Research Insights: How Does Residential Segregation Shape Economic Inequality, and What Can Policymakers Do about It?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Pablo Chauvin ◽  
Julián Messina
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Residential Segregation ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Economic Inequality ◽  
Economic Opportunity ◽  
Housing Supply ◽  
Improve Access

In Latin America, average wages vary greatly between countries richest and poorest regions. Differences in average wages across neighborhoods of the same city are even more significant. Residential segregation reduces access to economic opportunity. Families in less accessible neighborhoods spend more time and money commuting, are less likely to apply to distant jobs, and are more likely to remain unemployed if they lose their job. Public transportation investments can help to improve access to economic opportunity and reduce inequality in segregated cities if they are combined with zoning policies that allow for flexible housing supply in beneficiary neighborhoods.

Inequality progress key to aid Chile long-term growth

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Pension Reform ◽  
Economic Inequality ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Economic Commission ◽  
The Caribbean

Subject Social and economic inequality. Significance After its progress in reducing poverty, highlighted by a recent report of the UN Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), Chile faces the complex and socially divisive challenge of tackling its deep-rooted economic and social inequalities. Impacts The key problem in addressing poverty will be its concentration in specific groups of the population. Some of the government’s planned reforms, such as pension reform, would help to improve income distribution. The outcome of the government’s Country Undertaking initiative will depend on its ability to implement the resulting ideas.

Housing Supply and Residential Segregation in Ireland

Urban Studies ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 47 (14) ◽  
pp. 2983-3012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoua M. Vang
Keyword(s):  
Residential Segregation ◽  
Housing Supply

scholarly journals Spatial multicriteria model to analyze residential segregation in the colonias of El Paso, Texas

DECUMANUS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 97-119
Author(s):  
Adrián Botello Mares ◽  
Erick Sánchez Flores
Keyword(s):  
Residential Segregation ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
El Paso ◽  
Central Business District ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Business District

Residential segregation, as an expression of the socio-economic differences of the population in the territory, is a phenomenon that has been studied from different perspectives, since segregation spaces manifest themselves in different ways, depending on the socio-cultural context in which they occur. However, having tools that allow its systematic identification and characterization, facilitates its approach as public policy spaces, for the improvement of the population’s living conditions. In this paper, we present the conceptual and methodological bases to approach the phenomenon of residential segregation from a set of spatial variables that explain objectively its distribution, using a multicriteria evaluation model. Particularly, we analyzed the case of study of the border city of El Paso, Texas, and its colonias, considering basic services, accessibility and population characteristics variables, derived from 2015 census data. Results show the highest concentration of residential segregation in the so-called colonias, because of the income conditions, below the poverty line, the distance from the central business district of the city, the lack of public transportation routes, and the deficiencies in residential services. The spatially expressed segregation variables allow for a better understanding of the phenomenon in measurable terms.

scholarly journals How do perceptions of inequality and opportunity affect preferences for redistribution?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ugur Yildirim
Keyword(s):  
Voting Behavior ◽  
Economic Inequality ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Economic Opportunity ◽  
Survey Experiment ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Online Data ◽  
Preferences For Redistribution ◽  
Government Involvement ◽  
Perceptions Of Inequality

Americans’ distributional preferences are known to influence their political and voting behavior, but we do not know enough about the determinants of those preferences. How do perceptions of economic inequality and economic opportunity influence redistributive preferences? I answer this question using an innovative survey experiment that jointly manipulates perceptions of economic inequality and economic opportunity. The treatments are administered in the form of videos using a new ask-then-tell design, and the sample is gathered from a novel, high-quality source of online data. I find that receiving pessimistic information about inequality makes respondents more pessimistic about the state of inequality and more supportive of government involvement; on the other hand, the addition of pessimistic information about opportunity does not lead to any more concern for inequality or support for redistribution when pessimistic information about inequality is already present. Implications for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Assessment of highway infrastructure projects in Latin America and Perú from the competences point of view

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1537-1546
Author(s):  
Germán Gallardo Zevallos ◽  
Tatiana Machicao ◽  
María Josée Martínez-Echevarría Romero
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Project Managers ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Infrastructure Projects ◽  
The Public ◽  
Development Scenarios ◽  
The Right

AbstractIt is stressed that Latin America and Perú should become more competitive. Under the actual development scenarios, attention to competences of programme managers and project managers related to public transportation infrastructure projects has risen substantially.An inefficient bureaucratic system is related with deficiencies of people skills and competences. On the other hand, an excellent system demands quality of the system and quality of people working in it.Thus, it is important to have excellence in administration and excellent administrators in the public sector. Three main lacking elements have been identified: i) lack of good education; ii) absence of fair salaries in the public sector; and iii) lack of incentives. Many misconceptions and disputed consequences have been observed and analyzed. It is clear that there is lack of competence among infrastructure transport project managers and teams, which causes trouble with the main goal of Peru getting benefits from these investments and achieving sustainable development. Furthermore, the right way to achieve these benefits is through a new model of education for project managers and programme managers in Perú. This education should be based more on competences than on qualifications. Thus, the International Project Management Association (IPMA) competence baseline, which is the standard that best fits to these needs, needs to be implemented to achieve the real contribution and benefits of these projects to society.

scholarly journals Education Reform: What Is Really Achieved by Trying to Close Achievement Gaps?

2021 ◽  
Vol 121 ◽  
pp. 77-84
Author(s):  
John Schlueter
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Education Reform ◽  
Educational Reform ◽  
Economic Reform ◽  
Educational Achievement ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Economic Inequality ◽  
Economic Opportunity ◽  
Cause And Effect ◽  
History Of

In this article, I trace the history of the substitution of education reform for economic reform in order to ask, and answer, this question: why do we continue to imagine that (higher) education is where we, finally, achieve equality?  The substitution of education reform for economic reform begins in the early 1960’s with the landmark “Coleman Report.”  I argue that this report, and others that followed, show conclusively that economic inequality simply reproduces itself, and no amount of educational reform can make up for its devastating effects.  However, at this very same time, education reformers begin to believe that educational “achievement” is the cause of increased economic opportunity and equality, rather than an effect of (un)equal economic status.  This confusion of cause and effect not only distracts us from meaningful economic reform, it also puts tremendous pressure on teachers and institutions. Finally, and fatally, substituting educational reform for economic reform remakes equality itself into something that is earned rather than given. 

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