scholarly journals Fragmentación de la Red Natura 2000 por infraestructuras viarias de transporte en Mallorca

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 329
Author(s):  
R. Rosselló-Melis ◽  
J. Lorenzo-Lacruz
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Fragmentation ◽  
External Disturbance ◽  
Natura 2000 ◽  
Balearic Islands ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Dispersal Capacity ◽  
Biodiversity Crisis ◽  
The North ◽  
La Red ◽  
Degree Of Fragmentation

Habitat fragmentation is considered a main cause of the global biodiversity crisis. Particularly, the presence of linear transport infrastructures is one of the main causes of habitat fragmentation and its effects represent a threat to the diversity and richness of habitats and to the dispersal capacity of species. This study assesses the state of fragmentation of Natura 2000 habitats (LIC and ZEPA) on Mallorca (Balearic Islands) and analyses its relationship with the presence of road infrastructures, through application of different physiographic and morphometric indicators. The analysis shows a higher degree of fragmentation in the Natura 2000 habitats located in north of Mallorca and the western sector of the Tramuntana mountain range. Those are also more vulnerable to external disturbance, due to a higher proportion of edge habitat in relation to interior habitat. The average use of roads that intersect with protected areas is 5500 vehicles per day. However, the main affectations caused by traffic are concentrated in specific sectors of the Tramuntana range and in the north of the island (Pollença bay, Alcúdia bay and Artá) where the average use is higher than 10,000 vehicles per day.

scholarly journals PREGRIDBAL 1.0: towards a high resolution rainfall atlas for the Balearic Islands (1950–2009)

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toni López Mayol ◽  
Víctor Homar ◽  
Climent Ramis ◽  
José Antonio Guijarro
Keyword(s):  
Daily Precipitation ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Grid Point ◽  
Data File ◽  
Balearic Islands ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Climate Trends ◽  
The North ◽  
Daily Data ◽  
Almost All

Abstract. This work presents a catalog of daily precipitation in the Balearic Islands created with data from AEMET assistant observers, including registers since 1912. The original digital daily data file has been interpolated onto a regular 100 m resolution grid (namely PREGRIDBAL), defined with the aim of becoming a valid standard for future methodological improvements and catalog upgrades. Daily precipitation amounts on each grid-point are calculated using an analysis method based on ordinary Kriging, using the daily anomaly with respect to the annual mean for all available observations each day. Due to quality concerns, the time span for products derived from the catalogue is limited to the 1950–2009 period. Therefore, from the elementary daily maps, monthly-, annual-, quinquennial-, and decadal-accumulations are produced. Similarly, the catalog allowed for quantification of climate trends in rainfall amounts in the Balearic Islands, with the significant advantage of minimising the biases originated from heterogeneities in the spatial distribution of stations across the archipelago. Results show a general decrease in precipitation during the 1950–2009 period. From 1950 to 1979, the average annual precipitation across the islands was 624,3 mm, while from 1980 to 2009 diminished to 555,36 mm. Changes in precipitation patterns, which vary among the different areas, are also detected. Most significant reductions (over 80 % significance on the trend) are found in the north half of the archipelago and especially in Mallorca, where the Tramuntana mountain range stands out. All seasonal trends show a decrease, with values ranging between 1 and 3 mm per decade, with the exception of autumn, which reaches up to 7 mm per decade. October shows the most dramatic decrease (−10,34 mm per decade) and, conversely, September and November show an increase in precipitation (3,28 and 1,82 mm per decade, respectively) with a statistical significance above 85 % in almost all the archipelago, and even exceeding 95 % in the Pitiüses.

scholarly journals A captorhinid-dominated assemblage from the palaeoequatorial Permian of Menorca (Balearic Islands, western Mediterranean)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Rafel MATAMALES-ANDREU ◽  
Francesc X. ROIG-MUNAR ◽  
Oriol OMS ◽  
Àngel GALOBART ◽  
Josep FORTUNY
Keyword(s):  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Balearic Islands ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Lower Permian ◽  
Incertae Sedis ◽  
The North ◽  
Low Latitudes ◽  
High Fibre ◽  
Successful Group ◽  
Neighbouring Island

