scholarly journals Spatio-temporal patterns of meteorological droughts in the Balearic Islands (Spain)

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Lorenzo-Lacruz ◽  
E. Morán-Tejeda
Keyword(s):  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
High Water ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Balearic Islands ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
The South ◽  
The One ◽  
The Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Meteorological Droughts

The Balearic Islands is a region highly prone to suffer meteorological and hydrological droughts, mainly due to the high intra- and inter-annual variability of precipitation, and the high water consumption associated to summer touristic pressure. In this work we aim to characterize the spatial and temporal characteristics of meteorological droughts in the region using a high-density precipitation database for the three main islands. The “Standardized Precipitation Index – SPI” was calculated for each of the 50 precipitation series at the temporal scale of 12 months, which enabled pinpointing in time and space the main drought episodes from 1974 to 2014. Moreover, a Principal Component Analysis performed over the 50 12-month SPI series allowed us to identify two main patterns of drought variability, with a clear spatial distribution. The occurrence of droughts in the northern sector – including the Tramuntana mountain range (Majorca) and Minorca Island – was contrasted and independent to the occurrence of droughts in the southern areas. Similarly, the duration of droughts shows a decreasing trend for the northern region, and a slight increase for the southern stations. Two great drought episodes were identified, with a contrasted spatial propagation: The one in 1988-1991 affected mainly the northern region whereas in the south moist conditions prevailed; and the one occurred in 1999-2001, which affected the whole region but started its propagation from the south, and ended with extreme drought conditions in the eastern part of the territory. Results obtained highlight the need for studies of high spatial resolution in order to accurately assess the spatiotemporal patterns of meteorological droughts.

scholarly journals Analysis of Drought in the Northern Region of Bangladesh Using Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 199-216
Author(s):  
R Afrin ◽  
F Hossain ◽  
SA Mamun
Keyword(s):  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Precipitation Index ◽  
Rainfall Data ◽  
Extreme Drought ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Drought Analysis ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
The Standardized Precipitation Index

Drought is an extended period when a region notes a deficiency in its water supply. The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) method was used in this study to analyze drought. Northern region of Bangladesh was the area of study. Monthly rainfall data of northern region of Bangladesh was obtained from the Meteorological Department of Bangladesh. Obtained rainfall data was from 1991 to 2011 and values from 2012 to 2026 were generated using Markov model. Then SPI values from 1991 to 2026 were calculated by using SPI formula for analyzing drought. Analysis with SPI method showed that droughts in northern region of Bangladesh varied from moderately dry to severely dry conditions and it may vary from moderately dry to severely dry conditions normally in future but in some cases extreme drought may also take place. From the study, it is observed that the northern region of Bangladesh has already experienced severe drought in 1991, 1992, 1994, 1995, 1997, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009 and 2010. The region may experience severe drought in 2012, 2015, 2016, 2018, 2019, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025 and 2026 and extreme drought in 2012, 2014, 2016, 2023 and 2024. J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 11(1-2): 199-216 2018

scholarly journals Future Global Meteorological Drought Hot Spots: A Study Based on CORDEX Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 3635-3661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Spinoni ◽  
Paulo Barbosa ◽  
Edoardo Bucchignani ◽  
John Cassano ◽  
Tereza Cavazos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hot Spots ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Meteorological Drought ◽  
First Century ◽  
Horn Of Africa ◽  
Global Circulation ◽  
Global Circulation Models ◽  
The Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Meteorological Droughts

