scholarly journals Leadership styles determine proactivity of employees - A vessel’s exampl

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-58
Author(s):  
Ivo Polić
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Styles ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Large Degree ◽  
Stressful Situation ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Crisis Events ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Individual Reaction ◽  
Transcendental Leadership ◽  
Objective Event

A crisis event is out of the incidence that is stressful to many people. Stressor as an objective event causes stress in an individual however the level of stress is differently experienced. The affected individuals feel that they cannot fight a crisis event with common mechanisms of dealing. Leadership styles of managers in a large degree determine the proactivity of employees in the crisis events. There can be differentiated transactional, transformational and transcendental leadership. Historically, transactional leadership had been dominated over the years on board. Nowadays, there are more accents on transformational, or even transcendental leadership. Thus, different types of check-lists are introduced to increase situational awareness amongst employees especially in emergency situations. There are also different training and drills scenarios that cover different types of crisis events where employee affected learn how to react well trained and routinely. Familiarization with the anticipated situation, and “know what to do” in the real one, decreases the level of stress among individuals, and helps to react much calmer and focused. In this paper it was analyzed what is increasing individual resources to deal with stressful situation. In addition, individual reaction depends on the hierarchy’s structure aboard; concretely leadership styles determine the proactivity of employees, which can be crucial in emergency situations. Research should be continued in the more practical examples from different types of vessels (eg through polls among seamen who are experienced in various emergencies) where it would be possible to find what is increasing individual resources to deal with stressful situations, and what kind of leadership is preferred by crewmembers, traditional or neoteric ones?

scholarly journals Logistics During Population and Animals Evacuation in Case of Extraordinary Incidents and Crisis Events 

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-95
Author(s):  
Marcin Paweska ◽  
Jozef Ristvej
Keyword(s):  
Practical Experience ◽  
Normative Documents ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Crisis Events ◽  
Different Types

Evacuation is one of the main tasks of administration and its forces and resources in different types of extraordinary events, as well as natural and anthropogenic (non-military and military events) unusual/emergency situations. Evacuation at the level of normative acts and plans is precisely defined and categorized. Existing normative documents and regulations are described in detail and govern to carry out the evacuation of population. This is not the case for animal and property evacuation, which is often treated in general terms and considered to be organized in similar manner to evacuation of people. In the evacuation process of animals, the specific of this process must be taken into account, because badly prepared and performed evacuation may bring more harm than benefit. Hence, the aim of this article is to present, selected essential and specific issues relating to the evacuation of animals, based on theory provisions of the normative and practical experience of the authors.

Leadership in Technology Project Management

2011 ◽  
pp. 216-231
Author(s):  
Ralf Mueller
Keyword(s):  
Project Management ◽  
Leadership Styles ◽  
Project Managers ◽  
Leadership Theory ◽  
Personality Profiles ◽  
Technology Project ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Current Leadership ◽  
Leadership Research

This chapter addresses project managers’ leadership styles, mainly from the perspective of technology projects. It starts by defining and outlining the need for leadership, and then describes the historical schools and the recent schools of leadership theory. Subsequently the focus turns to current leadership research in project management, and its related theories. Subsequently, the personality profiles of successful project managers in different types of projects are presented. The chapter ends with some managerial and theoretical implications, as well as scholarly challenges for further research and future developments in this area.

Moving from situational awareness to decisions during disaster response: Transition to decision making

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Glick, PhD ◽  
Joseph A. Barbera, MD
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Maker ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Initial Response ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Disaster Situation ◽  
Data Elements

During major disasters, at what point in the decisional process do senior government officials transition from developing necessary situational awareness to perform decision making? This “transition to decision making” (TDM) concept was analyzed through a structured interview survey of 25 current and former US Federal Coordinating Officers (FCOs) and focused on their decision-making process during the initial response period in a Presidentially declared Stafford Act disaster. This analysis suggests that the TDM for these emergency leaders is influenced by the following five factors: 1) Analogue Factor: the decision maker’s previous knowledge and experience from analogous disaster situations; 2) New Paradigm Factor: the degree to which the disaster situation is very atypical to the decision maker due to hazard type and/or situation severity, 3) Data Capture Factor: the quality, amount, and speed of disaster situation data conveyed to the decision maker; 4) Data Integration Factor: the decision maker’s ability to integrate situational data elements into a mental framework/picture; and 5) Time Urgency Factor: the decision maker’s perception as to time available before a decision has to be made. The article describes the factors and graphs that how these may influence the timing of the TDM in four types of emergency situations faced by FCOs: 1) an analogue disaster, 2) a disaster situation that presents a new paradigm, 3) an intuitive disaster situation, and 4) a disaster requiring an urgent response.