ABSTRACT Moradisaurine captorhinid eureptiles were a successful group of high-fibre herbivores that lived in the arid low latitudes of Pangaea during the Permian. Here we describe a palaeoassemblage from the Permian of Menorca (Balearic Islands, western Mediterranean), consisting of ichnites of small captorhinomorph eureptiles, probably moradisaurines (Hyloidichnus), and parareptiles (cf. Erpetopus), and bones of two different taxa of moradisaurines. The smallest of the two is not diagnostic beyond Moradisaurinae incertae sedis. The largest one, on the other hand, shows characters that are not present in any other known species of moradisaurine (densely ornamented maxillar teeth), and it is therefore described as Balearosaurus bombardensis gen. et sp. nov. Other remains found in the same outcrop are identified as cf. Balearosaurus bombardensis gen. et sp. nov., as they could also belong to the newly described taxon. This species is sister to the moradisaurine from the lower Permian of the neighbouring island of Mallorca, and is also closely related to the North American genus Rothianiscus. This makes it possible to suggest the hypothesis that the Variscan mountains, which separated North America from southern Europe during the Permian, were not a very important palaeobiogeographical barrier to the dispersion of moradisaurines. In fact, mapping all moradisaurine occurrences known so far, it is shown that their distribution area encompassed both sides of the Variscan mountains, essentially being restricted to the arid belt of palaeoequatorial Pangaea, where they probably outcompeted other herbivorous clades until they died out in the late Permian.

Trends and Variability of North American Cool-Season Extratropical Cyclones: 1979–2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Fritzen ◽  
Victoria Lang ◽  
Vittorio A. Gensini
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Extratropical Cyclones ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
The North ◽  
Primary Driver ◽  
Regional Reanalysis ◽  
Log Linear

AbstractExtratropical cyclones are the primary driver of sensible weather conditions across the mid-latitudes of North America, often generating various types of precipitation, gusty non-convective winds, and severe convective storms throughout portions of the annual cycle. Given ongoing modifications of the zonal atmospheric thermal gradient due to anthropogenic forcing, analyzing the historical characteristics of these systems presents an important research question. Using the North American Regional Reanalysis, boreal cool-season (October–April) extratropical cyclones for the period 1979–2019 were identified, tracked, and classified based on their genesis location. Additionally, bomb cyclones—extratropical cyclones that recorded a latitude normalized pressure fall of 24 hPa in 24-hr—were identified and stratified for additional analysis. Cyclone lifespan across the domain exhibits a log-linear relationship, with 99% of all cyclones tracked lasting less than 8 days. On average, ≈ 270 cyclones were tracked across the analysis domain per year, with an average of ≈ 18 year−1 being classified as bomb cyclones. The average number of cyclones in the analysis domain has decreased in the last 20 years from 290 year−1 during the period 1979–1999 to 250 year−1 during the period 2000–2019. Spatially, decreasing trends in the frequency of cyclone track counts were noted across a majority of the analysis domain, with the most significant decreases found in Canada’s Northwest Territories, Colorado, and east of the Graah mountain range. No significant interannual or spatial trends were noted with bomb cyclone frequency.

The Invasion of Plague in Early Modern Italy

2019 ◽  
pp. 23-50
Author(s):  
John Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Reggio Emilia ◽  
Health Board ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Physical Barrier ◽  
The North ◽  
Early Modern Italy ◽  
The Dead

This chapter discusses the origins and spread of plague in northern Italy. Plague arrived in Italy in 1629 with French and German troops. It is no accident that the initial cases of plague identified in October of 1629 were first in Piedmont in the Val di Susa, west of Turin and near the border with France, and secondly in the Valtellina in Lombardy, subsequently travelling to Lake Como to the north of Milan. Other cities in northern Italy soon became infected and on May 6, 1630, the authorities as far south as Bologna announced the official outbreak of plague. Judging by the rapidity with which plague spread between these northern urban centres, one would have expected the epidemic to have arrived in Tuscany by early May, given that Bologna is only 65 miles north of Florence, but it was delayed by both natural and man-made factors. Tuscany is separated from Reggio-Emilia by the Apennine mountain range, which provided a physical barrier and facilitated the control of traffic coming from the north. The chapter then traces the preventive measures adopted by the health board as the plague approached Tuscany, including cordons sanitaires along frontiers, the removal of the sick to quarantine centres, and the rapid burial of the dead.

scholarly journals Passive imaging of collisional orogens: a review of a decade of geophysical studies in the Pyrénées

