scholarly journals The Relationship Between Children’s Equal Sharing Behaviour and Logical Reasoning

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derya CAN ◽  
Veli CAN
Keyword(s):  
Logical Reasoning ◽  
Equal Sharing ◽  
The Relationship

The Relationship Between Logical Reasoning Ability and Belief in Science and Pseudoscience

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maureen F. Fitzgerald ◽  
Rodney J. Vogl ◽  
W. Richard Walker ◽  
Steven J. Hoekstra
Keyword(s):  
Logical Reasoning ◽  
Reasoning Ability ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Fairness in Resource Distribution: Relationship between Children’s Moral Reasoning and Logical Reasoning

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 66-86
Author(s):  
Derya Can ◽  
Veli Can
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Moral Reasoning ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Logical Reasoning ◽  
Logical Thinking ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Reasoning Process ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractIntroduction: The aim of this study is to examine children’s moral reasoning and logical reasoning processes and the relationship between these two mechanisms. In the present study the focus is on the relationship between the factors such as fair sharing, equality, merit, ownership, opportunity in the resource allocation and logical reasoning among the children aged 5-7.Methods: In this study, which aims to examine how the logical thinking skills differ according to the children’s moral reasoning process, a survey design approach was used. Participants were 92 children aged 5 (female N=13, male N=14) and aged 6 (female N=17, male N=18), aged 7 (female N=17, male N=13). The data collected from the moral and logical reasoning tasks were analyzed in two steps. At the first step the answers of the participants were scored. At the second step their justifications were categorized. To test out hypotheses we used two general linear models to examine the age effects of Age (5-7 years) and Reasoning (equality, ownership, merit, opportunity) on children’s evaluations of the vignette characters’ actions. Age-related changes in children’s evaluation and their logical reasoning skills related to initial distribution and transfer status were analyzed by the variance analysis.Results: Based on the findings of the study it can be stated that the children in the age group of 6-7 evaluated negatively the reward distribution based on the outcomes due to their concerns about the inequality in the opportunities and the violation of the principle of equality. The findings of the study indicate that there is no significant difference in children’s logical thinking skills depending on their age. As a result of the study, it is found that although there is no direct relationship between the moral and logical reasoning processes of children, the children who can reject the AC type inference predominantly emphasize the principle of equality. Although there is no significant relationship between moral reasoning and logical reasoning processes, it can be said that children with higher levels of logical reasoning much more frequently emphasize the principle of equality in moral reasoning process.Discussion: Research indicates that children aged around 5 consider the reward distribution based on the outcomes fair. Older children, on the other hand, evaluate the inequalities in resource distribution as unfair. These findings support the results of the study suggesting that older children consider inequal source distribution both at the first case and at the transfer cases unfair. The children’s approval or disapproval of the transfer varies based on their reasoning processes. They support transfer if they emphasize the principle of equality, but they do not support it if their focus is on the principle of ownership. Older children are found to have a commitment to the principle of equality, and the difference between the 5-year age group and the 6-7-year age group is remarkable in this regard. Similar findings are reported in the previous studies, and it is generally stated that younger children are more selfish and that the tendency to distribute resources equally becomes dominant due to the increase in the age of children. Although there is no significant relationship between moral reasoning and logical reasoning processes, it can be said that children with higher levels of logical reasoning emphasize the principle of equality in moral reasoning process much more frequently.Conclusion: Cognitivists argue that cognition and particularly reasoning have significant roles in making moral decisions. It suggests that children whose logical thinking skills are higher than others understand the necessity of equality to ensure fairness. The basic information on logic should be taught and introduced to the children from an early age. In addition, children should be ensured to use these methods through connections with both daily life and other courses at schools. It is thought that having basic logic knowledge by children will affect positively their cognitive, affective and social development. In order to examine this effect, a logic program including simple logic rules and basic inference types should be developed and the effects of such programs on the cognitive, affective and social development of children should be examined.

scholarly journals Mathematics and Islamic Thought: Seeing Relationship Between Mathematics and Islamic Teaching Resources

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-197
Author(s):  
Eliva Sukma Cipta ◽  
Muhammad Hori
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Pure Sciences ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Logical Reasoning ◽  
Teaching Resources ◽  
The Social ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
Language And Literature ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The Relationship

This article tries to discuss about mathematics and islamic thought.  By seeing the relationship between mathematics and islamic teaching resources, this article found that science in this world can be classified into three groups, namely natural sciences, social science, and humanities. The natural sciences which consist purely consist of physics, chemistry, and biology, and some people enter mathematics again. The social sciences that fall into the category of pure sciences include sociology, anthropology, psychology, and history. Whereas the humanities consist of philosophy, language and literature, and art. Qur’an and Hadith in the development of science are positioned as sources of qawliyyah verses while the results of observations, experiments, and logical reasoning are positioned as sources of kauniyyah verses. With its position like this, then various branches of knowledge can always be sought from the source of the Qur'an and Hadith. Like, the science of mathematics developed on the basis of the Qur'an and Hadith sources as well as the results of observation, experimentation, and logical reasoning. Mathematics itself has a very close relationship with the spiritual traditions of Muslims, is familiar with the Qur'an, and of course mathematics can also be used as a "path" towards achieving happiness benefits both in this world and the hereafter.

