scholarly journals Application of Heterogeneous Robotic System for Underwater Oil Spill Scenario

2016 ◽  
Vol Special edition (1) ◽  
pp. 169-178
Author(s):  
Antonio Vasiljević ◽  
Đula Nađ ◽  
Nikola Stilinović ◽  
Nikola Mišković ◽  
Zoran Vukić
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Autonomous Underwater Vehicle ◽  
Unmanned Vehicles ◽  
Robotic System ◽  
Counter Measures ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Rhodamine Wt

The tragic Deepwater Horizon accident in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010 as well as the increase in deepwater offshore activity have increased public interest in counter-measures available for subsurface releases of hydrocarbons. To arrive at proper contingency planning, response managers urge for a system for instant detection and characterization of accidental releases. Along these lines, this paper describes the application of a heterogeneous robotic system of unmanned vehicles: autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV), unmanned surface vehicle (USV) and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) extended with the oil spill numerical modeling, visualisation and decision support capabilities. A first set of field experiments simulating oil spill scenarios with Rhodamine WT was held in Croatia during the early autumn 2014. and the second set of experiments were held in Spain during the summer 2015. The objectives of this experiment were to test: effectiveness of the system for underwater detection of hydrocarbons, heterogeneous multi-vehicle collaborative navigation and communication as well as decision support system, visualisation of the system components and detected spill.

Characterization of the Reproductive Mode in Guayule In Vitro

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 483a-483
Author(s):  
Roy N. Keys ◽  
Dennis T. Ray ◽  
David A. Dierig
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Reproductive Mode ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Initial Field ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Reproductive Modes ◽  
Desert Southwest ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Guayule (Parthenium argentatum Gray, Asteraceae) is a latex-producing perennial desert shrub that is potentially of economic importance as an industrial crop for the desert Southwest. It is known to possess complex reproductive modes. Diploids are predominantly sexual and self-incompatible, while polyploids show a range of apomictic potential and self-compatibility. This paper describes the development of a relatively rapid and simple technique for characterizing reproductive modes of breeding lines of P. argentatum. Initial field experiments were based on an auxin test used successfully to characterize reproductive mode in the Poaceae. The application of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid inhibited embryo formation in P. argentatum, but this was not the case with other auxins tested. Results of field experiments were ambiguous because: 1) the floral structure of P. argentatum is such that auxins might not have penetrated to the ovules, and 2) there was potential self-fertilization by pollen released within isolation bags. Therefore, in vitro culture of flower heads was tested because it provided much better control of environmental conditions, growth regulator application, and pollen release. Auxin alone, or in combination with gibberellic acid or kinetin, inhibited parthenogenesis in vitro. Embryo production did not vary using two substantially different nutrient media. In vitro flower head culture using a (Nitsch and Nitsch) liquid nutrient medium without growth regulators, enabled characterization of the reproductive mode of seven breeding lines, ranging from predominantly sexual to predominantly apomictic. The results of this technique were substantiated using RAPD analyzes of progeny arrays from controlled crosses.

Decision support tools for oil spill response (OSR-DSTs): Approaches, challenges, and future research perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 167 ◽  
pp. 112313
Author(s):  
Zhaoyang Yang ◽  
Zhi Chen ◽  
Kenneth Lee ◽  
Edward Owens ◽  
Michel C. Boufadel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Decision Support Tools ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
Support Tools ◽  
Oil Spill Response

Design and validation of a modular micro-robotic system for the mechanical characterization of soft tissues

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Acuna ◽  
Julian M. Jimenez ◽  
Naomi Deneke ◽  
Sean M. Rothenberger ◽  
Sarah Libring ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Mechanical Characterization ◽  
Robotic System

Dynamic Characterization of Brushless DC Motors and Propellers for Flight Applications

2017 ◽  
Vol 05 (03) ◽  
pp. 159-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic Muzar ◽  
Eric Lanteigne ◽  
Justin McLeod
Keyword(s):  
Simple Model ◽  
Brushless Dc Motor ◽  
Dynamic Characterization ◽  
Brushless Dc Motors ◽  
Brushless Dc ◽  
Dc Motors ◽  
Simple Motor ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Selection Of

