◽  
Alida Cosenza ◽  
Daniele Di Trapani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Resource Recovery ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Great Chance

The current exploitation of freshwater, as well as the significant increase in sewage sludge production from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), represent nowadays a critical issue for the implementation of sustainable development consistent with the circular economy concept. There is an urgent need to rethink the concept of WWTPs from the conventional approach consisting in pollutant removal plants to water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs). The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the demonstration case studies at the Marineo and Corleone WRRFs in Sicily (IT), with the final aim showing the effectiveness of the resources recovery systems, as well as the importance of plant optimization to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from WRRFs. This study is part of the H2020 European Project “Achieving wider uptake of water-smart solutions—Wider-Uptake”, which final aim is to demonstrate the water-smart solution feasibility in the wastewater sector. The main project goal is to overcome the existing barriers that hamper the transition to circularity through the implementation of a governance analysis tool. The preliminary actions in the two demonstration cases are first presented, while, subsequently, the water-smart solutions to be implemented are thoroughly described, highlighting their roles in the transition process. The achieved preliminary results underlined the significant potential of WRRF application, a great chance to demonstrate the feasibility of innovative solutions in the wastewater sector to overcome the existing social, administrative and technical barriers.

scholarly journals Case Study as a Research Method for Analyzing MOOCs

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramón Montes-Rodríguez ◽  
Juan Bautista Martínez-Rodríguez ◽  
Almudena Ocaña-Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Case Study Methodology ◽  
Scientific Databases ◽  
Study Methodology ◽  
The Many

Educational research is one of the many fields of knowledge that frequently use case studies as a research method, particularly when applying an interpretive approach. Based on literature reviews and a systematic analysis of current scientific literature, this paper examines the prevalence and characteristics of the case study as a methodology for research on MOOCs. Ninety-two documents were selected from the search results returned by two of the most prestigious scientific databases: Web of Science (WOS) and SCOPUS. Findings showed that (a) even when searching solely for case studies, quantitative research paradigms were more prevalent than interpretive approaches; (b) geographical distribution of these studies was partially biased; (c) case studies were less prevalent in these databases than other empirical investigations on MOOCs; (d) the data collection and data analysis methods most frequently used in the case studies were more aligned with a quantitative approach; and (e) there is still very little instructor-focused research using this methodology. In the light of these findings and their discussion, future directions for research using case study methodology are proposed, given the potential of this method to illustrate certain issues for which other approaches have proved inadequate or insufficient.

scholarly journals The Ocean Version of the Lagrangian Analysis Tool LAGRANTO

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 1723-1741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Schemm ◽  
Aleksi Nummelin ◽  
Nils Gunnar Kvamstø ◽  
Øyvind Breivik
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Potential Temperature ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Lagrangian Analysis ◽  
Ocean Reanalysis ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
First Case ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractThe Lagrangian Analysis Tool (LAGRANTO) is adopted and applied to ECMWF’s latest ocean reanalysis. The primary motivation behind this study is to introduce and document LAGRANTO Ocean (LAGRANTO.ocean) and explore its capabilities in combination with an eddy-permitting ocean reanalysis. The tool allows for flexibly defining starting points, within circles, cylinders, or any user-defined region or volume. LAGRANTO.ocean also offers a sophisticated way to refine a set of computed trajectories according to a wide range of mathematical operations that can be combined into a single refinement criterion. Tools for calculating—for example, along-trajectory cross sections or trajectory densities—are further provided. After introducing the tool, three case studies are presented, which were chosen to reflect a selection of phenomena on different spatial and temporal scales. The case studies also serve as hands-on examples. For the first case study, at the mesoscale, ocean trajectories are computed during the formation of a Gulf Stream cold-core ring to study vertical motion in the developing eddy. In the second example, source waters are traced to the East Greenland Spill Jet. This example highlights the usefulness of a Lagrangian method for identifying sources or sinks of buoyancy. The third example, on annual time scales, focuses on the temporal evolution of extreme potential temperature anomalies in the South Pacific and the memory of the involved water parcels. Near-surface trajectories reveal that it takes approximately 5 months after the highest temperature anomaly before the involved water parcels cool to their climatological mean values at their new positions. LAGRANTO.ocean will be made publicly available.

