scholarly journals Innate trypanolytic factors in triatomine hemolymph against Trypanosoma rangeli and T. cruzi: a comparative study in eight Chagas disease vectors

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (170) ◽  
pp. 88-104
Author(s):  
Yazmin Suárez-Quevedo ◽  
Hamilton Julián Barbosa-Vinasco ◽  
Sneider Alexander Gutiérrez-Garnizo ◽  
Jenny Lorena Olaya-Morales ◽  
Daniel Zabala-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Lytic Activity ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Trypanosoma Rangeli ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Lysis Activity ◽  
Triatomine Species ◽  
Laboratory Colonies

There is limited information about the innate immunity of triatomines against Trypanosoma rangeli, an infectious, non-pathogenic human parasite, and T. cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas’ disease. This study aimed at addressing this gap by studying the in vitro trypanolytic hemolymph activity from insects not infected by T. rangeli or T. cruzi. Eight triatomine species were examined including Rhodnius prolixus, R. robustus, R. colombiensis, R. pallescens, R. pictipes, Triatoma dimidiata, T. maculata, and Panstrongylus geniculatus. The hemolymph of R. prolixus and R. robustus laboratory colonies demonstrated strong trypanolytic activity during the first 14 hours of parasite incubation with 81% lysis for the T. rangeli C genotype, 90% for the E genotype, 95% for T. cruzi discrete taxonomic unit (DTU) TcII, 94% for TcV, 96% for TcVI, 94% for Tcbat, and 90% for Tcmarinkellei. No lysis activity was detected 14 or 24 hours after parasite incubation with the hemolymph of insects from R. pictipes R. pallescens, P. geniculatus, and T. maculata colonies. Identical results (absence of lysis) were observed using hemolymph from R. colombiensis and T. dimidiata laboratory colonies and specimens captured in sylvatic environments. The hemolymph lytic activity against recently obtained cultures (95% decrease in live parasite count) and long-term T. cruzi TcII ones (96% decrease) was similar. Lytic activity was similar in hemolymph from R. prolixus nymphs, males and females and insects fed on chicken or mouse blood. This is the first comparative study of the trypanolytic activity of hemolymph from different triatomine species against T. rangeli and T. cruzi genotypes. Although the chemical structures of such lysis factors and the mechanisms determining their expression have not been fully determined, their identification furthers our understanding of triatomines’ innate immunity and their role in Trypanosoma transmission.

scholarly journals Potential Distribution of Chagas Disease Vectors (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae) in Colombia, Based on Ecological Niche Modeling

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Parra-Henao ◽  
Laura C. Suárez-Escudero ◽  
Sebastián González-Caro
Keyword(s):  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Sierra Nevada ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Ecological Niche ◽  
Ecological Niche Modeling ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Niche Modeling ◽  
Triatomine Species ◽  
Local Risk ◽  
And Control

Ecological niche modeling of Triatominae bugs allow us to establish the local risk of transmission of the parasiteTrypanosoma cruzi,which causes Chagas disease.This information could help to guide health authority recommendations on infection monitoring, prevention, and control. In this study, we estimated the geographic distribution of triatomine species in Colombia and identified the relationship between landscape structure and climatic factors influencing their occurrence. A total of 2451 records of 4 triatomine species (Panstrongylus geniculatus,Rhodnius pallescens,R. prolixus, andTriatoma maculata) were analyzed.The variables that provided more information to explain the ecologic niche of these vectors were related to precipitation, altitude, and temperature. We found that the species with the broadest potential geographic distribution wereP. geniculatus,R. pallescens, andR. prolixus. In general, the models predicted the highest occurrence probability of these vectors in the eastern slope of the Eastern Cordillera, the southern region of the Magdalena valley, and the Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta.

Trypanosoma cruzi and Chagas Disease: Innate Immunity, ROS, and Cardiovascular System

2016 ◽  
pp. 183-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert B. Tanowitz ◽  
Jian-jun Wen ◽  
Fabiana S. Machado ◽  
Mahalia S. Desruisseaux ◽  
Carlos Robello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Chagas Disease

scholarly journals Innate immunity and regulatory T-cells in human Chagas disease: what must be understood?

2009 ◽  
Vol 104 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 246-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Sathler-Avelar ◽  
Danielle Marquete Vitelli-Avelar ◽  
Andréa Teixeira-Carvalho ◽  
Olindo Assis Martins-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immunity ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Regulatory T Cells ◽  
Chagas Disease

scholarly journals First Report ofAprostocetus asthenogmus(Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) in South America and Parasitizing Eggs of Triatominae Vectors of Chagas Disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudiney Biral dos Santos ◽  
Marcelo Teixeira Tavares ◽  
Gustavo Rocha Leite ◽  
Adelson Luiz Ferreira ◽  
Leonardo de Souza Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Triatoma Infestans ◽  
Disease Vectors ◽  
Parasitoid Species ◽  
Triatomine Species ◽  
Chagas Disease Vectors ◽  
First Time

We report for the first time the parasitism of eggs of two triatomine Chagas disease vectors,Triatoma infestansandT. vitticeps, by the microhymenopterous parasitoidAprostocetus asthenogmus. We also describe the first identification of this parasitoid in South America.A. asthenogmuswere captured near unparasitized triatomine colonies in the municipality of Vitória, state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, and placed into pots with recently laid triatomine eggs. After 24 days, we observed wasps emerging fromT. infestansandT. vitticepseggs. Several characteristics of this parasitoid species suggest that it could be a potential biological control agent of triatomine species.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Green and Synthetic Polymers for Enhanced Oil Recovery

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2429
Author(s):  
Nasiru Salahu Muhammed ◽  
Md. Bashirul Haq ◽  
Dhafer Al-Shehri ◽  
Mohammad Mizanur Rahaman ◽  
Alireza Keshavarz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Enhanced Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Polymer Flood ◽  
Hydrolyzed Polyacrylamide ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Inaccessible Pore Volume ◽  
Petrochemical Engineering

Several publications by authors in the field of petrochemical engineering have examined the use of chemically enhanced oil recovery (CEOR) technology, with a specific interest in polymer flooding. Most observations thus far in this field have been based on the application of certain chemicals and/or physical properties within this technique regarding the production of 50–60% trapped (residual) oil in a reservoir. However, there is limited information within the literature about the combined effects of this process on whole properties (physical and chemical). Accordingly, in this work, we present a clear distinction between the use of xanthan gum (XG) and hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) as a polymer flood, serving as a background for future studies. XG and HPAM have been chosen for this study because of their wide acceptance in relation to EOR processes. To this degree, the combined effect of a polymer’s rheological properties, retention, inaccessible pore volume (PV), permeability reduction, polymer mobility, the effects of salinity and temperature, and costs are all investigated in this study. Further, the generic screening and design criteria for a polymer flood with emphasis on XG and HPAM are explained. Finally, a comparative study on the conditions for laboratory (experimental), pilot-scale, and field-scale application is presented.

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