scholarly journals Creating a Tool for Assessing Domestic Violence Risk and Impact Among TANF Clients

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan J. Steiner ◽  
Laura Johnson ◽  
Andrea Hetling ◽  
Hsiu-Fen Lin ◽  
Judy L. Postmus
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
Policy And Practice

The Family Violence Option (FVO), a provision of the 1996 welfare legislation, allows states to waive certain program requirements for domestic violence (DV) survivors in order to protect them from danger or penalties. The absence of a standardized method for assessing risk and impact has been an impediment to states’ use of the FVO, particularly in the granting of waivers. The purpose of this study was to address this limitation by developing and testing a risk and impact assessment tool for DV survivors applying for waivers under the FVO. Therefore, a collaborative effort between state administrators and researchers was formed which included input from welfare staff and DV advocates. Background research included reviews of validated risk assessments and FVO policies, as well as primary data from focus groups and surveys with staff from the state human services organization, county welfare agencies, and DV organizations. A tool was then created with 131 questions covering demographics, abuse experiences, partner access and risk, perceptions of safety, and emotional health, and piloted in four counties. Two hundred and thirty-seven completed assessments were analyzed using descriptive statistics, principal component analysis, and feedback from assessors. The final tool (n= 95 items) was informed by validated evidence and frontline practice wisdom, recommended to improve FVO utilization and survivor outcomes. From this study, the authors recommend that other states seeking changes to their FVO risk assessment policy and practice explore collaborative partnerships between practitioners and researchers in order to make decisions informed by best practices and systematic research. They should also pursue cross departmental training of risk assessment tools to prevent a siloed approach to FVO implementation.

Drawing upon the evidence to develop a multiagency risk assessment and risk management framework for domestic violence

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie Lamb ◽  
Kirsty Forsdike ◽  
Cathy Humphreys ◽  
Kelsey Hegarty
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Violence Risk

Domestic violence poses a threat to the health, safety and wellbeing of women internationally and is associated with a range of physical injuries, chronic mental and physical health issues and death. In recognition of the serious consequences and to guide the allocation of resources, multiple countries have invested in efforts to measure domestic violence risk. This study aimed to determine whether there was an existing validated risk assessment tool with an actuarial element, or a common set of evidence-based risk factors that could be implemented in Victoria, Australia. A tool was sought which would effectively predict risk of severity, lethality and re-assault and support risk management strategies. The tool needed to be suitable for administration by a variety of professionals. Through an audit and analysis of existing tools, the study found an absence of universal standards or guidance for weighting actuarial tools and clear insight into how risk assessments currently inform risk management practice and multidisciplinary responses. However, the literature provides clarity around the key evidence-based risk factors that most commonly form a validated tool for adult victim survivors. The evidence was less definitive in terms of assessing risk of lethality and re-assault for children and young people.<br /><br />Key messages<br /><ul><li>There has been considerable investment in approaches to measure domestic violence risk.</li><br /><li>Some consistency exists in terms of evidence-based risk factors across existing risk assessment tools.</li><br /><li>There is an absence of universal standards for weighting actuarial tools as well as guidance to inform a response by a broad range of professionals.</li></ul>

scholarly journals Novel Approach to Inpatient Fall Risk Prediction and Its Cross-Site Validation Using Time-Variant Data (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Insook Cho ◽  
Eun-Hee Boo ◽  
Eunja Chung ◽  
David W. Bates ◽  
Patricia Dykes
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Error Rate ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Fall Risk Assessment ◽  
C Statistic ◽  
Risk Assessment Tools ◽  
Hospital Days ◽  
Cross Site