scholarly journals The PHA Depolymerase Engineering Database: A systematic analysis tool for the diverse family of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) depolymerases

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Knoll ◽  
Thomas M Hamm ◽  
Florian Wagner ◽  
Virginia Martinez ◽  
Jürgen Pleiss
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Pha Depolymerase ◽  
Engineering Database

scholarly journals MANAGING REDUNDANCY AND CONFLICTS IN DISTRIBUTED FIREWALLS

2014 ◽  
pp. 120-125
Author(s):  
MS. KRUTHI K. KUMAR ◽  
MRS. SHANTHI M.B. ◽  
DR. JITENDRANATH MUNGARA
Keyword(s):  
Service Oriented Architecture ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Visualization Technique ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Management Framework ◽  
Policy Conflicts ◽  
Service Oriented ◽  
Policy Anomalies ◽  
Grid Based

The use of firewall has been widespread in all the emerging technologies such as Service Oriented Architecture, web services, cloud computing and so on. The term security itself is the most important task that has to be maintained in the real-time applications. Policies are enrolled in the security of the firewall where the quality of policies is to be maintained. The network administrator defines the policy as a rule. Managing the firewall policies, maintaining the risk analysis and also the conflicting nature that arise in the network, lack of systematic analysis mechanisms and tools used are often error prone. The distributed firewall is used to overcome the shortcomings of the traditional firewall. In this paper we represent a set of techniques such as, rule-based segmentation technique to identify the policy anomalies and effectively derive the anomaly resolution. Grid-based visualization technique, provide the policy anomaly information in a grid form, which helps in identifying the policy conflicts and finally the techniques to resolve the conflicts and the redundancy that arise in a single- or multi-firewall environment. We also discuss about the implementation of the visualization-based firewall policy analysis tool called Firewall Anomaly Management Framework (FAME), where all the techniques are used in a single tool and an approach to resolve the anomalies in an effective and efficient way.

scholarly journals Identifying hot spots for harm and blind spots across the care pathway from patient complaints about general practice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily O’Dowd ◽  
Sinéad Lydon ◽  
Kathryn Lambe ◽  
Chris Rudland ◽  
Aoife Hilton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
Hot Spots ◽  
Care Pathway ◽  
Blind Spot ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Blind Spots

Abstract Introduction Healthcare complaints are underutilized for quality improvement in general practice. Systematic analysis of complaints has identified hot spots (areas across the care pathway where issues occur frequently) and blind spots (areas across the care pathway that cannot be observed by staff) in secondary care. The Healthcare Complaints Analysis Tool (HCAT) has been adapted to the HCAT(GP). Aims This study aimed to: (i) assess whether the HCAT(GP) can systematically analyze complaints about general practice; and (ii) identify hot spots and blind spots in general practice. Methods GP complaints were sampled. Complaints were coded with the HCAT(GP), classified by HCAT(GP) category (e.g. Safety, Environment, Listening), stage of care (e.g. accessing care, referral/follow-up), severity (e.g. low, medium, high), and harm (e.g. none, major). Descriptive statistics were run to identify discrete issues. A chi-square test of independence identified hot spots, and logistic regression was used for blind spots. Results A total of 230 complaints, encompassing 432 issues (i.e. unique problems within complaints), were categorized. Relationship issues (e.g. problems with listening, communication, and patient rights) emerged most frequently (n = 174, 40%). Hot spots were identified in the consultation and the referral/follow-up stages (χ 2(5, n = 432) = 17.931, P < 0.05). A blind spot for multiple issues was identified, with the likelihood of harm increasing with number of issues (odds ratio = 2.02, confidence interval = 1.27–3.23, P < 0.05). Conclusions Complaints are valuable data for improving general practice. This study demonstrated that the HCAT(GP) can support the systematic analysis of general practice complaints, and identify hot spots and blind spots in care.

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