AbstractTwo questions motivated this study: 1) Will meteorological droughts become more frequent and severe during the twenty-first century? 2) Given the projected global temperature rise, to what extent does the inclusion of temperature (in addition to precipitation) in drought indicators play a role in future meteorological droughts? To answer, we analyzed the changes in drought frequency, severity, and historically undocumented extreme droughts over 1981–2100, using the standardized precipitation index (SPI; including precipitation only) and standardized precipitation-evapotranspiration index (SPEI; indirectly including temperature), and under two representative concentration pathways (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5). As input data, we employed 103 high-resolution (0.44°) simulations from the Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX), based on a combination of 16 global circulation models (GCMs) and 20 regional circulation models (RCMs). This is the first study on global drought projections including RCMs based on such a large ensemble of RCMs. Based on precipitation only, ~15% of the global land is likely to experience more frequent and severe droughts during 2071–2100 versus 1981–2010 for both scenarios. This increase is larger (~47% under RCP4.5, ~49% under RCP8.5) when precipitation and temperature are used. Both SPI and SPEI project more frequent and severe droughts, especially under RCP8.5, over southern South America, the Mediterranean region, southern Africa, southeastern China, Japan, and southern Australia. A decrease in drought is projected for high latitudes in Northern Hemisphere and Southeast Asia. If temperature is included, drought characteristics are projected to increase over North America, Amazonia, central Europe and Asia, the Horn of Africa, India, and central Australia; if only precipitation is considered, they are found to decrease over those areas.

DRYNESS DYNAMICS OF THE SOUTH OF EUROPEAN RUSSIA IN THE SPRING - SUMMER PERIOD

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Zolotokrylin ◽  
◽  
Tatyana Titkova ◽  
Elena Cherenkova
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Aridity Index ◽  
European Russia ◽  
The South ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Drought Intensity ◽  
The Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
South Of European Russia

Changes in the characteristics of spring-summer droughts in the south of European Russia (twelve regions) in the period 1901-2018 were studied using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and analyzed in the periods of increasing/decreasing humidifying estimated by the Aridity Index (AI). In each studied region, the trends of aridization for centrury and more are not found. In the meantime, long-term interdecadal periods of increasing and decreasing aridization are detected. They are characterized by significant variation of frequency and intensity of spring-summer droughts. Decreasing aridization in the early 20th century over most of the south of European Russia has been replaced by aridization increase in 1930s. The period of increasing humidifying of the whole investigated area from 1960s to the end of 20th century changed to the period of increasing aridization. During dry periods, frequency of drought increases in 1.5 times, while drought intensity growth is insignificant. In actual dry period, beginning with the early 21th century, spring-summer droughts have emerged earlier in eastern part of South of European Russia; however, in western part drought are observed more often.

scholarly journals Assessment of Irrigation Needs in Sugar Beet (Beta vulgaris L.) in Temperate Climate of Kujawsko-Pomorskie Region (Poland)

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Kuśmierek-Tomaszewska ◽  
Jacek Żarski ◽  
Stanisław Dudek
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Meteorological Drought ◽  
High Water ◽  
Agricultural Drought ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
Sugar Beets ◽  
Meteorological Droughts

The primary purpose of this work was to assess the need for irrigation in sugar beet cultivated in the temperate climate of the Kujawsko-Pomorskie region of Poland based on meteorological data from the period 1981–2010. The work was also aimed at determining the tendency of changes in the frequency and intensity of droughts during the period of high water needs for sugar beets (spanning July–August) and confirming the hypothesis that agricultural drought may be identified based on the indicator of meteorological drought—Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI). The occurrence of meteorological droughts amounted to 26.7–40.0%, depending on location. No significant trend of increasing dryness was found; however, quite the opposite, an upward tendency was identified, which indicates an improvement of precipitation conditions over time. It was found that sugar beet production in a temperate climate is carried out in the conditions of precipitation deficits, which amount to an average of 32–49 mm and a maximum of 112–173 mm in July–August, but the deficits showed neither significant nor targeted changes with time. A strong, significant relationship between meteorological (SPI) and agricultural (Pdef) drought indicators allows for a determination of sugar beet irrigation needs solely based on information on normalized precipitation values (SPI).

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF METEOROLOGICAL DATA AND DROUGHT IN THE LOWER NORTHERN PART OF THAILAND

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 467-476
Author(s):  
Daniel Derajew Demmsie, Et. al.
Keyword(s):  
Drought Index ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Meteorological Drought ◽  
Rain Gauge ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
The Standardized Precipitation Index