2022 ◽  
Vol 193 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Sébastien Chevrot ◽  
Matthieu Sylvander ◽  
Antonio Villaseñor ◽  
Jordi Díaz ◽  
Laurent Stehly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Seismic Signals ◽  
Passive Imaging ◽  
Tomographic Images ◽  
Bouguer Anomalies ◽  
The North ◽  
Eastern Pyrenees ◽  
Collisional Orogens ◽  
Central Pyrenees

This contribution reviews the challenges of imaging collisional orogens, focusing on the example of the Pyrenean domain. Indeed, important progresses have been accomplished regarding our understanding of the architecture of this mountain range over the last decades, thanks to the development of innovative passive imaging techniques, relying on a more thorough exploitation of the information in seismic signals, as well as new seismic acquisitions. New tomographic images provide evidence for continental subduction of Iberian crust beneath the western and central Pyrénées, but not beneath the eastern Pyrénées. Relics of a Cretaceous hyper-extended and segmented rift are found within the North Pyrenean Zone, where the imaged crust is thinner (10–25 km). This zone of thinned crust coincides with a band of positive Bouguer anomalies that is absent in the Eastern Pyrénées. Overall, the new tomographic images provide further support to the idea that the Pyrénées result from the inversion of hyperextended segmented rift systems.

scholarly journals Observation of Shaheen Falcon Falco peregrinus peregrinator (Aves: Falconiformes: Falconidae) in the Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 10850
Author(s):  
Arockianathan Samson ◽  
Balasundaram Ramakrishnan ◽  
Palanisamy Santhoshkumar ◽  
Sivaraj Karthick
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Falco Peregrinus ◽  
The North ◽  
The Nilgiris

A total of 45 sightings of 57 individual Shaheen Falcons were recorded from 2014–2016 from different locations in the Nilgiris mountain range, and eight nests were located on separate rocky cliffs.  Most of the nests (n= 6) were situated at elevations ranging from 1500–2500 m and 45% of the nests were located on the north facing exposures.

scholarly journals Effect of Extreme Weather Events on the Sedimentation of the Bay of Samaná, Dominican Republic (1900–2016)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramón A. Delanoy ◽  
Misael Díaz-Asencio ◽  
Rafael Méndez-Tejeda
Keyword(s):  
Accumulation Rate ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Rainfall Regime ◽  
Mountainous Area ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
Weather Events

The Bay of Samaná, formed by tectonism and sedimentation, is delimited to the north by the peninsula of the same name, to the south by the north slope of the Eastern Mountain Range and Los Haitises National Park, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, and to the west by the ancient Gran Estero, today the Lower Yuna. There follows a process of continuous degradation by the existing tectonic forces and the sediment contributions by the Yuna, Yabón, and La Yeguada rivers to the south as well as by the landslides of the mountainous area of the Samaná Peninsula, during periods of storms and hurricanes. The coastal area of Samaná Bay has altered by 2.17 km2 at the mouth of the Yuna River from 2003–2015. The high turbidity level has affected coral reefs and marine species.  The  mangroves  are  lost  faster  than  they  are  regenerated  by  the  coastline’s change. Variations in the elemental compositions of calcium and iron show the terrigenous influence on the dynamics of the bay during Extreme Weather Events (EWP) in the river basins that flow into it. Abrupt changes in the rainfall regime produced an equal change in the estuary sedimentation regime, according to the 210Pb. In the 2007–2016 period, a column of sediment that reached 38 cm and a 12 cm to 8.4 km column were deposited 4 km southeast of the municipality of Sánchez and east of the mouth of the Yuna River. The Sedimentary Accumulation Rate is very high, and the content of heavy metals exceeds the threshold values of Table SQuirt.

scholarly journals Von Expeditionsberichten zum Führer — die Anfänge der Ratgeber für Riesengebirgereisende an der Jahrhundertwende des 18. zum 19. Jahrhundert

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 33-53
Author(s):  
Jan Pacholski
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Special Role ◽  
The North ◽  
Counter Reformation ◽  
Border Dispute ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nature Studies ◽  
The One ◽  
Travel Accounts