BACKGROUND Electronic medical records (EMRs) contain a considerable amount of information about patients. The rapid adoption of EMRs and the integration of nursing data into clinical repositories have made large quantities of clinical data available for both clinical practice and research. OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to investigate whether readily available longitudinal EMR data including nursing records could be utilized to compute the risk of inpatient falls and to assess their accuracy compared with existing fall risk assessment tools. METHODS We used 2 study cohorts from 2 tertiary hospitals, located near Seoul, South Korea, with different EMR systems. The modeling cohort included 14,307 admissions (122,179 hospital days), and the validation cohort comprised 21,172 admissions (175,592 hospital days) from each of 6 nursing units. A probabilistic Bayesian network model was used, and patient data were divided into windows with a length of 24 hours. In addition, data on existing fall risk assessment tools, nursing processes, Korean Patient Classification System groups, and medications and administration data were used as model parameters. Model evaluation metrics were averaged using 10-fold cross-validation. RESULTS The initial model showed an error rate of 11.7% and a spherical payoff of 0.91 with a c-statistic of 0.96, which represent far superior performance compared with that for the existing fall risk assessment tool (c-statistic=0.69). The cross-site validation revealed an error rate of 4.87% and a spherical payoff of 0.96 with a c-statistic of 0.99 compared with a c-statistic of 0.65 for the existing fall risk assessment tool. The calibration curves for the model displayed more reliable results than those for the fall risk assessment tools alone. In addition, nursing intervention data showed potential contributions to reducing the variance in the fall rate as did the risk factors of individual patients. CONCLUSIONS A risk prediction model that considers longitudinal EMR data including nursing interventions can improve the ability to identify individual patients likely to fall.

Safety and Ergonomics Risk Assessment (SERA): A Customized Ergonomics Assessment Tool for Automobile Manufacturing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Snell ◽  
Arman Dehghani ◽  
Fabian Guenkzkofer ◽  
Stefan Kaltenbrunner
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Automobile Manufacturing ◽  
International Reporting ◽  
Database Implementation ◽  
And Training

Musculoskeletal disorders continue to be a leading source of lost workdays across all industries. Common ergonomics assessment tools may include criteria extraneous to the stresses at specific companies or industries. Therefore, the creation of assessment tools, based on scientifically validated methods, with industry- or company-specific stresses may be of benefit. The BMW Group has developed the Safety and Ergonomics Risk Assessment (SERA) tool. This ergonomics assessment method incorporates the most up-to-date scientific methods and international standards, and is used worldwide in all production facilities of the BMW Group. As noted above, a major advantage of SERA over conventional ergonomics tools is the focus on ergonomics stresses common to automobile manufacturing and the consequent exclusion of irrelevant parameters, thereby reducing the time, effort, and training required for workplace assessments. Other advantages include the international uniformity of assessments and a web- and database-implementation allowing for easily comparable international reporting. The implementation of this method at the BMW Group has enabled a greater transparency for ergonomics across all international plants, and more effective and targeted ergonomics interventions. This publication will outline the basic motivation for SERA, highlight the relevant scientific sources and international standards, and general steps of an evaluation.

Assessing the Internal Reliability and Construct Validity of the General Movement Competence Assessment for Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Leo Ng ◽  
Chris Button ◽  
Dave Collins ◽  
Susan Giblin ◽  
Gavin Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Dynamic Environment ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Microsoft Kinect ◽  
Competence Assessment ◽  
Factorial Structure ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
General Movement

Validated assessment tools for movement competence typically involve the isolation and reproduction of specific movement forms, which arguably neglects individuals’ ability to combine and adapt movements to overcome constraints within a dynamic environment. A new movement assessment tool, the General Movement Competence Assessment (GMCA), was developed for this study using Microsoft Kinect. Movement competence of 83 children (36 boys and 47 girls), aged 8–10 years (9.06 ± 0.75 years) was measured using the GMCA. An exploratory approach was undertaken to examine the internal consistency reliability (McDonald’s omega coefficient) and factorial structure of the GMCA for the study sample. Factorial structure was determined using exploratory factor analysis by principal component analysis with varimax rotation. For the sample data, reliability for the GMCA games were acceptable (ω = 0.53–0.89) and indicated that combinations of movement attributes were measured by GMCA games. Factorial analysis extracted four movement constructs accounting for 71.31% of variance. Dexterity was tentatively identified as a new independent construct alongside currently accepted movement constructs (i.e., locomotion, object-control, stability). While further development of the GMCA is still required, initial results are encouraging in view of an objective and theoretically informed approach to assess general movement competence in children.