The study areas include Phitsanulok, Nakhon Sawan and Khamphang Phet. The meteorological data between 1986 and 2015, was collected from the meteorological rain gauge stations situated in the Lower Northern part of Thailand. This study involves the analysis of the meteorological data and drought trends in the northern region of Thailand from 1986 to 2015. The study used the Meteorological Drought Monitor software (MDM) to analyze the drought trends through the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI). From this analysis, we then presented the results through graphs representing the trends in meteorological parameters and drought index.  The results showed that, the annual rainfall measurement of the regions analyzed continues to reduce consistently as the temperature increase. The drought trends in these provinces observed to considerably lean towards dry conditions. Nakhon Sawan, for instance, experienced extreme drought in 1977(SPI =-2.5) and moderate wetness in 2013. Kampheang Phet recorded moderately wet conditions (SPI =1.5) in 2013 and 2014 years, and near normal conditions (SPI = -1.1) in 1996. Lastly, Phitsanulok was majorly comprised of moderately dry and severely dry, especially for 2015(SPI =-22). From the findings, awareness should be created to foster the need for environmental conservation, besides to improve environmental protection and the levels of precipitation.                       

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal Characteristics and Trends of Meteorological Droughts in the Wadi Mina Basin, Northwest Algeria

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 3103
Author(s):  
Mohammed Achite ◽  
Andrzej Wałęga ◽  
Abderrezak Kamel Toubal ◽  
Hamidi Mansour ◽  
Nir Krakauer
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Kendall Test ◽  
Geographical Variations ◽  
The People ◽  
Slope Estimator ◽  
Temporal Dimensions ◽  
The Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Meteorological Droughts ◽  
Precipitation Trends

Drought has become a recurrent phenomenon in Algeria in the last few decades. Significant drought conditions were observed during the late 1980s and late 1990s. The agricultural sector and water resources have been under severe constraints from the recurrent droughts. In this study, spatial and temporal dimensions of meteorological droughts in the Wadi Mina basin (4900 km2) were investigated to assess vulnerability. The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) method and GIS were used to detail temporal and geographical variations in drought based on monthly records for the period 1970–2010 at 16 rainfall stations located in the Wadi Mina basin. Trends in annual SPI for stations in the basin were analyzed using the Mann–Kendall test and Sen’s slope estimator. Results showed that the SPI was able to detect historical droughts in 1982/83, 1983/84, 1989/90, 1992/93, 1993/94, 1996/97, 1998/99, 1999/00, 2004/05 and 2006/07. Wet years were observed in 1971/72, 1972/73, 1995/96, 2008/09 and 2009/10. Six out of 16 stations had significant decreasing precipitation trends (at 95% confidence), whereas no stations had significant increasing precipitation trends. Based on these findings, measures to ameliorate and mitigate the effects of droughts, especially the dominant intensity types, on the people, community and environment are suggested.

scholarly journals Evaluación de eventos secos y húmedos en el contexto del cambio climático: El caso del sur de la Región Pampeana (Argentina)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Ferrelli ◽  
Andrea Soledad Brendel ◽  
Piccolo María Cintia ◽  
Perillo Gerardo M. Eduardo
Keyword(s):  
Interpolation Method ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Kriging Interpolation ◽  
Rainfall Regime ◽  
The South ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Kriging Interpolation Method ◽  
The Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Far Future

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la duración, intensidad, periodicidad y frecuencia de los eventos secos y húmedos durante i) pasado reciente (1977-1997), ii) presente (1998-2018), iii) futuro cercano (2019-2039) y iv) futuro lejano (2079-2099) en el sur de la Región Pampeana (Argentina). Se aplicó el Índice Estandarizado de Precipitación a escala anual, estacional, semestral y mensual, utilizando datos de doce estaciones meteorológicas. Los resultados fueron interpolados con el método Kriging en un Sistema de Información Geográfica y de esta manera se obtuvo la distribución espacial de los eventos analizados. El área de estudio evidenció una prolongación de los períodos secos, alcanzando 12 meses de duración en el futuro lejano. Los períodos húmedos presentaron un comportamiento similar entre las épocas estudiadas. Teniendo en cuenta su distribución espacial, el sur del área de estudio fue la que registró cambios significativos, dado que presentará mayor frecuencia de eventos secos y húmedos en el futuro. Esta situación podría afectar las actividades económicas que actualmente se desarrollan en el área. La información resultante es esencial para que la población conozca las situaciones a las que podrían estar expuestos ante las fluctuaciones que tendrá la precipitación en situaciones meteorológicas futuras.      This study aims to analyze the duration, intensity, periodicity, and frequency of dry and wet events in the south of Pampas (Argentina), considering i) recent past (1977-1997), ii) present (1998-2018), iii) near future (2019-2039), and iv) far future (2079-2099). In this sense, monthly rainfall data were assessed from twelve weather stations using the Standardized Precipitation Index with 1-month, 3-months,6-months and 12-months timescales. Kriging interpolation method was applied to analyze information spatially. The results showed an extension of dry events with a duration up to 12 months in the far future, while wet events showed a similar behavior among the considered periods. It is worth noting that the south part of the study area will present a higher frequency of wet and dry events, which will generate a more variable rainfall regime affecting the economic activities of the area. The information obtained will be essential for decision-makers and agricultural producers because it will allow them to know the rainfall fluctuation in future situations. 