scholarly journals An Evaluation of English Department Coursebooks at Komar University: A Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-184
Author(s):  
Kochar Ali Saeed ◽  
Lanya Mohammed Sabir ◽  
Bayar Swara Fatah
Keyword(s):  
Science And Technology ◽  
Large Degree ◽  
English Department ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Clear Image ◽  
Iraqi Kurdistan ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Different Types

This research aims to give a clear image of coursebook evaluation in the English department of Komar University of Science and Technology (KUST) in Iraqi Kurdistan. The focus of this paper is to show the advantages and disadvantages of six coursebooks that are used in the English department of KUST. For this purpose, the researchers conducted interviews with the instructors and a survey with the students of these courses. These interviews and the survey show the good sides and the shortcomings of the studied coursebooks by asking different types of questions related to the contents of the books. The research took place in Fall-Winter 2019. The study results show that two-thirds of the teachers were satisfied with the coursebooks chosen to teach in the department of English to a large degree, and most of the students were satisfied with their coursebooks.

scholarly journals SOCIO-CULTURAL INTERPRETATION OF PERSON’S PSYCHOLOGICAL RESOURCES IN EMERGENCY SITUATIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-82
Author(s):  
Naira HAKOBYAN ◽  
Anna KHACHATRYAN
Keyword(s):  
Stressful Situation ◽  
Cultural Environment ◽  
Psychological Resources ◽  
Cultural Interpretation ◽  
Psychological Phenomena ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Coping ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Negative Phenomena

A person lives and works in society. Out of the socio-cultural environment, it is impossible to imagine any aspect of a person's life. In many cases, the characteristics of the social environment expressed in the appropriate cultural forms depend on the means and interaction of the person's psychological resources. A person uses different resources at different stages of life. A good share of these resources in the majority of cases are not appreciated and perceived as ordinary means of life. In some cases these resources cannot be reached because of conflict with negative psychological phenomena, whether it is a traumatic or negative past experience or an irrational thinking. This is why the appropriate trainings for reducing the impact of these negative phenomena and providing stress-resistance are of much importance. On the other hand, the knowledge and skills gained during the trainings can be useful and applicable in process of overcoming possible conflicts and coping with potential emergencies. Due to psychological resources, helping to adapt to stress, and formating of positive socio-cultural environment it is easier to get out of the stressful situation.

scholarly journals Interface de Usuários para o Enriquecimento da Consciência Situacional em Sistemas de Gerenciamento de Emergência

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Natália Oliveira ◽  
Fábio Rodrigues ◽  
Jessica Souza ◽  
Leonardo Botega ◽  
Regina Araújo
Keyword(s):  
User Interfaces ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Heterogeneous Data ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Critical Systems ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Analysis Process ◽  
Heterogeneous Data Sources ◽  
Situational Information

Situational Awareness (SAW) is a concept widely used in areas that require critical decision making, such as in the field of emergency management. SAW is related to the level of perception and understanding that an individual has about real events occurring in complex scenarios, which must be managed by critical systems. Such critical systems require specialized user interfaces (UI) to give operators a dynamic understanding of what is happening in the environment. A challenging issue in the design of SAW-oriented interfaces is to determine how the human-computer interface process can be constructed for SAW enrichment, considering environments with heterogeneous data sources, limitations in data quality, and ever-changing situations. The problem increases when information is subject to uncertainties, which may compromise the situation analysis process. In addition, humans make decisions based on their own understanding of the event, which allied with experience and knowledge can be valuable assets to be used to process situational information about emergencies for the acquisition of SAW. The objective of this work is to demonstrate how to include a SAI-oriented UI in the process of evaluating emergency situations and to present the development of a UI that promotes the management of situational information of emergencies to promote the acquisition of SAW. The results present a specified routine for employing specialized UIs in SAW as part of a situation assessment process, which supports a strong integration between the human operator and other phases of the process, such as quality assessment, data fusion and information visualization , As well as a prototype interface that meets the process. A case study with a critical scenario of a theft event is also presented to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed approach

scholarly journals Modeling scenarios of extreme situations in the energy sector caused by cyber threats