Although there exist a number of accurate unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) thruster models, these models require the precise measurements of several motor and propeller characteristics. This paper presents a simple motor and propeller model that relies solely upon data provided by manufacturers. The model is validated by comparing theoretical motor and propeller behavior to experimental results obtained from thrust tests in a wind tunnel. The objective is to provide an accurate yet simple model to facilitate the selection of appropriate brushless DC motor and propeller combinations for flight applications.

scholarly journals Hydraulic characterization of aquifers by thermal response testing: Validation by large-scale tank and field experiments

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentin Wagner ◽  
Peter Bayer ◽  
Gerhard Bisch ◽  
Markus Kübert ◽  
Philipp Blum
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Thermal Response ◽  
Response Testing

Preparation and characterization of modified rice husks by biological delignification and acetylation for oil spill cleanup

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (15) ◽  
pp. 1980-1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhixuan Wang ◽  
Junaid Saleem ◽  
John P. Barford ◽  
Gordon McKay
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Rice Husks ◽  
Oil Spill Cleanup

scholarly journals Characterization of the Particle Emission from Ships Operating at Sea Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommaso F. Villa ◽  
Reece Brown ◽  
E. Rohan Jayaratne ◽  
L. Felipe Gonzalez ◽  
Lidia Morawska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Great Barrier Reef ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Emission Factors ◽  
Barrier Reef ◽  
Ship Emissions ◽  
Optimal Position ◽  
Exhaust Plume ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
First Time

Abstract. This research demonstrates the use of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to characterize the gaseous (CO2) and particle (10–500 nm) emissions of a ship at sea. The field study was part of the research voyage The Great Barrier Reef as a significant source of climatically relevant aerosol particles on-board the RV Investigator around the Australian Great Barrier Reef. Measurements of the RV Investigator exhaust plume were carried out while the ship was operating at sea, at a steady engine load of 30 %. The UAV system was flown autonomously using several different programmed paths. These incorporated different altitudes and distances behind the ship in order to investigate the optimal position to capture the ship plume. Five flights were performed, providing a total of 27 horizontal transects perpendicular to the ship exhaust plume. Results show that the most appropriate altitude and distance to effectively capture the plume was 25 m above sea level and 20 m downwind. Particle number (PN) emission factors (EF) were calculated in terms of number of particles emitted (#) per weight of fuel consumed (Kg fuel). Fuel consumption was calculated using the simultaneous measurements of plume CO2 concentration. Calculated EFPN were between 9.19 × 1014 and 5.15 × 1015 #∙(Kg fuel)−1. These values are in line with those reported in the literature for ship emissions ranging from 0.2 6.2 × 1016 #∙(Kg fuel)−1 to 6.2 × 1016 #∙(Kg fuel)−1. This UAV system successfully assessed ship emissions to derive emission factors (EFs) under real world conditions. This is significant as, for the first time, it provides a reliable, inexpensive and accessible way to assess and potentially regulate ship emissions.

scholarly journals The Synthesis and Toxicological Characterization of Neurotoxic Chemical Agents Simulants

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 3881-3888
Author(s):  
Mihai Silviu Tudosie ◽  
Cristina Anca Secara ◽  
Catalin Gabriel Smarandache ◽  
Simona Bicheru ◽  
Mihaela Muresan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Toxic Compounds ◽  
Counter Measures ◽  
Toxicological Effects ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Chemical Agents ◽  
Toxic Agents ◽  
International Regulations

Neurotoxic warfare chemical agents (CWA/NA) induce major toxicological effects to the affected personnel. Their increased toxicity justifies the necessity of developing analytical methods for diagnosis and specific medical counter measures. CWA/NA are extremely toxic agents which are subject to international regulations (The Geneva Protocol regarding the prohibition of chemical weapons). Taking into account the ban on human experimenting due to high toxicity, simulators of neurotoxic chemical agents are being used in laboratories. These are analogue chemical compounds which possess the same relevant physical, chemical and pharmacodynamical properties of the corresponding agents, but with lower intrinsical toxicity. The synthesis and toxicological characterization of these simulators of neurotoxic chemical agents allow the laboratory research of these extremely toxic compounds and the unfolding of risk-free antidote studies. This paper proposes the synthesis and toxicological testing of chemical compounds which simulate sarin (4-nitrophenyl isopropyl methylphosphonate - NIMP) and VX (4-nitrophenyl ethyl methylphosphonate - NEMP).

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