From travel accounts to guidebooks: The beginnings of guidebooks to the Giant Mountains Karkonosze for travellers in the late 18th and early 19th centuryIn the history of European tourism the Giant Mountains Karkonosze occupy a unique place thanks to the Chapel of St. Lawrence, funded by Count Christoph Leopold Schaffgotsch and located on the summit of Śnieżka. Its construction in the Habsburg dominions in the turbulent period of the Counter-Reformation was meant to finally put an end to the Silesian-Bohemian border dispute and become a visible sign of Catholic rule over the highest mountain range of the two neighbouring countries. The construction of the chapel also marked the beginning of tourism in the highest range of the Sudetes; initially, its nature was religious and focused on pilgrimages to the summit of Śnieżka, featuring, in addition to local inhabitants, also sanatorium visitors to Cieplice Warmbrunn, which was owned by the Schaffgotschs.After the three Silesian Wars, as a result of which the lands to the north of the mountains were separated from the Habsburgs’ Kingdom of Bohemia, the situation in the region changed radically. The Counter-Reformation pressure ceased and the Lutherans began to grow in importance, supported as they were by the decidedly pro-Protestant Prussian state, governed by its tolerant monarch.The period was also marked by an unprecedented growth in the literature on the Giant Mountains — there were poems Tralles, nature studies Volkmar and travel accounts GutsMuths, Troschel and others written about the highest range of the Sudetes. A special role among these writings was played by works aimed at introducing the public from the capital Berlin to the new province of the Kingdom of Prussia, especially to the mountains, so exotic from the point of view of the “groves and sands” of Brandenburg. These publications were written primarily by Lutheran clergymen, which was not without significance to the nature of the works. This was also a time when the first guidebooks to the Giant Mountains were written, with many of their authors also coming from the same milieu.What emerges from this image is a kind of confessionalisation of tourism in the highest mountains of Silesia and Bohemia: on the one hand there are mass Catholic pilgrimages and on the other — a new type of individual tourists who, with a book in hand, traverse mountain paths in a decidedly more independent fashion.

scholarly journals Before the Celts: Cosmology, Landscape and Folklore in Neolithic Northwest Iberia

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-45
Author(s):  
Fabio Silva
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Bronze Age ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
The West ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Celtic Studies ◽  
The Bronze Age ◽  
Northwest Iberia

This paper applies a combined landscape and skyscape archaeology methodology to the study of megalithic passage graves in the North-west of the Iberian Peninsula, in an attempt to glimpse the cosmology of these Neolithic Iberians. The reconstructed narrative is found to be supported also by a toponym for a local mountain range and associated folklore, providing an interesting methodology that might be applied in future Celtic studies. The paper uses this data to comment on the ‘Celticization from the West’ hypothesis that posits Celticism originated in the European Atlantic façade during the Bronze Age. If this is the case, then the Megalithic phenomenon that was widespread along the Atlantic façade would have immediately preceded the first Celts.

scholarly journals SPREADING OF BRINE DISCHARGED INTO THE PUCK BAY (SOUTH BALTIC SEA): THEORETICAL STUDY VERSUS FIELD OBSERVATIONS

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (33) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Malgorzata Robakiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Natura 2000 ◽  
Regional Administration ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Shallow Water Body ◽  
Wind Driven Currents ◽  
Oil Company ◽  
North Eastern Part ◽  
Puck Bay

Increasing demands for gas storage capacity encouraged Polish Gas and Oil Company (PGNiG) to make use of salt deposits located in the north-eastern part of Poland, in the area bordering on the Gulf of Gdańsk (South Baltic Sea), and create underground gas stores. A complex of 10 chambers (250x106 m3) was designed to be built at a depth of 800-1600 m. The construction site is located about 4 km away from the sea coast. The drilling of boreholes and diluting of salt rock was proposed as a method of creating the chambers. Owing to ecological reasons, maximum discharge of brine is limited to 300 m3/h with the max. saturation of 250 kg/m3. The Puck Bay is a shallow water body with wind-driven currents and negligible tides. The main difficulty of the investment lay in the effective spreading of brine in the Puck Bay in accordance with all requirements that apply to regions protected by NATURA 2000. The most important restriction was the permitted excess salinity, defined as 0.5 PSU over the natural salinity in the Puck Bay. The location of brine discharge, number and diameters of nozzles, as well as consequences of brine discharge on the Puck Bay water, had been analyzed before the permission to install the system of diffusers was granted by the regional administration. The installation consists of a system of 16 heads spaced every 45 m, each of them equipped with 3 nozzles of 8 mm diameter.

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