scholarly journals UTILIZAÇÃO DO ÍNDICE DE PRECIPITAÇÃO PADRONIZADO PARA A REGIÃO NORTE DO ESTADO DO ESPÍRITO SANTO

Irriga ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 414-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Morgan Uliana ◽  
Edvaldo Fialho dos Reis ◽  
Adilson Pacheco de Souza ◽  
José Geraldo Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Alexandre Cândido Xavier
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Precipitation Index ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Espírito Santo ◽  
The Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Espirito Santo

UTILIZAÇÃO DO ÍNDICE DE PRECIPITAÇÃO PADRONIZADO PARA A REGIÃO NORTE DO ESTADO DO ESPÍRITO SANTO  EDUARDO MORGAN ULIANA1; EDVALDO FIALHO DOS REIS2; ADILSON PACHECO DE SOUZA1; JOSÉ GERALDO FERREIRA DA SILVA3 E ALEXANDRE CÂNDIDO XAVIER2  1 Professor, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Sinop – MT, [email protected]; [email protected] Professor, Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Alegre – ES, [email protected]; [email protected] Pesquisador, Instituto Capixaba de Pesquisa, Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural (Incaper), Vitória – ES, [email protected]  1        RESUMO A seca é um fenômeno meteorológico complexo, com influência local ou regional e estudá-la é de grande importância para o planejamento e gestão dos recursos hídricos. Meteorologistas e hidrólogos propuseram índices para caracterizar, detectar e monitorar as secas meteorológicas. Dentre estes índices destaca-se o índice de precipitação padronizado (SPI). O objetivo deste trabalho foi aplicar e avaliar o SPI para caracterização do déficit e do excesso de precipitação na escala mensal e trimestral para a região norte do Estado do Espírito Santo. O SPI foi calculado utilizando a distribuição gama incompleta e foram estimados os limites de precipitação que correspondem a cada categoria do índice. Foi estudada a distribuição espacial do índice no período de outubro de 2009 a março de 2010. O SPI mostrou-se um método prático e eficaz para caracterização e monitoramento da seca e da umidade na região norte do estado. Com o estudo de sua distribuição espacial foi possível identificar localidades com situação crítica em relação à seca, o que possibilita o direcionamento de ações de mitigação e gestão dos recursos hídricos. Palavras-chave: Seca, umidade, índice de seca, SPI, precipitação.  ULIANA, E. M.; REIS, E. F. dos; SOUZA, A. P. de; SILVA, J. G. F. da; XAVIER, A. C.USING THE STANDARDIZED PRECIPITATION INDEX FOR THE NORTHERN  ESPÍRITO SANTO STATE  2        ABSTRACT Drought is a complex meteorological phenomenon   with local and regional influence. Studying it is of utmost importance for planning and management of water resources. Meteorologists and hydrologists proposed indices to characterize,  detect and monitor  meteorological droughts.  Among these indices, the standardized precipitation index (SPI) stands out. The objective of this study was to use and evaluate   the SPI to characterize  deficit and excess of precipitation in monthly and quarterly scales for the northern  Espírito Santo state. The SPI was calculated using the incomplete gamma distribution. Limits of precipitation  corresponding  to each category of the index were estimated. Spatial distribution of the index was studied from October 2009 to March 2010. The SPI proved to be an effective and practical method for characterization and monitoring of drought and humidity in the northern region of the state. Based on the study of its spatial distribution, identification of critical   sites concerning   droughts were identified, which enables targeting  mitigation  actions   and water resource management.   Keywords: drought, humidity, drought index, SPI, precipitation.

