scholarly journals From transmission to evolution: low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) H9N2 evolving under poultry vaccination

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongrui Cui
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽  
Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza

Differential innate responses of chickens and ducks to low-pathogenic avian influenza

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 519-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. W. J. Cornelissen ◽  
J. Post ◽  
B. Peeters ◽  
L. Vervelde ◽  
J. M. J. Rebel
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽  
Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza

Interspecies transmission and limited persistence of low pathogenic avian influenza genomes among Alaska dabbling ducks

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2004-2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew B. Reeves ◽  
John M. Pearce ◽  
Andrew M. Ramey ◽  
Brandt W. Meixell ◽  
Jonathan A. Runstadler
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Interspecies Transmission ◽  
Dabbling Ducks ◽  
Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽  
Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza

scholarly journals Detection of Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses in Wild Ducks from Canada: Comparison of Two Sampling Methods

2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 466-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Jane Parmley ◽  
Catherine Soos ◽  
André Breault ◽  
Madeleine Fortin ◽  
Emily Jenkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Avian Influenza Viruses ◽  
Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽  
Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza

Opposite outcomes of the within-host competition between highly and low pathogenic H5N8 avian influenza viruses in chickens compared to ducks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Bessière ◽  
Thomas Figueroa ◽  
Amelia Coggon ◽  
Charlotte Foret-Lucas ◽  
Alexandre Houffschmitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Reverse Genetics ◽  
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽  
Viral Evolution ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Avian Influenza Viruses ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽  
Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza

Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIV) emerge from low pathogenic avian influenza viruses (LPAIV) through the introduction of basic amino acids at the hemagglutinin (HA) cleavage site. Following viral evolution, the newly formed HPAIV likely represents a minority variant within the index host, predominantly infected with the LPAIV precursor. Using reverse-genetics engineered H5N8 viruses differing solely at the HA cleavage, we tested the hypothesis that the interaction between the minority HPAIV and the majority LPAIV could modulate the risk of HPAIV emergence and that the nature of the interaction could depend on the host species. In chickens, we observed that the H5N8 LP increased H5N8 HP replication and pathogenesis. By contrast, the H5N8 LP antagonized H5N8 HP replication and pathogenesis in ducks. Ducks mounted a more potent antiviral innate immune response than chickens against the H5N8 LP , which correlated with H5N8 HP inhibition. These data provide experimental evidence that HPAIV may be more likely to emerge in chickens than in ducks and underscore the importance of within-host viral variants interactions in viral evolution. IMPORTANCE Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses represent a threat to poultry production systems and to human health because of their impact on food security and because of their zoonotic potential. It is therefore crucial to better understand how these viruses emerge. Using a within-host competition model between highly and low pathogenic avian influenza viruses, we provide evidence that highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses could be more likely to emerge in chickens than in ducks. These results have important implications for highly pathogenic avian influenza virus emergence prevention and they underscore the importance of within-host viral variants interactions in virus evolution.

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