Further validation of an opioid risk assessment tool: The Brief Risk Interview

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ted Jones, PhD ◽  
Samantha Lookatch, MA ◽  
Patricia Grant, MS, ANP-C ◽  
Janice McIntyre, MS, ANP-C ◽  
Todd Moore, PhD
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Predictive Accuracy ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Risk Assessment Tool ◽  
Aberrant Behavior

Opioids remain a common method of treating chronic pain conditions despite some controversy. In an effort to address some of the risks of opioid medications, opioid risk assessment has become a standard of care when opioids are used to treat a chronic pain condition. Research to date has found that clinical interviews may be superior to currently available patient-completed written questionnaires in identifying patients likely to engage in medication aberrant behavior. The Brief Risk Interview (BRI) has been developed as a risk assessment tool that has the sensitivity of a clinical interview while eliminating the need for the lengthy process of an interview. The current study compared the predictive ability of the BRI with two commonly used patient-completed risk assessment tools: the Opioid Risk Tool (ORT) and the Screener and Opioid Assessment for Patients with Pain-Revised (SOAPP-R). After clinical staff at a pain practice underwent a 1-hour training program, 124 consecutive new patients were evaluated using the BRI, ORT, and SOAPP-R. Follow-up data found that the BRI was a good predictor of medication aberrant behavior and offered better sensitivity and better overall predictive accuracy than the ORT or the SOAPP-R. Overall, it appears that the BRI is a valid risk assessment tool that, after a brief training session, can be used effectively by pain clinicians. Further study is needed in other practice settings and with larger sample sizes.

scholarly journals VIOLENCE RISK ASSESSMENT IN PSYCHIATRY - LITERATURE REVIEW AND PRACTICE COMPARISON BETWEEN LATVIA AND GERMANY

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 357-367
Author(s):  
Karina Konstantinova ◽  
Alina Kuznecova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Community Violence ◽  
Clinical Assessment ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Violence Risk ◽  
Mentally Disordered Offenders ◽  
Violence Risk Assessment

Evidence-based future community violence risk assessment is a crucial issue in psychiatry. It is a cornerstone of safeguarding the rights of persons with mental health issues. Authors aimed to analyse the modern methods of risk assessment in psychiatry and the current practice and legal framework. Authors undertook a scoped review of the literature with search terms related to future community violence risk prediction for mentally disordered offenders in Latvian, English, German, and Russian languages. Main difficulties in future community violence risk assessment are demonstrated via Latvia’s court decisions analysis. Marked differences were identified: there are no standardized methods available/registered in Latvia, therefore risks assessment is performed via clinical assessment only. In Germany, the risk assessment is performed via structured evidence – based risk assessment tools and clinical assessment; nevertheless, the choice of the assessment tool remains challenging.  

scholarly journals Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency and the Benefits of Early Screening

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 270-282
Author(s):  
Julie Jensen DelFavero ◽  
Amy J. Jnah ◽  
Desi Newberry
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
G6pd Deficiency ◽  
Dehydrogenase Deficiency ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
The United States ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Intercultural Marriages ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, the most common enzymopathy worldwide, is an insufficient amount of the G6PD enzyme, which is vital to the protection of the erythrocyte. Deficient enzyme levels lead to oxidative damage, hemolysis, and resultant severe hyperbilirubinemia. If not promptly recognized and treated, G6PD deficiency can potentially lead to bilirubin-induced neurologic dysfunction, acute bilirubin encephalopathy, and kernicterus. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency is one of the three most common causes for pathologic hyperbilirubinemia. A change in migration patterns and intercultural marriages have created an increased incidence of G6PD deficiency in the United States. Currently, there is no universally mandated metabolic screening or clinical risk assessment tool for G6PD deficiency in the United States. Mandatory universal screening for G6PD deficiency, which includes surveillance and hospital-based risk assessment tools, can identify the at-risk infant and foster early identification, diagnosis, and treatment to eliminate neurotoxicity.

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