scholarly journals Long-term meteorological and hydrological dryness and wetness conditions in the Zhujiang River Basin, South China

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 10525-10562
Author(s):  
T. Fischer ◽  
M. Gemmer ◽  
B. Su ◽  
T. Scholten
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Xijiang River ◽  
The Xijiang River ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
The Standardized Precipitation Index

Abstract. Floods and droughts are frequently causing large economic losses in China. These conditions vary in space, time, and magnitude. In this study, long-term meteorological and hydrological dryness and wetness conditions are analyzed for the Xijiang River Basin which is the largest tributary of the Zhujiang (Pearl) River. A very similar inter-annual course of precipitation and discharge can be observed. The standardized precipitation index (SPI) is used to show dryness and wetness pattern in the six sub-basins of the Xijiang River. The SPI-24 correlates high with the standardized discharge index (SDI-24) for Gaoyao hydrological station at the mouth of Xijiang River. Distinct long-term dryness and wetness sequences are found in the time series for the SPI-24 and SDI-24. The principal component analysis reveals many spatial interdependencies in dryness and wetness conditions for the sub-basins and explains some spatio-temporal disparities. Moderate dryness conditions have a larger spatial impact than moderate wetness conditions in the sub-basins. The loading pattern of the first principal component shows that the correlation with the entire Xijiang River Basin is highest in the eastern and lowest in the western sub-basins. Further spatial dipole conditions explain the spatio-temporal heterogeneity of dryness and wetness conditions. Accordingly, the precipitation in the eastern sub-basins contributes more to the hydrological wetness conditions than in the western sub-basins, which mainly contribute to dryness patterns. The spectral analysis for the SPI-24 (entire Xijiang River Basin) and SDI-24 shows similar peaks for periods of 11–14.7 yr, 2.8 yr, 3.4–3.7 yr, and 6.3–7.3 yr. The same periods can be found for the SPI-24 of Xijiang River's six sub-basins with some variability in the magnitude. The wavelet analysis shows that the most significant periods are stable over time since the 1980s. The extrapolations of the reconstructed time series do not suggest any spatial or temporal changes in the occurrence of dryness and wetness conditions in the next two decades but a continuation of the observed cycles at given magnitude. It can be concluded that long-term hydrological dryness and wetness conditions are directly caused by periodic cycles of meteorological conditions (i.e. precipitation). The applied methodologies prove to be able to identify spatial interdependencies and corresponding regional disparities, and to detect significant periodicities in long-term dryness and wetness conditions in the Xijiang River Basin.

scholarly journals Drought assessment in the northern region of Colombia using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI): a case study in the department of La Guajira

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Díaz Chávez ◽  
Ana Patricia Espinosa Romero ◽  
Jairo Rosado Vega
Keyword(s):  
Recurrent Events ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Precipitation Index ◽  
Drought Assessment ◽  
Operational Characteristics ◽  
Significance Levels ◽  
The Standardized Precipitation Index

Abstract The objective of this study was to assess droughts in the department of La Guajira, Columbia, on the basis of their operational characteristics. Droughts were assessed using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) at three- and six-month aggregation periods (SPI-3 and SPI-6), and their operational characteristics were analyzed by the run theory and via analysis of temporal trends using the modified Mann-Kendall (MMK) test. The results indicated that droughts were most frequent in La Guajira between 1995 and 2004. The occurrence of droughts was most accurately identified by SPI-6. It was observed that the central, southern, and western areas of the department had droughts of greater duration, severity, and intensity. The MMK test shows negative (decreasing) temporal trends at significance levels α between 0.1 and 0.01 in 6.12% of the meteorological stations located in the central and southern areas of La Guajira. These results support the conclusion that droughts are recurrent events in the department of La Guajira as a result of the arid and semi-arid climate prevalent in significant portions of the department’s land area. This elucidates the vulnerability of agriculture and livestock in such areas that are prone to droughts of greater duration, severity, and intensity.

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