scholarly journals SCIENCE PERFORMANCE AND SCHOLASTIC APTITUDE OF GRADE 9 LEARNERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennelyn I. Mingoa ◽  
Ferdinand T. Abocejo
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Verbal Ability ◽  
Logical Reasoning ◽  
Mathematical Ability ◽  
Reasoning Ability ◽  
Scholastic Aptitude ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Female Scholar ◽  
Science Performance

This study determined the relationship between scholastic aptitude comprised of reading comprehension, verbal ability, mathematical ability, logical reasoning ability, and visual manipulative skills and Science performance of Grade 9 learners in a privately run basic education institution in Lapu-lapu, Cebu, Philippines during the school year 2015-2016. Descriptive and correlational research designs were carried out to assess the relationship among the identified variables. The study anchored its framework on the Multiple Intelligence Theory and the Primary Mental Abilities Theory. Secondary data on learners’ Science performance, scholastic aptitude and selected demographic profile were considered. Findings revealed a strong association in reading comprehension and Science performance of both sexes between scholar and non-scholar leaners. Moderate direct correlations were noted between learners’ scholastic aptitude pertaining to verbal ability, mathematical ability, logical-reasoning ability and visual manipulative skills, and their science performance. Science performance statistically differed between male and female, and between scholar and non-scholar learners. Female scholar learners performed better than their male non-scholar counterparts in science. In conclusion, scholastic aptitude has bearing on achievement of female scholar learners with respect to their science performance. There is enough evidence to conclude that scholastic aptitude goes hand in hand with science performance. It is imperative then that parents and teachers should work together to develop learners’ scholastic aptitude particularly in reading comprehension to reduce if not eliminate, the sex gap in science performance of learners in the study area. <p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0770/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

scholarly journals The Relationship of Logical Reasoning Ability, Oral Language Comprehension, and Home Experiences to Preschool Children's Print Awareness

1980 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elfrieda H. Hiebert
Keyword(s):  
Language Comprehension ◽  
Oral Language ◽  
Logical Reasoning ◽  
Reasoning Ability ◽  
Reading Habits ◽  
Print Awareness ◽  
Concepts About Print ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The study examined the relationship of logical reasoning ability, oral language comprehension, and home experiences to preschoolers' print awareness. Measures of print awareness were: letter naming, visual discrimination, auditory discrimination, and two measures which assessed concepts about print (knowledge about the purposes of print in the environment and knowledge about the processes involved in using print). Sixty three-, four-, and five-year-olds were tested on the measures of print awareness, logical reasoning ability, and lexical and grammatical comprehension of oral language. Information on home experiences was obtained by surveying parents on their own reading habits and the reading-related activities in which they participated with their children. Three measures—logical reasoning ability, lexical comprehension, and home teaching activites—provided the best overall model in accounting for differences in children's performances across the print awareness measures.

Logical Reasoning with Diagrams

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard Allwein ◽  
Jon Barwise
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Visual Representation ◽  
Visual Representations ◽  
Logical Reasoning ◽  
Logical Status ◽  
Present Information ◽  
Science Philosophy ◽  
The Relationship

One effect of information technology is the increasing need to present information visually. The trend raises intriguing questions. What is the logical status of reasoning that employs visualization? What are the cognitive advantages and pitfalls of this reasoning? What kinds of tools can be developed to aid in the use of visual representation? This newest volume on the Studies in Logic and Computation series addresses the logical aspects of the visualization of information. The authors of these specially commissioned papers explore the properties of diagrams, charts, and maps, and their use in problem solving and teaching basic reasoning skills. As computers make visual representations more commonplace, it is important for professionals, researchers and students in computer science, philosophy, and logic to develop an understanding of these tools; this book can clarify the relationship between visuals and information.

scholarly journals Relações lógico-inferenciais no uso dos conectivos porque e já que: um estudo comparativo entre Ensino Fundamental e Ensino Superior

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 123-138
Author(s):  
Sabrina Lopes Dos Santos ◽  
Daniela Garcia ◽  
Marcus Maia
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Undergraduate Education ◽  
Logical Reasoning ◽  
Forced Choice ◽  
Causal Relationships ◽  
Causal Relations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

This paper presents a comparative study between Elementary School and Undergraduate Education investigating the use of connectives já que and porque in sentences with inferential causal relations established through inductive and deductive logical reasoning. As the acquisition of some connectives is related to schooling and consequent exposure to the written modality, this work can contribute to raising questions about the relationship between the acquisition of this modality and its influence on the way we interpret logical-inferential relations. In this paper, we present a forced-choice judgment test in which participants should choose between the connectives  já que and porque when they are exposed to sentences with direct and indirect causal relationships. Our hypothesis was that, in indirect cause relationships, individuals with more experience in reading would choose já que, but individuals with little experience should choose mainly porque in both cases.

Interstellar gas in the central region of the Galaxy

1967 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 239-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Kerr
Keyword(s):  
Central Region ◽  
Galactic Plane ◽  
Neutral Hydrogen ◽  
Continuum Emission ◽  
Galactic Centre ◽  
Interstellar Gas ◽  
Hydrogen Recombination ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Centre Region ◽  
The Relationship

A review is given of information on the galactic-centre region obtained from recent observations of the 21-cm line from neutral hydrogen, the 18-cm group of OH lines, a hydrogen recombination line at 6 cm wavelength, and the continuum emission from ionized hydrogen.Both inward and outward motions are important in this region, in addition to rotation. Several types of observation indicate the presence of material in features inclined to the galactic plane. The relationship between the H and OH concentrations is not yet clear, but a rough picture of the central region can be proposed.

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