2021 ◽  
Vol 289 ◽  
pp. 03005
Author(s):  
Daria A. Gaskova ◽  
Aleksei G. Massel
Keyword(s):  
Energy Security ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Local Area Network ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Target System ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Cyber Threats

The paper considers the violation of cybersecurity as a possibility of a real impact (intentional or accidental) from cyberspace on the physical infrastructure of a digital energy facility. In energy security studies, such impacts are considered as extreme situations, including critical and emergency situations. A model of scenarios of extreme situations in the energy sector caused by cyber threats using Bayesian Belief Network and the stages of modeling are considered in more detail. The five main stages are i) modeling cyber threats vectors of intrusion and advance towards the target asset; ii) modeling an attack on a target system in the technological segment of the local area network; iii) modeling technogenic threats to energy security caused by cyber threats; iv) modeling consequences at the level of the facility system; v) modeling consequences at the level of the infrastructure. This approach allows one to build cause and effect relationships from vulnerabilities in the cyber environment to the consequences. Modeling stages are aimed at increasing the level of cyber situational awareness, which, in turn, related with energy security issues.

scholarly journals Medical Drone – A Life Saver in Emergency Situations

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.25) ◽  
pp. 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Josephin Arockia Dhivya ◽  
R J. Hemalatha ◽  
T R.Thamizhvani ◽  
Josline Elsa Joseph ◽  
Bincy Babu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Situation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Phone Call ◽  
Prototype Model ◽  
Actual Situation ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Critical Situation ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Hospital Team

Many thousands of humans are dying day to day due to the delay of ambulances reaching the accident spot at right time.So this prototype explains clearly about the emergent situation of a drone reaching the accident scenario with various sensors.The usage of this technology gradually decreases the fatal cases.It is used to save time and helps in patient’s survival.The technology works such like different types of sensors are fitted to the health drone.When a phone call is given to a prescribed given number,the operator thereby tracks the location and the navigation of the place is tracked using global positioning system.The medical quadcopter or drone arrives at the critical situation and various modes of parameters from the body are measured.This prototype gives the information of the patient to both the hospital sources and the nurses present in the normal ambulance.This flying medical drone reach the spot before the normal ambulance arrives the scene.It also measures the real time actual situation of the patient and it helps in saving a life of a patient.The information regarding the patients health parameters will be sent to concerned hospital staffs and to the respective staffs coming in the ambulance. This helps the paramedics and the doctors to know about the patient’s condition before arriving the spot.This medical drone acts as a tool kit which flies to various emergency Situation. ambulance and the hospital team so that they will be ready to serve to the needs of the patients.The proposed prototype model is used as a support the persons who need immediate attention. 

Designing affect into security: shared situational awareness protocols and the habit of emergency response

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-470
Author(s):  
Nathaniel O’Grady
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Active Agent ◽  
Protocol Design ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sense Making ◽  
Time Dynamic ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Affective Attunement

The article engages with and extends emergent debates regarding the envelopment of affective life in practices of security through research into the design of shared situational awareness protocols used in emergency response. Crafted to address what are commonly called ‘multi-agency’ incidents, shared situational awareness protocols aim to generate real time, dynamic understandings of emergency situations that can be held consensually among different authorities in order to facilitate coordinated modes of intervention. I draw on recent conceptualisations in cultural geography of the notion of habit in two ways to explore how such protocols enrol, regulate and mobilise the affective capacities of responder bodies to orchestrate emergency response. Habit first opens up to consideration the complex temporality that protocols may inscribe into the embodied performance of emergency response. Read in relation to habit, protocols appear as security techniques that simultaneously formulate response into a sequence of actions in anticipation of emergencies whilst enabling responders to adapt to emergencies as volatile situations unfolding in an indeterminate, real-time present. Second, habit orients exploration towards the modes of affect-based sense-making practices that protocols seek to integrate into this performance. On one hand, protocols have been designed with the goal of affording responder bodies the capacity to enact what Brian Massumi refers to as affective attunement as a means to render emergencies intelligible. On the other, protocol design seeks to inculcate responder bodies with the capacity to execute what I call ‘empathic sense-making’ whereby authorities are able to coordinate with one another by operating with a perception of the emergency that traverses the confines of their immediate spatial and temporal embodied encounter with it. Synthesising protocol design with habit ultimately reveals much about how emergency planners consider bodily capacity an active agent that both guides the structure of intervention and enrols particular modes of cognition into emergency response and security.

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